Generated by All in One SEO v5.0.0.1, this is an llms.txt file, used by LLMs to index the site. # Old Tokyo Vintage Japanese Postcard Museum ## Sitemaps - [XML Sitemap](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website. ## Posts - ["Fuji from Gotemba", c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/fuji-from-gotemba-c-1910/) - See also: “The way to upmt [sic] Fuji from Gotenba”, Climbing Mt. Fuji, Gotemba, c. 1920. “Fuji mountain from Suzukawa”, 1906. Mt. Fuji, from Yuigahama, Kamakura, c. 1920. Mt. Fuji and Lake Hakone Railway Access and Bus Routes, c. 1930. "The shortest way of reaching [Mt.] Fuji from Yokohama is to take the rail as - [Tokyo Station, 1914-1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-station-1914-1940/) - See also: Interiors, Tokyo Central Station, Tokyo, c. 1914. Tokyo Station, 1945-1960. Tokyo Station Hotel, c. 1920 "The Central Railway Station now under construction at Eiraku-cho, Kojimachi, Tokyo, will when completed rob Shimbashi of the honour of being the 'front door' of the Japanese capital. The Director of the construction branch of the Japanese Railway - [Prince Ito Hirobumi state funeral, 1909.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/prince-ito-state-funeral-1909/) - "The establishment of the protectorate [in 1905, after Japan's defeat of Russia] placed Korea in much the same relation to Japan that Egypt bore to England when the latter intervened in the Nile country in 1882. Japan could no more take the risk of another power gaining a foothold in Korea, and thereby threatening her - [1923 Great Kanto Earthquake](https://www.oldtokyo.com/1923-great-kanto-earthquake/) - See also: “Earthquake photography”, 1923. Post-earthquake Bridge Construction, Tokyo, c. 1932. Earthquake refugee camp on the Imperial Palace plaza, Tokyo, 1923. Showa Emperor Tours Rebuilt Tokyo, 1930. "The Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923 shocked the nation. The magnitude of its destruction was almost beyond imagining. Disaster struck at 11:58 on September 1st, 1923, just as - ["Night snow at Kanbara", Hiroshige postcard reproduction, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/night-snow-at-kanbara-hiroshige-postcard-reproduction-c-1940/) - "The only colours in the image are worn by the three people. We have an almost physical sensation of the silence emanating from the scene, from the cold serenity of the landscape immersed in the evening light. It seems as though time has stopped. The houses too, their roofs blanketed in white, appear to belong - [HIH Princess Kan-in, President of the Volunteer Nurses Association, 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hih-princess-kan-in-president-of-the-volunteer-nurses-association-1910/) - See also: Japan Red Cross Society commemorative postcard, c. 1937 Fifteenth Quadrennial International Red Cross Conference, Tokyo, 1934. Ward in the Japanese Red Cross Central Hospital, Tokyo, c. 1910. "Charity had been accepted as a legitimate arena for upper-class women since early in the Meij era; in wartime, this meant contributing to the care of - [Soba culture, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/soba-culture-c-1910/) - "The main ingredient of soba is buckwheat - a primitive grain that is eaten rarely in the United States. However, buckwheat is the best and, in some cases, the only source of bio-compounds that are vital to the healthy functioning of cells and enzymes. "... Buckwheat is unusually rich in protein (12 to 15 percent) - [Nikko Motor Bus Co. tour of Nikko, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nikko-motor-bus-co-tour-of-nikko-c-1940/) - "For a weekend to remember, and one lavish with gorgeous scenery, take the journey from Tokyo to Nikko and Lake Chuzenji. "Nikko is one of the two most noted shrine and temple cities in Japan, and should be a 'must' on your motoring itinerary. The drive between Nikko and Chuzenji, consisting of 32 hairpin curves, - [Nakajima AT-2 (Ki-34), 1937.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nakajima-at-2-ki-34-1937/) - See also: Nakajima Ki-27, “Nate”, 1936-1945. Nakajima E8N, “Dave”, c. 1935-45. Japan Air Transport Co. Hinazuru-type Airspeed As.6 Envoy, 1936. "Nakajima Aircraft Co. in 1934 acquired from Douglas Aircraft (USA) licensed-construction rights for the DC-2 civil transport. While building licensed DC-2s, Nakajima designed a similar, smaller twin-engine light transport in 1935 that was based on - [Climbing Mt. Hakuba (Shiro-uma-yama), Nagano, 1928.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/climbing-mt-hakuba-shiro-uma-yama-nagano-c-1930/) - "At Hakuba, the major peaks of Mt. Shirouma, Mt. Shirouma-Yari and Mt. Shakushi rise straight from the narrow valley where the Hakuba Village is located; the linear distance from the [train] station to the trailhead is less than 10 km. Nevertheless, the mountains were not easily approached before the Meiji era modernization of Japan, as - [Mt. Yarigatake, Japan Alps, Nagano Prefecture, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mt-yarigatake-japan-alps-nagano-prefecture-c-1940/) - See also: Climbing Mt. Hakuba (Shiro-uma-yama), Nagano, 1928. Skiers, Japan Alps, c. 1940. "In 1871, there was a foreign engineer called William Gouland in the Osaka Mint. He was much interested in mountain climbing and once explored the Hida Mountain Range, which is now known as a part of the Japan Alps, he being the - [Kiyosato Educational Experiment Project (KEEP), Kiyosato, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kyosato-experimental-education-project-keep-kiyosato-c-1960/) - "High in the Japanese Alps, 70 miles west of Tokyo, a small, nearly bald 57-year-old Kentuckian by the name of Paul Rusch has started a revolution for rural Japan. He has shown 110,000 farm people how to wrench a new life from mountain sides and brief valleys that never before produced anything but trees, rock, - [Rug and carpet factory, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/rug-and-carpet-factory-c-1920/) - "British trade with Japan is said to be affected by the comparative nearness of the United States to this market which gives [the U.S.] great advantages, particularly in regard to transport. Japanese competition is greatly increasing, and this is aided not only by the extraordinary low wages which are paid in Japan, which are not - [New Year's advertising postcard, Kanbonjo Wholesale Co., Nihonbashi, Tokyo, 1926.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/new-years-advertising-postcard-kanbonjo-wholesale-co-nihonbashi-tokyo-1926/) - See also: Nihonbashi District, 1905-1930. Uogashi (Fish Market) at Nihonbashi, c. 1910. Shirokiya Department Store advertising postcard, Nihonbashi, Tokyo, c. 1930. "Kanbon Wholesale Co. in Nihonbashi, Tokyo has a history tied to the bustling commercial legacy of Nihonbashi, which has long been Tokyo's center for business and trade. "While specific records for the company are - ["Ski"-brand Woolen Yarn advertising postcard, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ski-brand-woolen-yarn-advertising-postcard-c-1930/) - See also: Marugata (round-shaped) woolen shawl, advertising postcard, c. 1930. Sheep grazing in the shadow of Ezo Fuji, Hokkaido, c. 1930. “Year of the Sheep” (or “Goat”), New Year’s advertising postcards, 1931. Knitwear first appeared in Japan with the advent of trade with Portugual and Spain in the 16th century. The Japanese word for "knit", - [Rocket launch commemorative postcard, 1968.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/rocket-launch-commemorative-postcard-1968/) - In the first half-decade of the 1960s, Japan's emerging space program faced greater public scrutiny and investigations following a series of Lambda rocket failures. Testing was suspended for roughly 17 months so Japan's new space agency -- the Institute of Space and Aeronautical Science (ISAS) -- could provide new engineering and safety protocols. The large - [Kirin Brewery, Yokohama, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kirin-brewery-yokohama-c-1930/) - The Kirin Brewery Co., Ltd., Yokohama A Beer That Has Won A Great Name Throughout the Far East and is Esteemed with the Famous European Beers "For nearly a generation, beer has been produced in Japan, and the name of 'Kirin' has been prominent in connection with this agreeable, beneificial and highly popular beverage. - [Tokyo Bankers' Association Building, Marunouchi, Tokyo, c. 1950.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-bankers-association-building-marunouchi-tokyo-c-1950/) - See also: Mitsui Bank, Nihonbashi, c. 1905. Nippon Ginko (Bank of Japan) & Mitsui Bank, Nihonbashi, c. 1910. Yamaguchi Bank Building, Nihonbashi, c. 1920. "The origin of the Tokyo Bankers' Association dates back to 1877, when Mr. (now Baron) Eiichi Shibusawa, the then-President of the First National Bank, established an association called the 'Takuzen Kwai' - ["Celebration of a Bumper Catch", Ikemajima, Miyako-gun, Okinawa, 1936.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/bumper-catch-celebration-himeshima-oita-prefecture-c-1930/) - See also: "A fishing place in Awaji", Hyogo Prefecture, c. 1920. Dried octopus, Amakusa, Kumamoto Prefecture, c. 1960. Ikemajima fishermen are docked, their vessels decked out in celebratory flags including traditional Tairyō-bata [big catch flags]. The area was known as one of Japan’s most famous fishing grounds for skipjack tuna. Beached on the shore and - [Pan-Pacific Peace Exposition, Nagoya, 1937.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/pan-pacific-peace-exposition-nagoya-1937/) - "Sponsored by the Japanese government (and with HIH Prince Higashikuni Naruhiko as chairman), the Nagoya Pan-Pacific Peace Exposition was intended to promote industry, transportation, education, science, construction, architecture, social welfare, tourism, fine arts and crafts. "Each of the participating nations or colonies had its own pavilion to promote its products and culture, and each of - [Gion Matsuri (Gion Festival), Kyoto, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/gion-matsuri-gion-festival-kyoto-c-1930/) - See also: Jidai Matsuri, Kyoto, 1914 “Kyoto Tayū dochu”. Procession of tayū and kamuro through the “flower town” (hanamichi), Kyoto, c. 1920. “Gion Kobu Hanamikouji”, Kyoto, c. 1920. "Religious festivals are the most striking features of native life, and mirror the very soul of Japan. The most important fete of this kind is the Gion-matsuri, - [Battle of Tsushima Straits commemorative postcard, Russo-Japanese War, 1915.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/battle-of-tsushima-straits-propaganda-postcard-russo-japanese-war-1905/) - "The rise or fall of the Empire depends on this battle. Let every man do his utmost." - Admiral Togo Heihachirō See also: “This is the Japanese greatest admiral …”, Admiral Togo, 1906. IJN battleship “Mikasa”, c. 1910. Imperial Japanese Navy Cruiser “Soya”, c. 1910. "The history of Japan has demonstrated that the control of - [Sanno Hotel, Akasaka.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/birds-eye-view-of-the-sanno-hotel-tokyo/) - "Meanwhile, Voukelitch had landed at Yokohama on February 11, 1933, with only the vaguest notion of what was expected of him. He had received only one instruction: He was to take lodgings in the Sanno Hotel in Tokyo, then watch the newspapers for an advertisement announcing a vacancy in the Bunka apartments. 'When you see - [Ketel's Restaurant, Ginza, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ketels-restaurant-ginza-c-1935/) - "Helmut Ketel's little establishment was a magnet for homesick German businessmen, technicians and sailors, but the clientele invariably included a sprinkling of Japanese academics, artists or middle-ranking army officers with fond memories of student or cadet days spent in Germany. "Papa Ketel, as he was universally known, had recreated a little corner of the Vaterland - [50th Anniversary of Japan's entry into the Universal Postal Union commemorative postcard, 1927.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/50th-anniversary-of-japans-entry-into-the-universal-postal-union-commemorative-postcard-1927/) - "Japan joined the Universal Postal Union (UPU) in 1877, both to force Britain, the United States and France to close their [independently-operated] post offices in Japan and to participate in the novel form of internationalism developed in the 19th century by international administrative unions such as the UPU. "... [T]he administrative internationalism of the UPU - [Hilltop Hotel, Kanda, Tokyo, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hilltop-hotel-c-1960/) - "The ghost of novelist Yukio Mishima tipples nightly in the nine-stool Non Non bar at the Hilltop Hotel." - Business Tokyo, 1991 The original Hilltop building was founded in 1937 as a cultural research institute called Sato Sinkou Seikatsu-kan, intended for introducing women into Western ways of life. Its architect, William Merrel Vories, had first - ["Journey", artwork by Kato Masao, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/journey-artwork-by-kato-masao-c-1930/) - See also: Nakahara Jun’ichi fashion illustrations, c. 1945-1948. Imatake-designed Takashimaya advertising postcards, 1947. Across the desert under the moon Two camels were traveling With gold and silver saddles on their backs The two walked side by side. A prince on the saddle ahead A princess on the saddle behind They wore matching white clothes. Across - ["Stand Tall", Fine Rubber zori inserts advertising postcard, Nihonbashi, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/stand-tall-fine-rubber-zori-inserts-advertising-postcard-nihonbashi-tokyo-c-1930/) - See also: Nippon Tabi Co. Ltd., Kurume, Fukuoka, c. 1930. “Pulling the sled”, c. 1950. Unknown woodblock artist. Zōri (Japanese sandal) wearers sometimes added "fine rubber" heel pads or lifts to enhance their appearance. Rubber inserts also made tabi last longer or be worn more comfortably. "Fine" might have been used as a trade description - [Monpe (plain trouser) fashion, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/monpe-plain-trouser-fashion-c-1940/) - "A traditional pair of monpe [also mompei] is recognised by having a loose waistband and a drawstring hem around each ankle. "The garment is historically thought to have descended from the traditional court trousers, hakama, because of the loose shape of the trouser leg and how the piece of clothing was designed to also be - [Nakahara Jun'ichi fashion illustrations, c. 1945-1948.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nakahara-junichi-fashion-illustrations-c-1945-1948/) - See also: Monpe (plain trouser) fashion, c. 1940. “Journey”, artwork by Kato Masao, c. 1930. "Nakahara Jun'ichi was a Japanese graphic artist and fashion designer born in Higashikagawa, Kagawa Prefecture, in 1913. He became famous as an illustrator in the 1920s when his work appeared in the magazine Shojo No Tomo ['Friend of Young Girls'], - [Japan's first golf course, Mt. Rokko, Kobe, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japans-first-golf-course-mt-rokko-kobe-c-1920/) - "Golf appears to be fully established at Kobe for the Kobe Golf Club, which held its first meeting on Friday, has no fewer than 95 members. The links are at Rokkosan; nine holes are ready for use and there is even talking of having ‘chambers’ for the accommodation of members. The Pavilion is to be - [Hot Spring Tea House [at] Tonosawa, near Miyanoshita, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hot-spring-tea-house-at-tonosawa-near-miyanoshita-c-1920/) - See also: Onsen (hot springs) culture. “Hotels seen on side of fine stream”, Kinugawa Onsen District, Nikko, c. 1930. Izu Funabara Onsen postcard series, Izu City, Shizuoka, c. 1930. "Tonosawa is about 2 miles from Miyanoshita, along the new road, one side of which is very thickly over-shadowed with trees which grow on the surrounding - [Okura Gumi (Okura Partners), Ginza, Tokyo, 1921.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/okura-kumi-okura-partners-ginza-1921/) - See also: Okura Shukokwan (Okura Museum), c. 1920 Hotel Okura, c. 1970 Kawana Hotel, Izu, Shizuoka, c. 1960 Imperial Hotel (1890-1922) "At eighty-five, Baron Okura is still strong and active. In Japan, men not only live to ripe old age but usually die in harness. "Being a second son, Baron [Kihachiro] Okura ran away from - ["Student at Tokyo Army Aviation School" propaganda postcard, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/student-at-tokyo-army-aviation-school-propaganda-postcard-c-1940/) - "The final and most powerful king of [the] 'carnival war' was the youth aviator who dazzled the home front with visions of consumerist desire, before inverting into the kamikaze pilot during the last year of the Pacific War. "His 1940 debut in the mass media occurred as the home front began to shift attention from - [“A presentation gifted to His Excellency Major General Arikawa by aviation supporters", 1923.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/a-presentation-gifted-to-his-excellency-major-general-arikawa-by-aviation-supporters-1923/) - See also: “Student at Tokyo Army Aviation School” propaganda postcard, c. 1940. “Life in the Army” series, IJAAS parade field fly-over, c. 1914. Kaishiki No. 1 biplane & Yamada dirigible, c. 1911. Nieuport IV at Tokorozawa Airfield, c. 1913. Tokorozawa Airfield holds a legendary status as the birthplace of Japanese aviation. Established on April 1, - ["Special Army Grand Exercise", 63rd Regiment, 18th Division, Imperial Japanese Army, Kurume, Kyushu, 1911.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/special-army-grand-exercise-63rd-regiment-18th-division-imperial-japanese-army-kurume-kyushu-1911/) - Created in 1898 as part of a major post–First Sino-Japanese War army expansion under the 1896 Army Reorganization Law, the 28th Division was garrisoned in Kurume, Kyūshū, as an element of the Western District Army — the command overseeing Kyūshū, where it remained for most of its existence. In August 1911 the 18th Division staged - ["Winter in Hokkaidō", Nakayama Slope, Kimobetsu, Hokkaido, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/winter-in-hokkaido-nakayama-slope-kimobetsu-hokkaido-c-1930/) - See also: Sheep grazing in the shadow of Ezo Fuji, Hokkaido, c. 1930. Nakayama Pass (Nakayama-toge) is located near Kimobetsu Town, southwest of Sapporo, in the mountainous western region of Hokkaido. The ski area is further along on the Nakayama Pass road. Its gentle slopes are great for anyone just beginning backcountry skiing. Nakayamatoge opens - [City transportation map advertising postcard, Kyoto, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/city-transportation-map-advertising-postcard-kyoto-c-1920/) - See also: Opening of the Kyoto electric streetcar system (1895) commemorative postcard, c. 1905. Uji-gawa Electric Power Co., Shizugawa Generating Station, Uji City, Kyoto Prefecture, c. 1920. The Second Kyoto Railroad Terminal, c. 1940. Kyoto holds the distinction within the country of having opened Japan's first electric tramway. Following the completion of the Lake Biwa - [Divine Talisman Vendor, Entrance to Atago Shrine, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/divine-talisman-vendor-entrance-to-atago-shrine-tokyo-c-1930/) - See also: Atagoyama (Atago Hill), Tokyo, c. 1910-30. JOAK (NHK) Radio Studios, Atago Hill, Tokyo, c. 1930. "For those living in Tokyo: on the day you first put on your lined summer kimono (awase), whether it be morning, noon, or evening, try climbing to any high vantage point along your way — perhaps the top - [Commodore Perry negotiating at Ryosenji Temple in 1854, Shimoda, commemorative postcard, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/commodore-perry-negotiating-at-ryosenji-temple-in-1854-shimoda-c-1930/) - "Perry’s seven-ship fleet entered Shimoda harbor. As the shogunate limited Japanese vessels to a maximum displacement of around 100 tons, these enormous metal steamships — Perry’s flagship, the Powhattan, was 2,415 tons — appeared as menacing, three-masted hulks to the townsfolk, belching smoke from their funnels and bearing cannons that boasted formidable firepower. "On April - [Museum exhibit of a Maruko-bune [Round-bottomed boat], c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/museum-exhibit-of-a-maruko-bune-round-bottomed-boat-c-1920/) - See also: Lake Biwa Canal, Otsu, c. 1910-1920. The “Incline Lift”, Kyoto, c. 1910. A Maruko-bune (also spelled Marugata-bune) is a traditional Japanese wooden cargo boat unique to Lake Biwa in Shiga Prefecture. The name translates to "round-shaped boat", likely referring to its displacement hull. These shallow-draft vessels were essential for Edo period trade in - [Lake Biwa Canal, Otsu, c. 1910-1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/lake-biwa-canal-otsu-c-1910-1920/) - See also: The "Incline Lift" (Sosui Canal), Kyoto, c. 1910 "At Otsu we embarked with our rickshaws in a canal boat bound for Kioto. "This canal is curiously contrived. The waters of Lake Biwa are admitted through a lock, the only one on the whole length of the canal which is constructed at such a - ["In Support of the Imperial Capital Health Education" advertising postcard, Asakusa, Tokyo, 1926.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/in-support-of-the-imperial-capital-health-education-advertising-postcard-asakusa-tokyo-1926/) - See also: “Earthquake photography”, Tokyo, 1923. Earthquake refugee camp on the Imperial Palace plaza, Tokyo, 1923. Aerial view of Shinjuku Gyoen and Nishi-Shinjuku water treatment plant, Tokyo, c. 1960. The 1923 Great Kanto Earthquake and subsequent fires destroyed 350,000 homes in Tokyo and 90% of homes in nearby Yokohama, leaving thousands homeless. The widespread destruction - [Gojira ("Godzilla") origin on the Far East Network (FEN), 1947.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/gojira-godzilla-origin-1947/) - 'MONSTER' IN TOKYO ARMY'S JOKE BROADCAST SCARES AMERICANS AND BRITONS TOKYO, May 28 (UPI) An Army radio station described for a gag today a 'battle' between American soldiers and a 'twenty-foot sea monster' in the streets of Tokyo. The description was so vivid that Gen. Douglas MacArthur was reported to have been fooled, as well - [Boy on Rocking Horse, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/boy-on-rocking-horse-c-1910/) - "An old wooden toy horse I bought from Mr H.A. Ramsden in Tokyo first excited my curiosity. It was so strange, so bold, so amazing. I knew it must have a history, but Mr. Ramsden himself knew nothing about it and his Japanese associates could tell me no more. "Mr. Shimizu gives the name of - [Matthew C. Perry Landing Memorial, Kurihama, c. 1949.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/matthew-c-perry-memorial-kurihama-c-1949/) - The Matthew C. Perry Memorial that was dedicated on July 14, 1901, at the spot where the American naval commodore first landed on July 14, 1853 to deliver the US president's letter and the subsequent Treaty of Peace and Amity. The monument is now the centerpiece of a small seaside park ("Perry Park") at Yokosuka, - ["Christmas Greetings from the Naces", Akita, Japan, 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/christmas-greetings-from-the-naces-yokohama-c-1930/) - See also: Woman’s Foreign Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church, c. 1910. Israel George Nace was born in York County, PA, in 1892. He married Mary Keifer in 1918, and was also ordained a minister of the Evangelical & Reformed Church in America the same year. In 1920, he was chosen as a missionary - [Engakuji Temple, Kamakura, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/engakuji-temple-kamakura-c-1940/) - See also: Daibutsu at Kamakura, c. 1910 Hachiman Temple, Kamakura, c. 1910 "I stood before the great gate at Engakuji. The naked guardians grimaced, the carved eaves stretched above me, the roof soared and touched the pines. I was about to enter the abode of the Buddha, the world of Daruma, the land of Zen. - ["Culture Village", Peace Commemorative Exposition, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1922.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/culture-village-peace-commemorative-exposition-ueno-park-tokyo-1922/) - "Here, the ‘culture house’ is a new style of house, created to bring about an improvement in ways of living and a reduction in construction cost. "If its structure and amenities make it no longer a Western house, neither is it a Japanese house." - “Bunka Jûtaku Amerika-ya”, Jûtaku, May 1922 (Special Edition) See also: - [Tokyo Monorail, c. 1964-70.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-monorail-c-1970/) - See also: Tokyo (Haneda) International Airport "Tokyo will have the world’s first extensive monorail network which will soon criss-cross the city, turning it into a futuristic metropolis where commuters will be whisked across town at tree-top level in a matter of minutes. With a small beginning Tokyo has already become the first city - in - [Fukuoka Industrial Exposition, Kyushu Electric Light & Traction Co. promotional postcard set, Fukuoka, 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/fukuoka-industrial-exposition-kyushu-electric-light-traction-co-promotional-postcard-set-fukuoka-1920/) - See also: Japan Electrical Exhibition, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1918. Evening illuminations, Peace Commemorative Exposition, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1922. Tokyo Exposition for Domestic Industry Promotion in Commemoration of the Great Coronation, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1928. The Fukuoka Industrial Exposition occurred between March 20 - May 20, 1920, organized chiefly by the Kyushu Electric Light & Traction - [Head Office, Tokyo Gas Co., Kanda, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/head-office-tokyo-gas-co-kanda-tokyo-c-1910/) - See also: Marunouchi District, c. 1900-1950. Viscount Shibusawa Eiichi, “Father of Japanese Capitalism”, various postcards, c. 1907-1928. Japan's first gas enterprise was founded in Yokohama in 1872, producing street lighting from manufactured coal gas. The Basamichi district was the first city district in Japan to be artificially lit at night. The Tokyo Prefectural Gas Bureau - [Daiichi Conscription Insurance Co., Ltd., Osaka, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/daiichi-conscription-insurance-co-ltd-c-1930/) - See also: “My family has two coats of armor”, Imperial Life Insurance Co. advertising postcard, c. 1930. Propaganda postcard reproduction of a 35th Army Day poster, March 10, 1940. "Japan’s Conscription Law of 1873 constituted a core element of the military reforms implemented by the Meiji government. The law implied an additional burden in the - [The Bronze Statue of Kusunoki Masashige, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-bronze-statue-of-masashige-kusunoki-tokyo-c-1930/) - "Godaigo Tenno (A.D. 1334) was the Charles I of Japan. His subjects did not indeed cut off his head, but they rose against him under the ambitious leadership of the Ashikaga House, drove him into exile, and set up a rival on the throne. "Like Charles I, he stood for the divine right of the - ["The Girl's Festival" (Hinamatsuri), Kyoto, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/doll-festival-c-1940/) - "There is no festival given in Japan that brings more joy to the hearts of little Japanese girls than the Girls' Doll Festival, Hinamatsuri, for this time their very own. The festival is celebrated each March 3rd and is held according to a set form and the ceremonial arrangement of miniature dolls. "During this day - [South Manchuria Railway Co., c. 1930-1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/south-manchuria-railway-co-c-1930-1940/) - "Japanese imperialism, in its early-1900s advance into Manchuria, chose to assume the form of a railroad company. "The South Manchurian Railway Company (Mantetsu) held its inaugural meeting on 26 November 1905. It had authorized capital to the order of ¥200MM, at the time the largest joint-stock company ever in Japan. "Half the initial capital was - [Kokusai Bunka Shinkōkai (K.B.S.) lecture series, Yokohama, c. 1955.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kokusai-bunka-shinkokai-k-b-s-lecture-series-yokohama-c-1955/) - See also: International House, Azabu, Tokyo, 1968. Kokusai Bunka Shinkokai (K.B.S.) was founded in 1934 under the auspices of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Education, and tasked with "promoting the correct understanding of Japan abroad." Its activities included periodical publications, film productions, lectures, concerts, and academic exchanges. However, during World War - ["Monument of [Hill] 203", Port Arthur, Manchuria, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/monument-of-hill-203-port-arthur-china-c-1910/) - Can we say it was easy to climb 203 Hill? Was it not difficult because men sought their honor? The mountain has changed its shape, covered by iron and blood. We all now equally look up in awe at the mountain where your souls lie. - General Nogi Maresuke from his kanshi poem "Mountain Where - [Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company, New Year's advertising postcard, c. 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/anglo-swiss-condensed-milk-company-new-years-advertising-postcard-c-1905/) - See also: Meiji Merry Brand Sweetened Condensed Milk, c. 1930. Meiji-brand “Cream Caramel” advertising postcard, c. 1935. Japan Postal Service 50th Anniversary commemorative postcards, 1921. Over the course of the Meiji period, in a land sparse of dairy cattle and dairy industry, condensed milk became a popular imported food and a symbol of Western-influenced modernization - [Viscount Shibusawa Eiichi, "Father of Japanese Capitalism", various postcards, c. 1907-1928.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/viscount-shibusawa-eiichi-father-of-japanese-capitalism-various-postcards-c-1907-1928/) - See also: Tokyo Chamber of Commerce, Marunouchi, Tokyo, c. 1910. Peace Commemorative Exposition, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1922. Kobe Chamber of Commerce & Industry, Kobe, c. 1930. "1st Viscount Shibusawa (1840–1931), born Shibusawa Eiichi, was a Japanese industrialist widely known today as the 'father of Japanese capitalism', having introduced Western capitalism to Japan after the Meiji - ["General Grant" tree, Nagasaki, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/general-grant-tree-nagasaki-c-1910/) - "The town people [of Nagasaki] were out in holiday attire to take the air and look out on the bay and stare at the General. After we had made our tour of the fairgrounds the Governor asked General and Mrs. Grant to plant memorial trees. "The species planted by the General was the Ficus religiosa - [The Clay MacCauley Memorial Toro, Mita, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-clay-maccauley-memorial-toro-mita-tokyo-c-1910/) - "[MacCauley's] work in Japan has not been of the type ordinarily described as a missionary endeavor. The motto has been, 'We come not to convert, but to confer.' Our effort has been persistently to bring together the best-of in our two civilizations. "By his knowledge of Japanese, by his Japanese text-books, long and widely used, - [Tokyo Y.M.C.A., c. 1955.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-ymca-c-1955/) - See also: Y.M.C.A., Yokohama, c. 1930 "The first YMCA established in Tokyo in 1880 followed by the establishment of the local YMCAs throughout Japan. In 1901, the National Council of City YMCAs of Japan was formed by 4 local YMCAs (Tokyo, Osaka, Yokohama, and Kobe), and 2 years later, in 1903 the National Council of - ["Back to the soil", c. 1950. (Colorized)](https://www.oldtokyo.com/back-to-the-soil-c-1950-colorized/) - "Another vivid memory of early Japan was the 'honey bucket' patrols. Some trucks but mostly slow moving wagons pulled by oxen. "There was no central sewer system so the use of 'out houses with buckets' was the norm. Every morning collectors would make their rounds, picking up the buckets filled with human waste. These vehicles - [Miyako Hotel, Kyoto, c. 1910-1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/miyako-hotel-kyoto-c-1910/) - See also: Veranda View of Kyoto, Miyako Hotel, c. 1910-1920 "The Miyako Hotel is a celebrated and popular hostelry, in an attractive garden on the slope of Higashi-yama in the NE quarter of the city, high above the city and out of reach of the disastrous fires which sometimes sweep the business section. "[The hotel] - [Yodobashi (Shinjuku), Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yodobashi-tokyo-c-1910/) - The area west of Shinjuku Station was historically known as Yodobashi, on an elevated plateau separating the High City [Yamanote] land from Tokyo's Low City [Shitamachi]. The area first came into prominence as one of the stations along the Koshu-Kaido, one of the five major highways of the feudal period. It remained largely rural on - [In the Rain of Arashiyama, Kyoto, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/in-the-rain-of-arashiyama-kyoto-c-1910/) - See also: “Shooting the Hozu rapids” on the Hozu River, Kyoto, c. 1920. "'Temples!' said a man from Calcutta, some hours later, as I raved about what I had seen. 'Temples! I'm sick of temples! If I've seen one, I've seen fifty thousand of 'em, all exactly alike. But I tell you what is exciting. - [Nakajima E8N, "Dave", c. 1935-45.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nakajima-e8n-c-1935-45/) - "1st Lt. F.P. Weldy and his wingman, 2nd Lt. C.K. Jackson, spotted six Daves approaching the ship from starboard. The floatplanes were from a group of twenty-eight that had taken off from the Ibusuki Naval Air Station [near Kagoshima] earlier that day. Their slow speed and low altitude made it difficult for the speedy CAP - [Siberian Intervention commemorative postcard, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/siberian-intervention-commemorative-postcard-c-1920/) - See also: “Japanese troops passing Czech headquarters in inter-Allied parade”, Vladivostok, Russia, c. 1920. "The Siberian Intervention [1918-1922] was perceived by many Japanese to be the acid test of whether it might be possible to accommodate themselves to the trends of the times brought forth by the new world situation. Naturally this had both a - [Japanese curry, Officer's mess, Battleship Mikasa, 1904.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japanese-curry-officers-mess-battleship-mikasa-c-1906/) - See also: IJN Battleship Mikasa, c. 1910 "The story of curry is emblematic of the early days of colonialism, and the beginnings of what we now simply refer to as globalization. Academics claim that people may have been eating curries as far back as 2,500 B.C., and that it has addictive properties. "The roots of - [Yamato Hotel, Dairen, Manchuria, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yamato-hotel-dairen-manchuria-c-1930/) - "The Yamato Hotel, under the management of the South Manchuria Railway Company, is one of the finest hotels in the Far East. Entirely fire-proof. Heated by hot water, steam and hot air throughout the building. 115 rooms; single, double or en suite, with private bath and lavatory. Telephones in rooms. Otis electric lifts. Electric clocks. - ["Hard boiling seller", oden street vendor, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hard-boiling-seller-oden-street-vendor-c-1920/) - See also: Soba culture, c. 1910. “Eating with chopsticks”, c. 1910. Public nutrition campaign, c. 1930. "Oden is a type of nabemono (Japanese one-pot dishes, e.g. shabu-shabu, sukiyaki and chankonabe), consisting of several ingredients such as boiled eggs, daikon (Japanese radish), konnyaku (yam cake), and processed fishcakes stewed in a light, soy-flavored dashi (kombu or - [I.J.N. O-5 (former SM UC-99) war prize submarine, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/i-j-n-o-5-former-sm-uc-99-war-prize-submarine-c-1920/) - "After the war [in 1918] when Japanese shipbuilding facilities were considerably modernized and relations with Anglo-American powers were in some respects becoming strained, the arrival of seven German U-boats [as war prizes] offered a special opportunity. Some Japanese believed that they could help redress the naval imbalance by changing the character of their submarine force - [Otokonoko ("young boy") sumo "wrestler", c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/otokonoko-young-boy-sumo-wrestler-c-1910/) - "Sumo, the Japanese wrestling, is said to date back to the 3rd century B.C., and originally was often employed as a sort of divine judgment, each wrestler representing one of the contending parties. "It later became one of the military arts, but finally developed into a purely professional sport, the two main 'camps' of organized - [Steam freight locomotive (6700-Class/6760-series), c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/steam-freight-locomotive-6700-class-6760-series-c-1920/) - See also: J.G.R./J.N.R. Steam Locomotive Evolution, 1872-1948. C55 Streamlined Locomotive and Mt. Fuji, c. 1940. Tokaido Main Line Railway, c. 1930. "The Class 6700 was a domestically-produced passenger locomotive designed by Ota Yoshimatsu. The concept of this locomotive had been planned as early as 1906 when the Japan Government Railway (JGR) wanted a standardized locomotive - ["Gekimetsu" ("Annihilation") motion picture advertising postcards, 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/gekimetsu-annihilation-motion-picture-advertising-postcards-1930/) - See also: Battle of Tsushima Straits propaganda postcard, Russo-Japanese War, 1905. “This is the Japanese greatest admiral …”, Admiral Togo, 1906. “Tokyo Matsuri” advertising postcard, 1933. "In 1930, Nikkatsu Studios released a movie on the Battle of Tsushima in the Russo-Japanese War. Titled Gekimetsu (撃滅), it was written by Viscount Ogasawara Naganari. "Viscount Ogasawara (1867–1958) - [I.J.N. battleship "Mikasa", c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ijn-battleship-mikasa-c-1910/) - See also: Battle of Tsushima Straits propaganda postcard, Russo-Japanese War, 1905. Memorial battleship “Mikasa”, Yokosuka, c. 1930. “This is the Japanese greatest admiral …”, Admiral Togo, 1906. Japanese curry, Officer’s mess, Battleship Mikasa, c. 1906. "The great Naval Battle of the Japan Sea which was fought and won by Japan has few parallels in the - [The "Incline Lift", Kyoto, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-incline-lift-kyoto-c-1910/) - See also: Lake Biwa Canal, Otsu, c. 1910-1920 Opening of the Kyoto electric streetcar system (1895) commemorative postcard, c. 1905. "Transportation and civil engineering are other areas where Kyoto has shown great innovation. A canal built in 1890 to connect the city to Lake Biwa and supply it with hydroelectric power attracted worldwide attention in - [Shirokiya Department Store, c. 1910-1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/shirokiya-department-store/) - See also: Shirokiya Department Store advertising postcard, Nihonbashi, Tokyo, c. 1930. Mitsukoshi Department Store, c. 1903-1923 "In speaking of the retail merchants of Tokyo mention should be made of Shirokiya Dry Goods Co., which was established in 1651. There are manufacturers and dealers in all kinds of silks, satins and brocades. "This is one of - [Suidobashi, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/suidobashi-tokyo-c-1910/) - "She agreed to help me, but on one condition. I must throw away the necklace, and she must be witness to the act. Since it was nothing to me, I agreed. "The two of us went to the bridge in front of the Suidobashi Station. I took it off and handed it to her, and - [Karuizawa Union Church, Karuizawa, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/karuizawa-union-church-karuizawa-c-1910/) - See also: Karuizawa, c. 1920 “Play Ground in Karuizawa”, c. 1930. Swimming at the Seven Slope Pond, Karuizawa, c. 1930. Imperial Wedding, 1959. "Though Karuizawa was the Road Station in Edo Period (1600-1867) when Shogun had had dominant power all over Japan, it was only a small village early in Meiji Period (1868-1912) because the - [Futaba-kai School, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/futabakai-school-tokyo-c-1910/) - See also: Girls Normal School, Ochanozmizu, c. 1910. The Peers’ School, Tokyo, c. 1910. The 1st Higher School, Tokyo, c. 1910. "The Sisters of St. Maur, who went to Japan in the 1870s, remain active there today ... They continue to run respected schools in Japan, such as the Futaba school in the Kojimachi area - [Army Air Defense Drill propaganda postcard set, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/army-air-defense-drill-propaganda-postcard-set-c-1935/) - See also: “War tuba”, acoustic detection array, c. 1935. “Anytime!!” Preparations for invasion, propaganda postcard, 1945. "Civil defense organizations were first established as early as 1928 in the six large cities of Japan, and some air-raid drills were held at that time. The public response was apathetic [and subsequent] civil defense activity was practically neglected - ["The Power of Naval Gunfire", Imperial Japanese Navy propaganda postcard, 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-power-of-naval-gunfire-imperial-japanese-navy-propaganda-postcard-1935/) - "In this early summer season, I am pleased to hear of your continued good health. I am well and diligently performing my duties, so please do not worry about me. With deep loyalty, I strive to fulfill my duties as a member of the Imperial Navy, praying for the prosperity and strength of our Empire’s - [O-hanami gathering of a "chindonya" troupe at Asukayama, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/o-hanami-gathering-of-a-chindonya-troupe-at-asukayama-tokyo-c-1910/) - "Brilliant is the career of the cherry-bloom, glorious is the life it pursues. But more brilliant and more glorious is the end it faces. "For the bloom tarries not till its beauty fades, its fame departs. It lingers not on the branch till its stalk is rotten. "... [T]he blossom of the sakura falls, leaving - ["Shooting the Hozu rapids" on the Hozu River, Kyoto, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/shooting-the-hozu-rapids-on-the-hozu-river-kyoto-c-1920/) - See also: “The Hodzu Rapids”, Kyoto, c. 1910. Fishing at Hozu River, Kyoto, c. 1910. The Hozugawa River was originally employed to transport logs that were used to build many of Kyoto and Osaka's famous temples and castles. During the Edo Period the river was cleared of obstructions so that boats carrying grain, firewood and - ["Buying New Year's decorations", c .1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/buying-new-year-decorations-c-1920/) - "In January a festive spirit sweeps throughout the land. The New Year's celebration is part and parcel of the heritage of every Japanese. It is the festival of festivals. "During the first few weeks of the New Year, Japan is gay with the spirit of celebration. Kadomatsu stand before the entrances of various establishments. This - [Akasaka Mitsuke New Year's Greeting, 1909.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/akasaka-mitsuke-new-years-greeting-1909/) - A New Years' greeting written over an image of streetcars rolling past a former daimyo estate. At the base of the hill is a collection of village residences and teahouses that would grow into one of Tokyo's popular entertainment districts. In the 1970s, when I lived in Tokyo, it would become the locale of the - [Kewpie Dolls, Mochi & Mikan New Year's card, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kewpie-dolls-mochi-mikan-new-years-card-c-1920/) - With winsome impish smile The Kewpie Dolls beguile All little folks (and "grown ups" blue) Whose hearts they'll win and keep them too 'Tis said when cross folks learn the art Of smiling Kewpie-like by heart They give that little smile away A million times or more each day. - From a Kaufman's Department Store - ["Year of the Horse" ("Uma"), New Year's postcards, 1906-1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/year-of-the-horse-uma-new-years-postcards-1906-1920/) - Born 2026, 2014, 2002, 1990, 1978, 1966, 1954, 1942, 1930, 1918, 1906 "The horse is the seventh symbol in the Japanese Zodiac. In the past, horses and people lived and worked side by side, and their mighty bodies and their power made them the symbol of 'life'. This sign represents 'liveliness' and 'openness'. "People born - [Keijyo, Chosen (Seoul, Korea) Electric Power Co., advertising postcard, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/keijyo-seoul-electric-power-co-advertising-postcard-c-1920/) - "Before 1900 Korea had a relatively backward agricultural economy. For centuries most Koreans lived as subsistence farmers of rice and other grains and satisfied most of their basic needs through their own labor or through barter. The manufacturing of traditional Korean wares -- principally cloth, cooking and eating utensils, furniture, jewelry, and paper -- were - [Uji-gawa Electric Power Co., Shizugawa Generating Station, Uji City, Kyoto Prefecture, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/uji-gawa-electric-power-co-shizugawa-generating-station-uji-city-kyoto-prefecture-c-1920/) - See also: Japan Electrical Exhibition, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1918. Osaka Electrical Exhibition, Osaka, 1926. "In the mid-Meiji period, industrialization in Japan progressed against the backdrop of [modernization] and the demand for electricity also increased. At the time, electricity was mainly supplied by thermal [fossil-fuel] power plants in large urban areas where there was demand, but - [Aizuya Honten Lacquerware Wholesaler, New Year's advertising postcard, Nihonbashi, Tokyo, c. 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/aizuya-honten-lacquerware-wholesaler-new-years-advertising-postcard-nihonbashi-tokyo-c-1905/) - "Mr. Rikichi Okada is the owner of the Aizuya Honten and has long been known as maker of lacquerware. "It was in April, 1887 that he opened his store at the present locality [in Nihonbashi] and since then his business has steadily grown in prosperity. "Formerly, Mr. Okada was engaged in [both] the manufacture and - ["Hōkā"-brand toiletries advertising postcard, 1917.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kao-brand-hoka-sweet-hair-care-products-advertising-postcard-1917/) - See also: “Modern Shampoo” advertising postcard, c. 1935. “Club Washing Powder” advertising postcards, c. 1910. "With the introduction of Western civilization in our country, foreign-made toilet articles rapidly superceded Japanese articles and, for a time, the people entirely depended upon foreign supplies for their daily toilet necessities. "... The toilet goods turned out by Japanese - [Mitsukoshi Gofukuten advertising postcards, c. 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mitsukoshi-gofukuten-advertising-postcards-c-1905/) - See also: Mitsukoshi Department Store, Nihonbashi, c. 1903-1923. Roof Garden, Mitsukoshi Department Store, Tokyo, c. 1930. Nozawa & Bros. department store, Yokohama, c. 1940. Mitsukoshi Gofukuten [Department Store] helped revolutionize Japanese advertising by transitioning from traditional chindonya and nishiki-e to modern retail advertising, exemplified by the company's 1905 "Department Store Declaration" and the establishment soon-thereafter - [Limited express "Uzushio" promotional postcard, Osaka-Uno, 1961.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/limited-express-uzushio-promotional-postcard-osaka-uno-1961/) - See also: J.N.R. Tokaido Main Line Limited Express commemorative advertising postcard, October 1958. Kyoto-Matsue “Matsukaze” express train advertising postcard, 1961. "Uzushio" [Whirlpool] was a limited-express operated by the Japan National Railroad (J.N.R.) connecting Osaka to Uno with onward ferry connections to Takamatsu, Shikoku (near the Naruto whirlpools, hence the name). Service was introduced in 1961 - [Kabuki actor Ichimura Kamezoh III, c. 1915.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kabuki-actor-ichimura-kamezoh-iii-c-1915/) - See also: Kabuki stage makeup (kumadori), c. 1930. How Faubion Bowers Saved Kabuki. Ichimura Kamezō III, also known as Kamezoh III, was a prominent kabuki actor active around the early 20th century, particularly noted for his performances in the 1910s. He settled in Tôkyô in 1907 and was adopted by Ichimura Uzaemon XV. By taking - ["Contrivance of Yasukuni-jinja", Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/contrivance-of-yasukuni-jinja-tokyo-c-1920/) - See also: Yasukuni Shrine at Kudan, Tokyo, c. 1910 Garden of Yasukunijinsha, Tokyo, c. 1910. con-tri-vance, n. a clever device or object that has been invented for a particular purpose. "Kintaro ('Golden Boy') is a folk hero from Japanese folklore. A child of superhuman strength, he was raised by a yama-uba ('mountain witch') on Mount - ["Exclusive Sale - SPIEL Powder" cleanser advertising postcard, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/exclusive-sale-spiel-powder-cleanser-advertising-postcard-c-1930/) - “Honored customers, Spiel Powder is an effective and easy way to wash away all dirt and oil. It works wonderfully in households, on ships, and in factories. Removes stubborn grease with ease, leaving everything sparkling clean. We are pleased to recommend it with confidence.” See also: “Club Washing Powder” advertising postcards, c. 1910. “Modern Shampoo” - [Commodore Perry and the "Expedition to Japan" (1853) souvenir postcards, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/commodore-perry-and-the-expedition-to-japan-1853-souvenir-postcards-c-1920/) - See also: Matthew C. Perry Landing Memorial, Kurihama, c. 1949. Commodore Perry negotiating at Ryosenji Temple in 1854, Shimoda, c. 1930. "On a July day in 1853, Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry of the United States Navy arrived at Yedo, now Tokyo, Bay. He carried with him a letter from the President of the United States - ["Snowy day in the mountains", c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/snowy-day-in-the-mountains-c-1930/) - See also: Skiers, Japan Alps, c. 1940. “Ski”, Takada (Joetsu), Japan, c. 1915. "In Japan during recent years the number of ski-runners in Japan has greatly increased, as skiing is considered the best winter sport, especially among the school boys. "The Tokyo Ski Club, which lies its head office in the Japan Tourist Bureau, is - [Meiji (Tokyo) Industrial Exhibition, Ueno Park, 1907.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/meiji-industrial-exhibition-ueno-park-1907/) - "The Tokyo Exhibition in Uyeno Park, occupying the former site of the Monzeki Temple was formally opened on Wednesday ... The ceremony of Wednesday was attended by some ten thousand invited guests and was witnessed by large crowds of the public who had gathered in the vicinity. Among the notabilities present were Princes and Princesses - [Central Post Office, Marunouchi, Tokyo, c. 1933.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/central-post-office-marunouchi-c-1931/) - See also: Central Post Office, Tokyo, c. 1935. Tokyo Station, c. 1914-1940 Marunouchi Building "In contrast to embracing discredited Nationalist doctrines, the 1930s also saw other major economies applying an industrial rationalism. A number of architects had trained under Walter Gropius preparing reconstruction in the International Style. "Some courageous designers aspired to greater objectivity and - [Hakone Mountain Electric Railway Co., c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hakone-mountain-electric-railway-co-c-1930/) - See also: Mt. Fuji and Lake Hakone Railway Access and Bus Routes, c. 1930 “Abt system railway at Usui Pass”, Karuizawa, c. 1910. Hot Spring Tea House at Tonosawa, c. 1920 Miyanoshita Village, Hakone, c. 1910 "[The] building of the Hakone Tozan Tetsudo illustrates why the potential offered by the new technology of electric traction - [Miyanoshita Village, Hakone, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/miyanoshita-village-hakone-c-1910/) - See also: Fujiya Hotel, Miyanoshita Kaikatei Hotel, Hakone, c. 1910. Hakone Mountain Electric Railway Co., c. 1930. "Arrived at the village, we girded our loins, and refusing the aid of jinrikishas beyond hiring one for our handbags, we commenced our climb of 1,200 feet to the famous village of Miyanoshita. "Some may say that it - [Duncan Academy, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/duncan-academy-tokyo-c-1910/) - "The great event of the term was, of course, the visit of Mrs. Safford and Mrs. Robert Harris [sister of the Rev. Samuel Duncan, for whom the school was named]. Mrs. Harris is a benefactor not only in material and financial affairs, but also in spiritual matters. "... She left us with a most appropriate - [Sumo wrestler Hitachiyama, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hitachiyama-c-1910/) - "Advocates of Hitachiyama's greatness were not content to leave it at a single assertion. Recurring evaluations of the origins and continuing basis of his fame almost invariably cited three things to justify claims of greatness: his achievements and skills as a wrestler, his excelled physique and strength, and his dignified character. "What tied these elements - [Zōjyō-ji Temple, Shiba Park, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/zojoji-temple-c-1910/) - "Zōjyō-ji Temple is a large temple in central Tokyo that is the Great Main Temple of the Chinzei branch of Jōdo-shū Buddhism, and is also home to the graves of 6 of the 15 Tokugawa Shoguns who ruled Japan during the Edo-era. The temple was once a large sprawling complex of 200 acres that housed - [Royal Carriage Departure, Tokyo Station, 1924.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/royal-carriage-departure-tokyo-station-1924/) - See also: The Wedding of Crown Prince Hirohito & Princess Nagako, 1924. "In 1924, Hirohito, still a regent, married Kuni-no-miya Nagako, daughter of a collateral house of the imperial family. As was appropriate at the time, the marriage between Hirohito and Nagako was arranged by formal introduction rather than being a 'love match'. "Emperor Hirohito - [Asakusa Rokku (Theater Street), Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/asakusa-rokku-theater-street-c-1930/) - See also: Asakusa Rokku (Theatre Street), 1910-1950 Hanayashiki, Asakusa Park, c. 1920 Asakusa Park, c. 1910 "... The fascination with cinema [in Japan] was no less than in the West. Accordingly, many Japanese picture theatres adopted ornate facades after the fashion of the West where, of course, exotic facades were both advertisement and street-set. "Old - [Matsuzakya Department Store, Ginza.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/matsuzakya-department-store-ginza/) - See also: Matsuzakaya (Ueno) department store, Ueno, c. 1907-1940 "With its opening in December 1924, Matsuzakaya Ginza became the first department store established in Ginza. (Matsuya would open their Ginza branch in 1927; Mitsukoshi in 1930; the original Hattori/Wako store, in business since 1890, sold primarily clocks and other timepieces until its reopening in 1932.) - [Matsuya Department Store, Ginza.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/matsuya-department-store-ginza/) - See also: Matsuya Department Store & Tobu Railway, c. 1930 Japanese Department Stores, c. 1930. "The department stores located along the stretch between Nihonbashi and the Ginza attracted people from both near and far, and their very presence contributed to the hub of activity and crowds of people. What really contributed to the area's popularity, - [C55 Streamlined Locomotive and Mt. Fuji, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/c55-streamlined-locomotive-c-1940/) - See also: J.G.R./J.N.R. Steam Locomotive Evolution, 1872-1948. J.N.R. Tokaido Main Line Limited Express commemorative advertising postcard, October 1958. "Streamlining was tried on the Japanese Government Railways in 1934 on one of the C53 class 'Pacific' type locomotives. The experience gained was so satisfactory that a new series of locomotives has been designed and built on - [Temperance Movement in Japan postcards, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/temperance-movement-in-japan-postcards-c-1920/) - "The Japanese, when intoxicated, are seldom quarrelsome. They sing, dance, and are jolly rather than ugly." - "Japan and Its Regeneration", by Dr. Otis Cary, 1908 Although Japan did not enact a nationwide prohibition on alcohol as did the United States, public health campaigns and civil society groups (especially women’s organizations) played a key role - [Polytamin (blood supplement) Tonic advertising postcard, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/polytamin-blood-supplement-tonic-advertising-postcard-c-1920/) - See also: “Dr. Sheldon’s Magnetic Liniment”, Kyobashi Restaurant, Kyobashi, Tokyo, c. 1905. Bijin & Elixir, c. 1910. Polytamin was a popular Japanese patent medicine sold during the late Taishō and early Shōwa periods, roughly between the 1920s and the outbreak of World War II. The tonic was produced in China, imported and distributed in Japan - [15th International Conference of the Red Cross commemorative postcard and stamps, Tokyo, 1934.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/15th-international-conference-of-the-red-cross-commemorative-postcard-and-stamps-tokyo-1934/) - See also: Japan Red Cross Society commemorative postcard, c. 1937. "That the red cross emblem might be construed as having some religious significance was certainly contrary to what the founders of the Red Cross movement or the States party to the original Geneva Convention of 1864 had wished ... Indeed, the Red Cross Convention was - [The Japan Society for the Preservation of Historic Sites, Tokyo, 1911.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-japan-society-for-the-preservation-of-historic-sites-places-of-scenic-beauty-and-natural-monuments-tokyo-1911/) - See also: Himeji Castle, c. 1920. The Temple of the 33,333 images of Kwannon, Sanjūsangen-dō, Kyoto, c. 1920. Kiyomizu Temple, Ueno, c. 1910. "In pre-modern Japan, the idea of management or protection of cultural heritage by the state (by today's definition) did not exist. "Cultural heritage was the private property of court nobles, including the - ["Budō-Seru” ("Grape-Cell") silk advertising postcard, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/budo-seru-grape-cell-silk-advertising-postcard-c-1930/) - See also: Kimono fashion, c. 1910. “The new spring designs of Grape-Cell silk fabric have arrived. "With the radiant spring of the Shōwa era, these bright and elegant colors and patterns are most fitting. They are designs sure to delight everyone.” “Moreover, Grape-Cell fabric has been completely treated to be insect-proof. Its usefulness cannot be - ["Earthquake photography", Tokyo, 1923.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/earthquake-photography-1923/) - See also: 1923 Great Kanto Earthquake Post-earthquake Bridge Construction, Tokyo, c. 1932. Showa Emperor Tours Rebuilt Tokyo, 1930. Earthquake refugee camp on the Imperial Palace plaza, Tokyo, 1923. "Newspapers provided recent information on the disaster, and magazines were able to explore issues in more depth, but their poor durability made them less desirable as permanent - [Imperial Japanese Navy Battlecruiser "Hiei", 1933.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-navy-battlecruiser-hiei-1933/) - See also: Imperial Japanese Navy Cruiser "Soya", c. 1910 Imperial Japanese Navy Battleship "Nagato", c. 1925 Imperial Japanese Navy Battleship "Fuso", c. 1935 "Hiei [named for Mount Hiei, near Kyoto] was a warship of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War I and World War II. Designed by British naval architect George Thurston, she was - [Mampei Hotel, Tokyo, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mampei-hotel-tokyo-c-1940/) - See also: Mampei Hotel, Karuizawa, c. 1940. Hilltop Hotel, Kanda, Tokyo, c. 1960. (Translated from the postcard image above) Location: Tokyo City Kojimachi Ward, Hankacho 6-chome, 6-banchi Distance: 5 minutes by car from Tokyo Station 3 minutes walk from streetcar Hirakawacho Station Facilities: 70 Western-style guest rooms Banquet facilities for large and small meetings available - [Fukuin ("Good News") Maru, Inland Sea, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/fukuin-good-news-maru-inland-sea-c-1910/) - "You would be delighted with the Fukuin Maru, the Gospel Ship of the Inland Sea of Japan, the only ship of its kind afloat among the hundreds of islands and the million and a half of people of this fascinating part of the world and our Family possession. "As long as I live, I shall - ["“Domestic and International Communications Network" advertising postcard, Tokyo Nichi Nichi Shimbun, Tokyo, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/domestic-and-international-communications-network-advertising-postcard-tokyo-nichi-nichi-shimbun-tokyo-c-1940/) - See also: Tokyo Nichi Nichi Shimbun (Newspaper), Yurakucho, c. 1930. “How Newspapers Come to Be”, Tokyo Asashi Shimbun operations postcard series, c. 1935. The Tokyo Nichi Nichi Shimbun, founded in 1872, was part of the Mainichi Newspapers Company, effectively serving as the Tokyo edition of the Osaka Mainichi Shimbun. Together, they operated as a major - [Roseta hoter [sic], Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/rosetta-hotel-tokyo-c-1910/) - "Mr. M. Oshiro, the proprietor of the Oshiro Steamship Co., Tokyo, and some other business men, intend to purchase the Rosetta Maru and to convert her to a floating hotel. The ship will be anchored in Yokohama and sometimes in Shinagawa." - The Japan Weekly Mail, January 26, 1907 Global tourism one-hundred years ago was - [War prize German submarines, Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/war-prize-german-submarines-yokosuka-c-1920/) - See also: I.J.N. O-5 (former SM UC-99) war prize submarine, c. 1920. Imperial Japanese Navy Ro-29 class commerce raider submarine, c. 1930. “The submarine’s onslaught in angry seas.” I.J.N. Submarine Ro-33, c. 1935. "As part of the Imperial Japanese Navy's quest to become a modern fighting force, naval leaders decided in May 1904, three months - [11th Olympic Winter Games, Sapporo Torch Relay commemorative postcard, 1972.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/11th-olympic-winter-games-sapporo-torch-relay-commemorative-postcard-1972/) - Postcard reverse: 11th Olympic Winter Games, Sapporo Torch Relay "The Olympic Torch, lit at the Temple of Hera at Olympia, Greece, on December 28, 1971, is to be borne by air to Tokyo reaching there on first day of the new year, 1972. "The Torch leaves Tokyo on January 2, 1972, carried in relays by - [Kyoto-Matsue "Matsukaze" express train advertising postcard, 1961.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kyoto-matsue-matsukaze-express-advertising-postcard-1961/) - See also: Lafcadio Hearn’s home, Matsue, Japan, c. 1950. Yomega Island, Lake Shinji, Matsue, c. 1920. J.N.R. Limited Express commemorative advertising postcard, October 1958. "The "Matsukaze" express train was a popular limited express service that began operating between Kyoto and Matsue in the early 1960s. Launched in 1961, the "Matsukaze" ['Pine Wind'] provided a convenient - [On the road from Atami to Ito, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/on-the-road-from-atami-to-ito-c-1930/) - "Ito can be reached from Atami by train. But it is a thrilling experience to make a 50-minute motor drive along the road constructed by cutting the cliffs. From the late autumn to early winter orchards on the hills at the back of the town become resplendent with golden oranges. "... Ito has also a - [High school class excurision to the Miura peninsula in line outside Zushi Station, Zushi, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/high-school-class-excurision-to-the-miura-peninsula-in-line-outside-zushi-station-zushi-c-1910/) - See also: “The seashore of Zushi”, Miura Peninsula, near Tokyo, c. 1925. Hayama Beach, Kamakura, c. 1910. Kamakura Station, c. 1910. “All the staff and students of Kinjo Girls’ School”, Nagoya, c. 1920. “Student at Tokyo Army Aviation School” propaganda postcard, c. 1940. "Shūgaku ryokō [school excursions] were originally established by Tokyo Normal School, a - [Takarazuka Revue advertising postcards, Tokyo, 1936-1938.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/takarazuka-revue-advertising-postcards-tokyo-1936-1938/) - See also: Takarazuka Gekijo (Theater), Tokyo Takarazuka Revue, “Parisette”, c. 1930. Takarazuka Hotel, Takarazuka Baths & the Takarazuka Grand Theatre, Takarazuka, c. 1920-1930. Tokyo-Takazaruka Eiga K.K. (Tokyo-Takarazuka Motion Picture Co.) studio, c. 1938. "The all-female Takarazuka Revue was founded in the hot springs resort of Takarazuka by Kobayashi Ichizo (1873-1957), the Hankyu railroad-and-department store tycoon - [J.N.R. Tokaido Main Line Limited Express commemorative advertising postcard, October 1958.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/j-n-r-limited-express-commemorative-advertising-postcard-october-1958/) - See also: Tokaido Main Line “Kodama”, c. 1960. C55 Streamlined Locomotive and Mt. Fuji, c. 1940. Tokaido Main Line Railway, c. 1930. "On July 21, 1959, the M.U. electric streamliner Kodama set the world's narrow-gauge speed record by dashing down the Tokaido Line at 101 mph during special tests. "The object of the [test] was - ["Hall of Long Life", Hoshi Onsen Chōjukan, Minakami-machi, Gunma Prefecture, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hall-of-long-life-hoshi-onsen-chojukan-minakami-machi-gunma-prefecture-c-1920/) - See also: Onsen (hot springs) culture. Dogo Onsen, Matsuyama (Iyo District), Ehime, Shikoku, c. 1910. Izu Funabara Onsen postcard series, Izu City, Shizuoka, c. 1930. Chōjukan ryokan (inn) at Hōshi Onsen, first built in the 19th century, is known for its remote, old-style wooden architecture, and association with health and longevity (hence the accompanying name - [Yachiyobashi, Miyanoshita, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yachiyobashi-miyanoshita-c-1910/) - See also: Mikawaya ryokan, Yotsuya-Hakone, c. 1920. "About a mile distant north of Kowakidani, we reach the thermal spring of Kiga, situated on the bank of a small stream called Hayakawa which rises some distance north of the north bend of Lake Ashi and flows the south east direction through the mountain ranges. "The surrounding: - [Murasugi Radium Hot Springs advertising postcard, Niigata, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/murasugi-radium-hot-springs-advertising-postcard-niigata-c-1920/) - "My motivation for discovering and announcing that the spring within the precincts of Murasugi Yakushi-do contained a large quantity of radium emanation began in March of the second year of the Taisho era [CE 1913]. "... Circling the village, ancient cedars and pines stand tall. The entire post station comprises forty-three households. Most operate hot - [Sea and Sky Exposition, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sea-and-sky-exposition-ueno-park-tokyo-1930/) - See also: Battle of Tsushima Straits propaganda postcard, Russo-Japanese War, 1905. Memorial battleship “Mikasa”, Yokosuka, c. 1930. The Sea and Sky Exposition was open from March 20 thru May 31, 1930, at Ueno Park, Tokyo, marking the 25th anniversary of Japan’s victory at the Battle of the Japan Sea (Tsushima) during the Russo-Japanese War, combining - ["Breaking through the barrier" propaganda postcard, Yànménguān (Yanmen) Pass, Shanxi Province, China, 1937.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/breaking-through-the-barrier-propaganda-postcard-yanmenguan-yanmen-pass-shanxi-province-china-1937/) - See also: “Assault on Taiyuan Castle”, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 1937. “The Battle of the Railway Corps”, 2nd Sino-Japanese War, c. 1940. The Battle of Yànménguān, fought in October 1937, was one of the larger early campaigns of the Second Sino-Japanese War. After the Marco Polo Bridge Incident in July 1937, Japan advanced rapidly through northern - [Special Military Exercises propaganda postcards, Kanto Plain, Tokyo, 1934.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/special-military-exercises-kanto-plain-tokyo-1934/) - "[T]here were winds of change blowing with regard to the operational concepts within Imperial Army Aviation in 1934. Concepts were introduced to attach more importance to offensive counterair than to a strictly ground support-centered mission. "For the first time, the Imperial Army adopted the idea of 'aerial exterminating action' in the 'Airman Drill Book' compiled - [Asahi Shimbun (Newspaper) building, c. 1940, at Sukiyabashi.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/asahi-shimbun-newspaper-c-1940/) - See also: Asahi Shimbun Building, c. 1930 Sukiyabashi, c. 1910 Aerial Views of Tokyo, c. 1930-1940 Tokyo-London World Record Flight, 1937 "[O]utstanding buildings continued to concentrate near bridges even after the 1930s, as if to capture the story of these spaces for themselves; the result, as we have seen, is the bridgeside plaza. "... From - [Kimono fashion, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kimono-fashion-c-1910/) - See also: Shirokiya Department Store Changing fashion (Western dress), c. 1910. "The kimono is the Japanese dress par excellence. It is a loose fitting garment, with wide sleeves, folded over in front so as to be double-breasted. It reaches the ankles and is generally worn unlined in summer, lined in spring and autumn, and wadded - [Crown Prince Hirohito's Tour of Europe, 1921.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/crown-prince-hirohitos-tour-of-europe-1921/) - See also: Crown Prince Hirohito’s Return to Japan from Europe, 1921. Edward Prince of Wale’s visit to Japan, 1922. Anglo-Japanese Alliance, c. 1905 "While Hirohito's European sojourn thus marked another important symbol of Japan's new status as a world power, it focused, in particular, upon the most critical immediate lesson of [World War I]. As - [Great Japan Technology Exposition, Okayama, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/great-japan-technology-exposition-okayama-c-1930/) - See also: “The Exposition of the Shining Japan” advertising postcard, Hyogo, 1936. Japan-Manchuria Great Industrial Exposition, Toyama Prefecture, 1936. Exposition celebrating the 70th anniversary of the “Meiji Assembly”, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1938. "By the time of the interwar boom in industrial fairs, Japanese had developed a long experience with exhibitions. "As a study of international - [20th National Junior High School Championship Baseball Tournament (Summer Koshien), Nishinomiya, 1934.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/20th-national-junior-high-school-championship-baseball-tournament-summer-koshien-nishinomiya-1934/) - See also: Meiji Jingu Base-Ball Ground, c. 1930. Keio University vs. University of Chicago, 1915 The 1934 National High School Baseball Championship at Koshien Stadium in Nishinomiya (then still a relatively new venue, built in 1924) was the 20th summer tournament and is remembered as one of the most dramatic early editions of the event. - [Iidabashi near Kagurazaka, Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/iidabashi-near-kagurazaka-tokyo-c-1920/) - See also: Kagurazaka, Tokyo, c. 1910. Tokyo Arsenal, Koshikawa, Tokyo, c. 1920. Chuo Rapid Line (neé Kobu Line), Tokyo, c. 1910. "Of all of the districts in Tokyo, it is Kagurazaka that is seen as still possessing the kind of narrow streets the city had in the past. "... During the first half of the - ["Pine Tree Avenue", Takasaki, Miyazaki Prefecture, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/pine-tree-avenue-takasaki-miyazaki-prefecture-c-1910/) - In 1604, Ieyasu, the first Tokugawa Shogun, decreed to his provincial magistrate, Okugo Nagayasu, that the Gokaido (the five main highways, e.g., Tokaido, Nakasendo, etc.) be lined with pine trees. The resulting "pine tree avenues", oft-depicted in ukiyo-e, were planted by the hundreds along the main highway shoulders to protect travelers from wind and snow - [Entrance to the Inyama Mine, Joban Coal Field, Fukushima, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/entrance-to-the-inyama-mine-joban-coal-field-fukushima-c-1920/) - See also: Kosaka Copper Mine, Kosaka, Akita Prefecture, c. 1920. Gifu Prefectural Museum of Natural Resources, Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture, 1908. (Colorized) Many of Japan's larger and better known mineral mines date back to the early centuries of the Common Era. The impetus for mining Japan came about with the growth of Buddhism, A. D. - ["Snake Princess" (Hebihime-sama), Toho Movie Studios promotional postcard, 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/snake-princess-hebihime-sama-toho-movie-studios-promotional-postcard-1940/) - See also: Tokyo-Takazaruka Eiga K.K. (Tokyo-Takarazuka Motion Picture Co.) studio, c. 1938. “Tokyo Matsuri” advertising postcard, 1933. “Gekimetsu” (“Annihilation”) motion picture advertising postcards, 1930. Hebihime-sama ("Snake Princess") was the first installment of a two-part serial motion picture. "Part One" was released by Toho Eiga in April, 1940 with its second installment released in August, 1940. - ["Mt. Takao Cable Car near Kiyotaki Station", Hachioji, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mt-takao-cable-car-near-kiyotaki-station-hachioji-c-1930/) - See also: “Thirty-Six Children beside the steps to the Head Temple”, Mt. Takao, Hachioji, Tokyo, c. 1930. Ise Asakuma Funicular Cable Car, Toba, Mie Prefecture, c. 1930. Ascending Mt. Hiei, Kyoto, c. 1930. "The cable car at Mount Takao, Takaotozan, is said to have been the brainchild of Muto Norihide, the 27th head priest of - [Telephone operators, Nakano Telephone Exchange, Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/telephone-operators-nakano-telephone-exchange-tokyo-c-1920/) - See also: “Opening of the telephone office” commemorative postcard, Fukushima City, Fukushima Prefecture, 1907. 50th Anniversary of the Telephone, 1926. The foundation for Japan’s telecommunication industry was laid in 1869 during the Meiji Restoration, a period characterized by rapid modernization and the adoption of Western technologies. On October 23, 1869, the first telegraph line was - [German POW art show advertising postcard, Ninoshima, 1919.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/german-pow-art-show-advertising-postcard-ninoshima-1919/) - See also: Ketel’s Restaurant, Ginza, c. 1935. War prize German submarines, Yokosuka, c. 1920. "During World War I when Japan sided with the Entente powers, Japanese troops captured over 4,500 German and Austro-Hungarian prisoners at the German colony of Qingdao, bringing them to Japan. In both these examples, Hague Convention guidelines for camp facilities were - ["America Hatoba (Pier)", Kobe, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/america-hatoba-pier-kobe-c-1910/) - See also: View of Kobe Harbor and Nakayamate Catholic Cathedral, Kobe, c. 1925. The Bund, Kobe, c. 1910. “Recreation Ground”, Kobe, c. 1930. "Almost all steamers in the trans-Pacific service, or on the line via Suéz, call at this harbor [Kobe]. "As they anchor in the harbour, steam-launches are available for the conveyance of passengers - [Fukoku Fire & Marine Insurance Co., Ltd. advertising postcard, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/fukoku-fire-marine-insurance-co-ltd-advertising-postcard-tokyo-c-1930/) - "Just over two decades after the first Japanese insurer had been established, the domestic market was in a strong position in early 1900s, pushing foreign insurers to the margins and expanding overseas. "However, the Japanese market was soon tested, first by the devastating Great Kanto earthquake, then by the financial crisis and war. However, the - ["Thirty-Six Children beside the steps to the Head Temple", Mt. Takao, Hachioji, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/thirty-six-children-beside-the-steps-to-the-head-temple-mt-takao-hachioji-tokyo-c-1930/) - See also: Jizo temple at Asakusa Park, Tokyo, c. 1910. “Sai-no-Kawara of the top [of Mt.] Fuji”, Japan, c. 1930. Mount Takao in Japan is a sacred mountain with many Shinto shrines and Buddhist temples. It is perhaps most closely associated with devotion to tengu, long-nosed demon-like beings who are believed to dwell on sacred - [Commemorating the establishment of the colonial office of Chosen (Korea) Governor-General, 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/commemorating-the-establishment-of-the-colonial-office-of-chosen-korea-governor-general-1910/) - See also: Keijyo, Chosen (Seoul, Korea) Electric Power Co., advertising postcard, c. 1920. Summer cottages, Kinsen, Chosen (Colonial Korea), c. 1920. Prince Ito Hirobumi state funeral, 1909. Japan’s colonization of Korea (Chosun or Chosen) was a process driven by its imperial ambitions, military strength, and geopolitical strategy. By the late 1800s, Japan had achieved rapid - ["River of Dogashima", Hakone, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/river-of-dogashima-hakone-c-1910/) - "Some five cho onwards [from Miyanoshita] is the village of Dogashima. "The well wooded hills environing the place give a feeling of snugness and mysterious ease. "Consequently there are not the fine prospects and views of other resorts; but this makes Dogashima a pleasant spot for the hot and humid summer." - "The Seven Spas - [I.J.N. Nobile N-3 semi-rigid airship, c. 1927.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/i-j-n-nobile-n-3-semi-rigid-airship-c-1927/) - See also: Grand Fleet Review, Osaka-Kobe, 1930. Kaishiki No. 1 biplane & Yamada dirigible, c. 1911. Graf Zeppelin visits Tokyo, 1929. "The Navy Department has purchased from Italy the airship 'N-3', a sister ship of the famous 'Norge' which made a successful flight to the North Pole. "It invited Major-General H. Nobile and other engineers - [The Enthronement of Emperor Hirohito, 1928.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-enthronement-of-emperor-hirohito-1928/) - "Mr. Ikki, Minister of the Imperial Household, received the Throne's sanction of the date of the Coronation of the Emperor. A statement, published by the Household Department, is as follows: 'The date of the Imperial Coronation and that of the Daijosai, the first offering of rice by the Emperor to the ancestoral gods immediately after - [Musashi Imperial Mausoleum, Hachioji, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/taisho-mausoleum-hachioji-c-1930/) - See also: Meiji Jingu (Shrine) "Yoshihito was born August 31 1879, the son of Emperor Mutsuhito and his concubine, Yanagiwara Naruko. He was later adopted by the Empress and became the official heir to the throne. In May 1900, he married Sadako Kujō and the couple had four sons. He succeeded his father, Mutsuhito (posthumous - ["Hochi Shimbun"-sponsored excursion cruise ports-of-call commemorative postcard, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hochi-shimbun-sponsored-excursion-cruise-ports-of-call-commemorative-postcard-c-1910/) - See also: “Commemorative Cruise to Manchuria and Korea”, Rosetta Maru, 1906. First attempt to fly solo across the Pacific Ocean, 1931. “How Newspapers Come to Be”, Tokyo Asashi Shimbun operations postcard series, c. 1935. Hochi Shimbun, now affiliated with the Yomiuri Shimbun Group as 'Sports Hochi', began as one of the oldest general newspapers in - [First attempt to fly solo across the Pacific Ocean, 1931.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/first-attempt-to-fly-solo-across-the-pacific-ocean-1931/) - See also: “Hochi Shimbun”-sponsored excursion cruise ports-of-call commemorative postcard, c. 1910. Brave flyer takes life in hand in daring North Pacific ocean Japanese airman, 27, starts flight of 6268 miles in open plane - Associated Press, May 4, 1931 "Seiji Yoshihara, 27-year-old Japanese flyer, took off at 10:10 a.m. today on a 6268-mile flight to - ["Girls manufacturing parachutes", propaganda postcard, c. 1945.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/girls-manufacturing-parachutes-propaganda-postcard-c-1945/) - See also: Imperial marine paratroopers at the Battle of Manado (Menado), propaganda postcard, c. 1940. “Grab the weapon for production increase”, propaganda postcard, c. 1940. "A few months before the Pearl Harbor attack, the Japanese military added a novel type of airborne infantry to its war machine. Japan’s new paratroop units, set up secretly and - [Imperial Diet Building, Kasumigaseki, c. 1890-1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-diet-building-kasumigaseki/) - See also: Kasumigaseki (Government District), c. 1910 Justice Ministry, Kasumigaseki, c. 1910 Taishin-in (Supreme Court), c. 1910 Josiah Conder: Department of the Navy, Kasumigaseki, c. 1910 "From the time of the earliest stages of planning in the 1880s, people recognized the future Diet Building's potential to represent a vision of Japanese national identity both domestically - [Emperor Taisho enthronement commemorative postcard, Kyoto, 1917.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/emperor-taisho-enthronement-commemorative-postcard-kyoto-1917/) - See also: The Enthronement of Emperor Hirohito, 1928. Grand Kyoto Coronation Exposition, Kyoto, 1928. "Preparations had already begun for the coronation of the Emperor. "...As in the case of the coronation of King George the Fifth of England, there was an unprecedented study of ancient forms and usages, with a view to carrying out the - [Sophia University, Yotsuya, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sophia-university-yotsuya-tokyo-c-1930/) - "Sophia University (Jōchi Daigaku) is a private Jesuit research university in Japan, with its main campus located near Yotsuya station. Sophia University was founded by Jesuits in 1913. It opened with departments of German Literature, Philosophy and Commerce, headed by its German founder Hermann Hoffmann (1864–1937) as its first official president. Sophia University takes its - ["Calpis" International Sweepstakes Poster Contest advertising postcards, 1924.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/calpis-beverage-advertisement-c-1919/) - See also: “Club Soap” advertising postcards, c. 1910. Kodak Verichrome Film & “Vest Pocket” Camera, Japan, c. 1932. Singer Sewing Machine Co. advertising postcard, c. 1920. International Sweepstakes Call for Posters In 1919, five years after the Japanese Calpis company started marketing fermented nonfat milk beverages based on traditional Mongolian drinks, it initiated a poster - [Mampei Hotel, Karuizawa, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mampei-hotel-karuizawa-c-1940/) - See also: Karuizawa, c. 1920. Mikasa Hotel, Karuizawa, c. 1920. “Play Ground in Karuizawa”, c. 1930. "Mampei Hotel traces its origins to the Kameya Inn, founded in 1764 to accommodate travelers passing through Karuizawa [on the Nakasendo highway]. In 1894, inspired by the patronage of Canadian missionaries, Mampei Sato transformed the hostelry into Karuizawa’s first - [Dai Nihon Kokubo-fujin (Greater Japan National Women's Defense Association), c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/dai-nihon-kokubo-fujin-greater-japan-national-womens-defense-association-c-1940/) - See also: Patriotic Women’s Association propaganda postcard series, c. 1940. Thousand-person Stitches (Sennin-bari) propaganda postcard, c. 1940. "The Patriotic Women's Association had been formed in 1901 as a relatively élite organisation of women with links to the bureaucracy, the military and the navy. In 1932, a new organisation was formed with its base in the - [Tokyo-Takazaruka Eiga K.K. (Tokyo-Takarazuka Motion Picture Co.) studio, c. 1938.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-takazaruka-eiga-tokyo-takarazuka-motion-picture-co-studio-c-1938/) - "Toho Studios began as the Tokyo-Takarazuka Motion Picture Company, a business created in 1932 by railroad entrepreneur and visionary Kobayashi Ichizo for the purpose of [filming] stage theatre and exhibiting other cinematic productions. "In Tokyo, the company operated both the Takarazuka Theatre (where it staged its famed Takarazuka all-girl revues) and the Hibiya Cinema, along - [Enoshima Island at low tide, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/enoshima-island-at-low-tide-c-1910/) - See also: “Whole View of Yenoshima” from Katase, c. 1910. Enoshima, c. 1910-1960. "Like Mont St. Michel in Normandy, and its namesake St. Michael's Mount in Cornwall, Enoshima is only completely surrounded by the waves at high tide. "[W]hen the waters abate, a stretch of sand is revealed, rendering it possible to cross to the - [Completion of the Chuo Main Line Railway commemorative postcard, Nagoya, c. 1911.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/completion-of-the-chuo-main-line-railway-commemorative-postcard-nagoya-c-1911/) - See also: Tokaido Main Line, c. 1910. Chuo Rapid Line (neé Kobu Line), Tokyo, c. 1910. "Even before the promulgation of the Railway Construction Law, the need for building the Chuo Line west from the capital region had been strongly advocated, especially by the Japanese Army. "At the time, the Army held the opinion that - [“Our company’s newly acquired all-metal Dornier aircraft”, Asahi Shimbun building, Sukiyabashi, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/our-companys-newly-acquired-all-metal-dornier-aircraft-asahi-shimbun-building-sukiyabashi-tokyo-c-1930/) - See also: Air Mail Flying Contest commemorative postcards, 1920-1921. “How Newspapers Come to Be”, Tokyo Asashi Shimbun operations postcard series, c. 1935. In the 1920s and 1930s, Japanese newspapers pioneered the use of airplanes to transport news and deliver papers, reflecting the country’s rapid modernization and technological advancements of the era. This innovation allowed newspapers - [Northwest Orient Airlines, North Pacific Routes, c. 1949.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/northwest-orient-airlines-north-pacific-routes-c-1949/) - "The Great Circle course ('the shortest surface distance between two points on a sphere') from New York to Tokyo points a straight line through Canada, and along the shores of the Arctic Sea, north to the Orient. This was the route we chose for our flight. The fact that it lay 'on the edge of - [Tokyo (Haneda) International Airport](https://www.oldtokyo.com/haneda-tokyo-international-airport/) - See also: Haneda Airfield (Pre-war) Tokyo Monorail, c. 1970 Haneda Tokyu Hotel, c. 1972 Northwest Orient Airlines, North Pacific Routes, c. 1949 Japan Air Lines (JAL), c. 1955 "Haneda Airfield first opened in 1931. It was Japan's largest civil airport at the time it was constructed, and took over from the army air base at - [American Hatoba (Wharf), Kobe, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/american-hatoba-wharf-kobe-c-1910/) - See also: Oriental Hotel, Kobe, c. 1910 Located on the Inland Sea, Kobe became one of Japan's largest ports for trade after its opening to foreign commerce after the Meiji Restoration. By 1903, Kobe handled ¥219MM in trade compared to Yokohama's ¥228MM. Kobe became particularly noted for its marvelous and artistic designs in cloisonne, pottery, - [Jinju Seimei Hoken K.K. (Jinju Life Insurance Co.), Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/jinju-seimei-hoken-k-k-jinju-life-insurance-co-tokyo-c-1920/) - "The origin of [the Jinju Life Insurance Co.] dates back to September 28, 1894, when a limited partner-ship was formed by Count N. Matsudaira, Viscount Y. Toda, Messrs. T. Nishimura, R. Minomura, S. Imamura, I. Tojo, K. Fukiji, Baron S. Tsuji and others. Business was opened on October 5, under the presidency of Baron S. - ["My family has two coats of armor", Imperial Life Insurance Co. advertising postcard, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/my-family-has-two-coats-of-armor-imperial-life-insurance-co-advertising-postcard-c-1930/) - See also: Jinju Seimei Hoken K.K. (Jinju Life Insurance Co.), Tokyo, c. 1920. Meiji Mutual Life Insurance Co. Building, Marunouchi, c. 1946. "Although modern life insurance originated in Western countries and foreign insurance companies had entered Japan at designated ports for foreign trade already before the beginning of the Meiji period, such as Yokohama and - [Fukuju Life Insurance Co. New Year's advertising postcard, Nagoya, 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/fukuju-life-insurance-co-new-years-advertising-postcard-nagoya-1930/) - See also: “My family has two coats of armor”, Imperial Life Insurance Co. advertising postcard, c. 1930. Jinju Seimei Hoken K.K. (Jinju Life Insurance Co.), Tokyo, c. 1920. "The Fukuju Life Insurance Company is one of the strongest establishments in the city. All its organizers are men of the first standing in the financial world - ["Assault on Taiyuan Castle", Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 1937.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/assault-on-taiyuan-castle-taiyuan-shanxi-province-1937/) - See also: “Standing watch”, 2nd Sino-Japanese War, c. 1940. “The Battle of the Railway Corps”, 2nd Sino-Japanese War, c. 1940. The Japanese offensive called the Battle of Taiyuan was a major battle fought in 1937 between China and Japan named for Taiyuan, the capital of Shanxi province. "Taiyuan was a critical industrial and transportation hub - ["The Influential Views of Great Nagoya", Nagoya, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-influential-views-of-great-nagoya-nagoya-c-1930/) - See also: Nagoya Castle, Nagoya, c. 1910. Nagoya Station grand re-opening, Nagoya, 1937. "Nagoya (pop. 670,800), the largest industrial city between Tokyo and Osaka, is the center of the pottery and porcelain industries. "Of interest to sightseers are the Castle, the best remaining example of these feudal structures in Japan, celebrated for the two gold - ["Diego-Suarez Raid" propaganda postcard, Madagascar, May 1942.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/diego-suarez-raid-propaganda-postcard-madagascar-may-1942/) - See also: Early victories of the Great East Asia War, propaganda postcard series, c. 1942. Indian Ocean raid (“Operation C”), Imperial Japanese Navy, 1942. "On 27th April 1942: 'A' detachment's submarines I-16, I-18 and I-20 arrive at Penang and are joined by tender NISSHIN that had earlier been converted to carry midget submarines. On the - ["Hotels seen on side of fine stream", Kinugawa Onsen District, Nikko, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hotels-seen-on-side-of-fine-stream-kinugawa-onsen-district-nikko-c-1930/) - See also: Kanaya Hotel, Nikko, c. 1920. “Three Monkeys carving at Iyeyasu Temple”, Nikko, c. 1920. Nikko, Japan, c. 1910. The Kinugawa Onsen area itself has a storied past. Discovered over 300 years ago during the Edo period, its hot springs were initially reserved for monks and daimyo samurai visiting Nikko. In the late 19th - [The Spirit of Tengu helping Tamiya Botaro avenge his father's death, folklore postcard, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-spirit-of-tengu-helping-tamiya-botaro-avenge-his-fathers-death-folklore-postcard-c-1930/) - See also: “Contrivance of Yasukuni-jinja”, Tokyo, c. 1920. Mizaru, Kikazaru & Iwazaru (See No Evil, Hear No Evil, Speak No Evil), c. 1910. Tamiya Botarō was the son of Tamiya Iemon, a samurai in service to a feudal lord. When Botarō was very young, his father was murdered by another samurai named Kawakami Gensai. Gensai, - [Japan Silk Exhibition postcard series, Kobe, 1925.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japan-silk-exhibition-kobe-1925/) - See also: Japan Pavilion, Golden Gate International Exposition, San Francisco, CA, 1939. Silk Conditioning House, Yokohama, c. 1935. Silk production, c. 1920. Opening remarks by H.I.H. Prince Kai-in, Honorary President, Japan Silk Exhibition, Kobe, April 1925: "It is a great pleasure to me personally to attend the twentieth general meeting of the Japan Silk Yarn - [N.Y.K. Lines On-Board Passenger Amenities advertising postcards, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/n-y-k-lines-on-board-passenger-amenities-advertising-postcards-c-1930/) - See also: S.S. Shanghai Maru, NYK Lines, c. 1930. NYK Line (Nippon Yusen K.K.), c. 1930. "One of the outstanding events in the twentieth-century development of trans-Pacific traffic is the inauguration of three super passenger liners for the Orient-California service of the N.Y.K. "These three vessels embody the highest ideals for modern passenger carriers and - [I.J.A. Engineering Corps, c. 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/i-j-a-engineering-corps-c-1905/) - See also: “Battle of the Yalu River”, Russo-Japanese War commemorative postcard, 1906. "The plan for forcing the passage of the Yalu, as originally arranged in Japan on lines similar to the operations in the Sino-Japanese War, was therefore changed. "... The bridging train of the Japanese was, however, far too small for the numerous bridges - [Main Building, Okayama Prefectural Higher Women's School, Okayama, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/main-building-okayama-prefectural-higher-womens-school-okayama-c-1920/) - See also: Hyogo Prefectural Girls’ School, Hyogo (Kobe), 10th Anniversary postcards, 1911. “Exercises of the Tokyo Girls Higher Normal School”, Tokyo, 1904 "The aim of high schools for girls is to give a general education of a high standard to women. "... The course of study extends over 4 years, to which another year may - [Yedogawa, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yedogawa-tokyo-c-1910/) - "The Edogawa, a canal in the Koshikawa quarter, near the arsenal, is a mile of double blossoms doubled in beauty by reflection, and boats up and down this lane of flowers as the most beautiful of all cherry-blossom effects." - "The Cherry Blossoms of Japan", The Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine, Volume 79, by Eliza Ruhamah - [I.J.N. Mitsubishi G4M ("Betty") Medium Bomber propaganda postcard, c. 1943.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/i-j-n-mitsubishi-g4m-betty-medium-bomber-propaganda-postcard-c-1943/) - See also: Sinking the HMS Prince of Wales and HMS Repulse propaganda postcard, 1941. I.J.A. Mitsubishi Ki-21 Type 97 (“Sally”) Heavy Bomber, ca. 1938. Mitsubishi A6M2 “Zero”, c. 1940. Mitsubishi G1M1, c. 1933. "The Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service was responsible for long-range bomber and attack aircraft, as well as the strategic air defense of - [Marunouchi Hotel, Tokyo, c. 1925-1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/marunouchi-hotel/) - "Hotel Marunouchi, located on 'W' Avenue and 4th Street, close to the Tokyo Central Station, is a good-sized place with 139 rooms, well patronized by Americans. "Handily situated on the opposite side of the avenue is the Supper Club Marunouchi, with a dance orchestra and elaborate floor shows. On Thursday evenings the hotel puts on - [Akechidaira Aerial Rope-way and Nikko Tramway, Nikko, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/akechidaira-aerial-rope-way-and-nikko-tramway-nikko-c-1940/) - See also: Aerial cable car, Taisho Exhibition, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1914. Nikko Motor Bus Co. tour of Nikko, c. 1940. Iroha-zaka, Nikko. "The Akechidaira Ropeway was is aerial lift line operated by Nikko-Kotso, a subsidiary of the Tobu Group, in Nikko, Tochigi Prefecture, connecting Umagaeshi and Akechidaira. "The 1263-meter long ropeway was opened in 1933 - [Mitsubishi G1M artist's concept, c. 1933.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mitsubishi-g1m1-c-1933/) - See also: Mitsubishi G3M "Nell", 1935-1945 I.J.A. Mitsubishi Ki-21 Type 97 (“Sally”) Heavy Bomber, ca. 1938. "Aerial reconnaissance was felt to be so important that an early requirement was for a range of 4,000nm [as built, the prototype had a range of 2,300nm] ... The need to know the whereabouts of the US fleet was - [Children playing under cherry blossoms, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/children-playing-under-cherry-blossoms-c-1960/) - See also: O-hanami (Cherry Blossoms Viewing). Cherry Blossoms at Mukojima, c. 1910. "What the rose is to the people of America, the cherry blossom is to the Land of the Rising Sun, and the time of their blossoming is made a season of national festival. "Vast numbers of admiring men women and children come from - [“The Famous Place of Mt. Hiei”, Enryakuji, Kyoto, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-famous-place-of-mt-hiei-enryakuji-c-1930/) - See also: Ascending Mt. Hiei, Kyoto, c. 1930. Ise Asakuma Funicular Cable Car, Toba, Mie Prefecture, c. 1930. "Five yrs. before the Emperor Kwammu founded Kyoto (in A.D. 794), the bonze Saicho (from 866 onward known by the posthumous title of Dengyo-daishi) erected a small temple on the summit of Hiei-san and called it Enryaku-ji, - ["Yuki no Hotel" ("Hotel of Snow"), Mt. Rokko (Rokkosan) Hotel, Kobe., c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yuki-no-hotel-hotel-of-snow-mt-rokko-rokkosan-hotel-kobe-c-1930/) - See also: Rope-way Station & Hotel, Mt. Rokko, Kobe, c. 1935. Japan’s first golf course, Mt. Rokko, Kobe, c. 1920. Tor Hotel, Kobe, c. 1910-1930. "The original hotel was opened in 1929 as a branch of the Takarazuka Hotel, before later operating as an independent hotel. "In the early 1900s, rival railroad companies Hanshin-Kyuko ['Hankyu'] - [Aerial cable car, Taisho Exhibition, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1914.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/aerial-cable-car-taisho-exhibition-ueno-park-tokyo-1914/) - See also: Taisho Exhibition, Ueno Park, 1914. Rope-way Station & Hotel, Mt. Rokko, Kobe, c. 1935. "One of the first mentions of a ropeway is in the Japanese history, Taiheiki (Chronicle of Great Peace, ca. late 14th century). It relates how an Emperor of Japan escaped over a precipitous valley about 650 years ago when - ["Life in the Army" series, IJAAS parade field fly-over, c. 1914.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/life-in-the-army-series-ijaas-parade-field-fly-over-c-1915/) - See also: First Airplane Flight in Japan, Yoyogi Parade Ground, Tokyo, 1910. Nieuport IV at Tokorozawa Airfield, c. 1913. “Life in the Navy” postcard series, c. 1930. "When the Imperial Japanese Army Air Service (IJAAS) was newly formed in 1912, its initial aircraft were limited to a handful of early imported models used exclusively for - ["Winter shawl", advertising postcard, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/winter-shawl-advertising-postcard-c-1930/) - See also: “Ski”, Takada (Joetsu), Japan, c. 1915. Winter snow, c. 1903 Skiers, Japan Alps, c. 1940. "When we think of Japan, we usually think of cherry blossoms, jinrikashas, and warm sunlight. However, the central and northern parts of Japan are rich skiing centers which have only partially been developed. "The natives of Japan are - [Shimonoseki Station, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi Prefecture, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/shimonoseki-station-shimonoseki-yamaguchi-prefecture-c-1910/) - See also: Tokaido Main Line Railway, c. 1930. "One of the most lasting examples of the integration of railways into the daily fabric of Japanese life [in the early 1900s] is 'The Railway Song' (Tetsudo Shoka) written by Owada Takeki to celebrate the opening of the Tokaido Line. "The lyrics describe a trip from Shimbashi - [“Comet” fountain pen advertising postcards, 1939-1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/comet-fountain-pen-advertising-postcards-1939-1940/) - Fountain pens were introduced to Japan during the Meiji period, with domestic pen production beginning in 1911 with the founding of the Sailor Pen Co. in Hiroshima. Many pens manufactured in Japan were produced using maki-e, a lacquering technique believed to have been developed close to 1,200 years ago during the Heian Period. The Comet - [Mitsubishi Ki-1 "Army Type 93" Heavy Bomber, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mitsubishi-ki-1-army-type-93-heavy-bomber-c-1935/) - See also: Mitsubishi Ki-2-I & Ki-2-II “Army Type 93” Light Bomber, c. 1935. I.J.A. Mitsubishi Ki-21 Type 97 (“Sally”) Heavy Bomber, ca. 1938. The Mitsubishi Ki-1, also known as Mitsubishi Army Type 93 Heavy Bomber, was a bomber built by Mitsubishi for the Imperial Japanese Army in the 1930s. The Ki-1 design was heavily based - [Tsubouchi Memorial Theatre Museum ("Enpaku"), Waseda University, Tokyo, 1947.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tsubouchi-memorial-theatre-museum-waseda-university-tokyo-1947/) - "Tsubouchi [Shoyo] goes into considerable detail in trying to locate a period in Japanese history from which to take the language that would adequately convey [Hamlet's] meaning to a Japanese audience. He searches into Japanese classical theatre to try to discover whether hints of Japan's own classical stage language might be appropriate. "The Mousetrap becomes - [Meiji Merry Brand Sweetened Condensed Milk, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/meiji-merry-brand-sweetened-condensed-milk-c-1930/) - "After 1868, the Meiji Restoration introduced Western dietary and cultural influences, which paved the way for a native dairying industry. In particular, the introduction and rapid acceptance of coffee drinking provided an important avenue for exposure to milk and a considerable source of demand. "Streetside cafés were joined by milk 'parlours' as fashionable niches for - ["Advertisement on street", c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/advertisement-on-street-c-1920/) - See also: Amezaiku [sugar sculpture] street vendor, c. 1930. Hatsudoki Seizo Co. “Daihatsu SB-7” motortrike, ca. 1938. Chindonya (チンドン屋, aka Japanese marching band) in the 20th century were a carry-over from its late Edo period roots, before the rise of newspaper and radio advertising rendered street advertising completely obsolete. The typical chindonya troupe was composed - [Grand Kyoto Coronation Exposition, Kyoto, 1928.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/grand-kyoto-coronation-exposition-kyoto-1928/) - See also: The Enthronement of Emperor Hirohito, 1928. Tokyo Exposition for Domestic Industry Promotion in Commemoration of the Great Coronation, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1928. “Gion Kobu Hanamikouji”, Kyoto, c. 1920. “The interior of the Kyoto Commercial Museum”, Kyoto, c. 1920. "Under the auspices of the Kyoto Municipality the Kyoto Grand Exposition under the honorary presidency - ["Year of the Sheep" (or "Goat"), New Year's advertising postcards, 1931.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/year-of-the-sheep-or-goat-new-years-advertising-postcards-1931/) - Above: Front and reverse of a family's small business 1931 New Year's advertising postcard. On the reverse side, it reads: "On the occasion of a happy New Year, I congratulate you and your family on your good health and ask for your continued patronage. [From] Yuzo Ibe, wife Keiko, eldest daughter Kotobuki and second daughter - [Ise Asakuma Funicular Cable Car, Toba, Mie Prefecture, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ise-asakuma-funicular-cable-car-toba-mie-prefecture-c-1930/) - See also: The Big Torii from Matsubara Itsukushima, Aki, c. 1910. Miyajima (Mikado) Hotel, Miyajima, c. 1910. "The Ise Asakuma Cable Car (also known as the Asakuma-yama Cable Car) was a historic funicular railway up Mount Asakuma, Toba, Mie Prefecture, Japan. The line was built to attract tourists to the scenic area and to allow - [Sannō Hie Shrine, Nagatacho, Tokyo, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sanno-hie-shrine-nagatacho-tokyo-c-1960/) - See also: Dedication of Meiji Shrine, Tokyo, 1920. "The date of establishment of the Hie Shrine is uncertain. According to one theory, Ōta Dōkan established it in 1478. Another theory identifies the Hie with the Sannō Shrine mentioned in a 1362 record of the Kumano Nachi Taisha. "Tokugawa Ieyasu relocated it to the grounds of - [Yunohama Spa, Yamagata Prefecture, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yunohama-spa-yamagata-prefecture-c-1960/) - See also: Izu Funabara Onsen postcard series, Izu City, Shizuoka, c. 1930. Onsen (hot springs) culture. The Natural Sand Baths and Onsen, Beppu, c. 1910-1930. "Yunohama Onsen, located in Tsuruoka City, Yamagata Prefecture, has a rich history as one of the prominent onsen hot spring resorts along the Sea of Japan coast. "Its origins trace - [Drying of Laver at Shinagawa, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/drying-of-laver-at-shinagawa-c-1910/) - "Nori doesn't grow naturally in flat sheets. Instead, it collects in little dark green Vandyke beards on rocks or other objects ranging in depth from the tide-line to 25 feet below the surface on the oceans all around Japan. "Collecting it from the sea was difficult and even a little dangerous until the 17th century - [In the Japanese Gardens, Japan-British Exhibition, London (1910).](https://www.oldtokyo.com/in-the-japanese-gardens-japan-british-exhibition-1910/) - [Writing in 1910:] "With the concurrence of the Government authorities the Central Tea Association of Japan has decided to erect in the garden a true Japanese Tea House. The building is to be constructed in a most artistic style so as to enhance the typical atmosphere of the garden. "In another part of the grounds - [Narahara #4 "Otori-go" Aeroplane, c. 1912.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/narahara-4-otori-go-aeroplane-c-1912/) - "In the autumn of 1911, Narahara's group was joined by Shuhei Iwamoto, later a professor of Tokyo University, and Kiyoshi Shiga, BSc. By March 1912 they had created the Narahara No. 4 Aeroplane ... The aeroplane was built at the Orient Aeroplane Company (Toyo Hikoki Shokai), with its office in Kyobashi, Tokyo. The factory was - [Taisho Exhibition, Ueno Park, 1914.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/taisho-exhibition-ueno-park-1914/) - See also: Meiji (Tokyo) Industrial Exhibition, Ueno Park, 1907. Peace Commemorative Exposition, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1922. "The level that Japanese industrial technology had reached just prior to the outbreak of the First World War is reflected in the survey report of the industrial machinery products displayed in the 1914 Taisho Exhibition. The quantitative and qualitative - [Exhibition of war trophy munitions and weapons, Marunouchi, Tokyo, c. 1906.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/exhibition-of-war-trophy-munitions-and-weapons-marunouchi-tokyo-c-1906/) - See also: Imperial Japanese Navy Cruiser “Soya”, c. 1910. Yūshūkann [“Museum of Armaments”], Kudan, Tokyo, c. 1910. War prize German submarines, Yokosuka, c. 1920. The Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905 marked a major turning point in East Asian power dynamics, with Japan emerging victorious over imperial Russia. This was the first significant military defeat of a - [Tokyo Station Hotel, advertising postcards, c. 1920-1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-station-hotel-c-1920/) - Tokyo Central Station opened on December 20, 1914 as the starting point of the Tokaido Main Line. However, construction of the Tokyo Station Hotel was delayed due to debate over whether or not to even build a hotel. It opened the following year on November 2, 1915. Initially, hotel management and operation was outsourced to - [Ushigome Methodist Church, Ushigome, Tokyo, c. 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ushigome-methodist-church-ushigome-tokyo-c-1905/) - See also: Methodist Church of Japan Cathedral, c. 1920. Ginza Methodist Church, Sukiyabashi, c. 1915. “Sendai Christian Orphanage, Girls’ Cottages”, Sendai, c. 1910. Ushigome Methodist Church was established in 1881 in the Ushigome district of Shinjuku Ward, Tokyo, during the period when Christianity was regaining a foothold in Japan following the lifting in 1873 of - ["Scenic views of Manchuria" postcard series, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/scenic-views-of-manchuria-postcard-series-c-1935/) - See also: Yamato Hotel, Hoshigaura (Star Beach), Dairen, Manchuria, c. 1920. Great Manchurian Exhibition, Dairen, Manchukuo, 1933. The “Asia Express”, Shougaku Sannensei Manga advertising postcard, Manchukuo, c. 1935. During the 1930s, Harbin, Hsinking (Changchun), and Dalian (Dairen) were significant cities in Manchuria, each with its own distinct characteristics and roles within the broader context of - [Kagaya Tourist Hotel, Wakura Onsen, Ishikawa Prefecture, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kagaya-tourist-hotel-wakura-onsen-ishikawa-prefecture-c-1930/) - See also: Yoshinoya Ryokan, Kaga Yamanaka Onsen, Ishikawa Prefecture, c. 1930. Kamikochi Imperial Hotel, Matsumoto, c. 1940. "The Kagaya Tourist Hotel in Wakura Onsen, Ishikawa Prefecture, is a famous ryokan (Japanese inn) renowned for its luxurious hospitality and classic Japanese aesthetics with a long and prestigious history. "First opened in 1906, the Kagaya hotel staff - [Kabuki actor Matsumoto Kôshirô VII in "Kagekiyo", c. 1910](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kabuki-actor-matsumoto-koshiro-vii-in-kagekiyo-c-1910/) - "Matsumoto Kôshirô VII (1870-1949) is now remembered for his authentic rendition of kabuki classics. However, in his youth, he was interested in Western culture and learned English, Western dance and the violin. "Worthy of special mention is his experiments with Western make-up, which he learned from Making Up (Witmark & Sons 1905), a stage make-up - [Imperial Japanese Navy Battleship "Nagato", c. 1925.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-japanese-navy-battleship-nagato-c-1925/) - See also: Imperial Japanese Navy Cruiser "Soya", c. 1910 Imperial Japanese Navy Fuso-class battleship, c. 1935 Imperial Japanese Navy Battlecruiser "Hiei", 1933 "Japan and the United States are both at work on large programmes of post-Jutland capital ships, and it is at these programmes we must look not at the respective fleets of older ships - [Kabuki-za ["Kabuki Theater"], Ginza, Tokyo, 1910-1951.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kabuki-theatre-tokyo/) - See also: View of the stage and interior, Kabukiza, Tokyo, c. 1960 Kabuki theater, and Kabuki actors How Faubion Bowers Saved Kabuki "Theatre-going in Japan is the luxury of the unemployed. When an entertainment commences at nine o'clock in the morning and lasts all afternoon, the busy man knows that he must only at long - [Summer cottages, Kinsen, Chosen (Colonial Korea), c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/summer-cottages-geumsan-chosun-colonial-korea-c-1920/) - See also: Shinsen (Sinchon) Onsen Station, Chosen (Korea), c. 1930. "During the Japanese colonial period in Korea (1910-1945), Kinsen (the Japanese reading for Geumsan), a town located in present-day South Chungcheong Province, was known primarily for its ginseng production rather than as a major vacation destination. However, it did attract some attention for its scenic - ["Year of the Rooster", New Year's postcard, 1921.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/year-of-the-rooster-2017/) - From the wiki: "When Buddhism arrived in Japan in the mid-6th century AD, the Japanese eagerly imported both the Buddhist teachings and the Zodiac calendar -- the calendar was officially adopted in 604 AD. (The lunar calendar was abandoned in 1872 in favor of the solar (Gregorian) calendar, but even today many temples and shrines - ["Year of the Dog", New Year's postcard, 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/year-of-the-dog-new-years-card-1910/) - "The dog is the eleventh symbol in the Japanese zodiac. Legend has it that the dog had a fight with the monkey on their way to God and the rooster had to act as a peacemaker, so they arrived in a row. "Inu doshi [Year of the Dog] represents 'diligence' and 'devotion'. Dogs are patient, - ["Year of the Ox", New Year's postcard, 1937.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/year-of-the-ox-new-years-card-1937/) - "The Year of the Ox has returned once more in Japan in the cycle of the zodiac. There are eleven other animals which, through fables so ancient that nobody knows just when they started or who started them, have achieved something or other and for their achievement are revered and placed in the zodiac. "Thus - ["Year of the Tiger", New Year's postcard, 1938.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/year-of-the-tiger-new-years-postcard-1938/) - "Imperial Year 2598 [1938] is the Year of the Tiger. "The dauntless tiger [tora] crosses one thousand leagues, fearful of nothing. It is said he topples all enemies. Thanks to our incomparably brave troops, ferocious like the tiger, an eternal peace is being established in Asia. "We wish military success and long life to those - ["Year of the Snake ('Mi')", New Year's postcard, c. 1929,](https://www.oldtokyo.com/year-of-the-snake-mi-new-years-postcard-c-1929/) - Born 2025, 2013, 2001, 1989, 1977, 1965, 1953, 1941, 1929, 1917, 1905 "People born in the year of the Snake are deep thinkers, speak very little and possess tremendous wisdom. They are fortunate in money matters and will always be able to obtain it. They are determined in what they do and hate to fail. - [O-hanami (Cherry Blossoms Viewing).](https://www.oldtokyo.com/o-hanami-cherry-blossom-viewing/) - See also: Yedogawa, Tokyo, c. 1910 Cherry Blossoms at Mukojima, c. 1910. Ueno Park, 1910. Shiba Park Koganei Cherry Blossoms, c. 1910. "'Without wine, how can one enjoy the view of the blooming cherry?' sang the Emperor Richiu fifteen hundred years ago, when a petal fell into his wine-cup." - The Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine, - [Port of Otaru, Hokkaido, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/port-of-otaru-hokkaido-c-1920/) - Dating from AD 400, the name 'Otaru' is of Ainu origin, possibly meaning 'river running through the sandy beach'. An Imperial decree in July 1899 established Otaru as an open port in Hokkaido for trading with the United States and the United Kingdom. In 1880 the first railway line in Hokkaido was opened with daily - [South Pacific Mandates (Japan), c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/south-pacific-mandates-japan-c-1930/) - "In the Treaty of Peace, signed at Versailles on June 28, 1919, the colonial possessions of Germany were surrendered to the Allied and Associated Powers, and these powers, through the conference, gave to Japan a mandate for the administration of all the islands, formerly in German possession, lying in the Pacific north of the equator. - [Japanese kite makers, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japanese-kites-tako-c-1960/) - See also: Kite-flying culture, c. 1910-1930. Round kite (wanwan-dako) flying at Naruto, Shikoku, c. 1935. "It is thought that kites were first introduced into Japan by Buddhist missionaries who arrived from China in the Nara period (649-794 CE) and were first used in religious and thanks-giving ceremonies. A Japanese dictionary dated 981 CE records the - [Osaka Electrical Exhibition, Osaka, 1926.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/osaka-electrical-exhibition-osaka-1926/) - See also: Japan Electrical Exhibition, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1918. Tsutenkaku Tower, Osaka, c. 1930. "A grand electrical exhibition, which is unprecedented, not only in Japan but also in the Far East, in points of grandness of the scale and the excellence of substance, is now under way in Osaka, Japan’s water metropolis, to be opened - [Hayama Beach, Kamakura, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hayama-c-1910/) - "The line that turns S. from the Ofuna Station on the Tokaido Main Line is called the Yokosuka Line; it terminates at Yokosuka (10 m.) via Kamakura, Zushi, and Taura. It has en route the historic town of Kamakura, a site of the old military regency, Zushi and Hayama, famed for fine sea-scenes, and Yokosuka - [Shibaura Engineering Works, Shinagawa, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/shibaura-engineering-works-shinagawa-tokyo-c-1910/) - See also: Kyobashi (Capital Bridge), c. 1910. Hitachi table fan, c. 1930. "There are now fifteen or more large works in Japan constructing dynamos of over 1,000 kw., the largest being the Shibaura, the Hidachi, the Mitsubishi and the Okamura companies. Of these the Shibaura Engineering Works are undoubtedly the largest builders of electrical machinery. - [Uogashi (Fish Market) at Nihonbashi, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/uogashi-fish-market-at-nihonbashi-c-1910/) - "About the carved stone skirts of the Nihonbashi bridge clusters this place, odorful of the Sea God's breath, which supplies the two million inhabitants of the Japanese capital with the fish that are daily brought by the lean brown sampans from near and far-off waters, the scent of seaweed from the deeps of the sea - [Sukiyabashi, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sukiyabashi-c-1910/) - See also: Asashi Shimbun (Newspaper) building, c. 1940, at Sukiyabashi Aerial Views of Tokyo, c. 1930-1940 Ginza Methodist Church, c. 1915 "A busy canal spanned by several bridges separates Kojimachi Ward from Kyobashi and Ginza, the most prominent of them the Sukiyabashi [tea room bridge] so-named from the circumstance that the district was formerly inhabited - [Tokyo Kaikan, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-kaikan-c-1930/) - "This magnificent building situated in the central business quarter of the metropolis, is one of the foremost restaurants in Tokyo. It is noted for the excellence of its service and cuisine as well as for its rooms. Besides the magnificent dining hall there is a spacious de luxe Sukiyaki room on the 3rd floor. This - [Wedding fashion, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/wedding-fashion-c-1930/) - "There still exists [circa 1940] an idea in Japan that marriage is the beginning of love and not the end of it. Although there are some love marriages and of late years these have been increasingly numerous, most marriages are arranged by friends of the families who act as go-betweens of each party after careful - [Ship coaling, Nagasaki, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ship-coaling-nagasaki-c-1910/) - "The process of taking on coal [in Nagasaki] was very peculiar. Ladders were placed up the sides of the steamer, relays of men and women were arranged in nine rows, counting from the bottom; coal was placed in baskets and passed up in fire bucket fashion with the utmost quickness and dexterity. "It continued incessantly - [Yebisu Beer, Tokio Brewery No. 1, Meguro, Tokio, c. 1900.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yebisu-beer-tokio-brewery-no-1-meguro-tokio-c-1900/) - "[Nippon Beer president] Magoshi's marketing strategies were simple but innovative, and he took a variety of approaches to reach new beer consumers. "First, whenever his firm delivered the first shipment of the year to any city or town, his deliverymen would ride in aboard horse-drawn wagons, sporting tradition happi coats emblazoned with the company's logo - [Shinsen (Sinchon) Onsen Station, Chosen (Korea), c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/shinsen-sinchon-onsen-station-chosen-korea-c-1930/) - See also: Onsen (hot springs) culture. Dogo Onsen, Matsuyama (Iyo District), Shikoku, c. 1910. The Natural Sand Baths and Onsen, Beppu, c. 1910-1930. Shinsen Onsen "Railway: Heijo-Shingishü Line from Heijo (Pyongyang) to Shari-in, thence by light railway. (20 m.; 2nd cl., ¥1.20) to Shinsen-onsen. "Shinsen (alt. 40 ft.; population, 100) has 3 alkaline carbondioxated springs, - [Great Manchurian Exhibition, Dairen, Manchukuo, 1933.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/great-manchurian-exhibition-dairen-manchukuo-1933/) - Mukden, Manchuria (Manchukuo), c. 1940. Miscellaneous scenes of Manchukuo, c. 1940. Emperor Pu Yi (“The Last Emperor”), State Visit to Tokyo, 1935. "Scores of thousands of people are expected to pass the turnstiles of the Great Manchurian Exposition which opens in Dairen on July 23rd and lasts for slightly more than a month. "A complete - [Japan-Manchuria Great Industrial Exposition, Toyama Prefecture, 1936.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japan-manchuria-great-industrial-exposition-toyama-prefecture-1936/) - See also: Hiroshima Showa Industrial Exposition, 1929. Japanese Pavilion, A Century of Progress International Exposition, Chicago, 1933. Exposition celebrating the 70th anniversary of the “Meiji Assembly”, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1938. Exposition of Shining Technology (2,600th National Foundation Anniversary), 1940. "Toyama’s visions of greatness through empire began in the 1890s, with the build-up to the Sino-Japanese - [Keio University library, Ikebukuro, Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/keio-university-library-ikebukuro-tokyo-c-1920/) - See also: Keio University Hospital, Tokyo (Shinanomachi), c. 1920. Keio University baseball players on the field, c. 1910. The origin of the main library of Keio University traces back to the vision of Fukuzawa Yukichi, the founder of Keio University, who emphasized the importance of Western learning and research. Fukuzawa believed that a comprehensive library - [Yoshinoya Ryokan, Kaga Yamanaka Onsen, Ishikawa Prefecture, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yoshinoya-ryokan-kaga-yamanaka-onsen-ishikawa-prefecture-c-1930/) - At Yamanaka No need to pick chrysanthemums With your scented waters. - Basho See also: “Yamagata Palace” onsen-ryokan at Taka-yu, Minami-Murayama, Yamagata, c. 1920. Menoyu Ryokan, Asama hot springs, Matsumoto, c. 1930. "The spa I selected was Yamanaka, which is half-an-hour's ride in an electric car from Daishoji Station on the main line. "The inn - ["Opening of the telephone office" commemorative postcard, Fukushima City, Fukushima Prefecture, 1907.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/opening-of-the-telephone-office-commemorative-postcard-fukushima-city-fukushima-prefecture-1907/) - See also: 50th Anniversary of the Telephone, 1926. 60th Anniversary of the Telephone commemorative postcards, 1936. Telephone service in Japan started in the 1870s, and by the 1890s, public-exchange operators had become essential components of the growing telecommunications infrastructure, particularly in large cities like Tokyo and Osaka. Telephone operators were introduced shortly after the first - [Imperial Japanese Navy officer's dress uniform, c. 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-japanese-navy-officers-dress-uniform-c-1905/) - See also: Propaganda postcard reproduction of a 35th Army Day poster, March 10, 1940. “This is the Japanese greatest admiral …”, Admiral Togo, 1906. “Life in the Navy” postcard series, c. 1930. The Imperial Japanese Navy underwent significant changes during the Meiji Period (1868–1912), particularly in its officers' dress uniforms, reflecting Japan's modernization and growing - [Fire Brigade Parade commemorative postcards, New Year's Day, Tokyo, 1912.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/fire-brigade-parade-commemorative-postcards-new-years-day-tokyo-1912/) - "Japan's first fire service was founded in 1629 during the Edo period, and was called hikeshi (lit. 'fire extinguish'). "During the Meiji Period, the hikeshi was merged into the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department in 1881. During this period, pumps were imported and domestically produced, and modern firefighting strategies were introduced. "The fire service would remain - [Hanetsuki (Japanese Badminton), New Year's cards, 1910 & 1939.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hanetsuki-japanese-badminton-new-years-cards-1910-1939/) - See also: Akemashite Omedetou (Happy New Year), c. 1910. "The decorated paddles, hagoita, are made from the lightweight wood of the paulownia tree (kiri 桐). The original function of the paddle was for a game similar to badminton but without the net, hanetsuki, that is played primarily by girls and women. "For the game, a - [Ascending Mt. Hiei, Kyoto, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ascending-mt-hiei-kyoto-c-1930/) - See also: “The Famous Place of Mt. Hiei”, Enryakuji, Kyoto, c. 1930. Mount Hiei has long been a pilgrimage destination, and the introduction of these cable car lines in the 20th century allowed for easier access to the mountain, enhancing tourism and preserving the area's natural trails, reflecting Japan's evolving approaches to tourism and transportation. - ["Nagoya sightseeing celebration", Nagoya Station, Nagoya, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nagoya-sightseeing-celebration-nagoya-station-nagoya-c-1910/) - See also: Nagoya Castle, Nagoya, c. 1910. Nagoya Station grand re-opening, Nagoya, 1937. Kirin Brewery, Yokohama, c. 1930. The Marusan Brewery Company was established in 1887 by the Kohashi family of Handa, Japan, a small city south of Nagoya. Its brand name, "Kabuto", refers to the traditional Japanese samurai kabuto helmet, in the modern day - [The Kawakami Theater performing "Okan" at Meiji-za, Tokyo, c. 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-kawakami-theater-performing-okan-at-meiji-za-tokyo-c-1905/) - See also: Teruha, the “Nine-fingered Geisha,” c. 1910. The Smiling/Laughing Geisha, c. 1910. Tokyo Amateur Dramatic Club, c. 1910. Kitamura Trio, Tokio’s Foremost Equilibrists, 1917. The Kawakami Theater’s principal players were Kawakami Otojiro, a raconteur, actor and comedian (and for whom the troupe was named), and his wife, Sadayakko, a famed geisha and dancer at - ["The Five Stock Exhibition of Hokkaido," c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-five-stock-exhibition-of-hokkaido-c-1910/) - "One day in Tokyo, when I happened to turn over the photograph of a British woman war worker feeding pigs, a Japanese clerk looked over my shoulder and asked if the animals were sheep. Sheep are so rare that an old ram was once exhibited at a country fair as a lion. The difference between - ["The Miyagi, An Agricultural College", Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-miyagi-an-agricultural-college-sendai-miyagi-prefecture-c-1910/) - See also: “Stock farm of cows near Sapporo”, Hokkaido, c. 1920. “Live Stock Exposition”, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1919. "Education in the Empire of Japan during the Meiji Restoration was a high priority for the government, as the leadership of the early Meiji government realized the need for universal public education in its drive to modernize - [Grand Hotel, Yokohama, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/grand-hotel-yokohama-c-1910/) - "Mr. H. E. Manwaring, the very capable boniface, who presides over the destinies of the Grand Hotel at Yokohama, is one of the men whose name is known to travelers all over the world. 'Manwaring? Oh, yes! You mean Manwaring of the Grand, Yokohama, of course!' And it is 'of course,' of course. I have - [Patriotic Women's Association propaganda postcard series, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/patriotic-womens-association-postcard-series-c-1940/) - See also: Thousand-person Stitches (Sennin-bari) propaganda postcard, c. 1940. “Do not forget”, Imperial Rescript for the Declaration of War, propaganda postcard, c. 1942. "Between 1890 and 1935, the Choshu clique's leaders and their successors built a machine to mobilize the rural populace for total war in the face of growing threats to Japan's national unity. - [Japan-US Relations, c. 1908.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japan-us-relations-c-1908/) - See also: Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905). Anglo-Japanese Alliance, c. 1905 Secretary of War Howard Taft & First Daughter Alice Roosevelt in Japan, 1905. "The Russo-Japanese War [1904-1905] ... marked the moment when America and Japan began to directly face each other across the Pacific as two young and powerful nations. "Japan's rise to prominence transformed its - ["The Exposition of the Shining Japan" advertising postcard, Hyogo, 1936.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-exposition-of-the-shining-japan-advertising-postcard-hyogo-1936/) - See also: Japan-Manchuria Great Industrial Exposition, Toyama Prefecture, 1936. Great Manchurian Exhibition, Dairen, Manchukuo, 1933. “Great Exhibition of Japan’s Rapid Progress” advertising postcard, Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture, 1936. "In the 1930s, the Japanese national and prefectural governments sponsored a series of trade and industrial exhibitions designed to bolster productivity and to instill patriotism. The exhibitions - ["Great Exhibition of Japan's Rapid Progress" advertising postcard, Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture, 1936.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/great-exhibition-of-japans-rapid-progress-advertising-postcard-gifu-city-gifu-prefecture-1936/) - See also: Great Manchurian Exhibition, Dairen, Manchukuo, 1933. Japan Pavilion, Golden Gate International Exposition, San Francisco, CA, 1939. The 'Great Exhibition of Japan's Rapid Progress' was held in 1936 at the end of the prewar domestic exposition era, from March 25th through May 15th. The exhibition drew more than 1,900,000 visitors to its 35+ exhibition - [Gifu Prefectural Museum of Natural Resources, Gifu City, Gifu Prefecture, 1908. (Colorized)](https://www.oldtokyo.com/gifu-prefectural-museum-of-natural-resources-gifu-city-gifu-prefecture-1908-colorized/) - See also: “The interior of the Kyoto Commercial Museum”, Kyoto, c. 1920. Nagara-gawa (Nagara River) Bridge, c. 1920. Following the Meiji Restoration (1868), Gifu Prefecture* experienced significant changes in the management and development of its natural resources as part of Japan's broader modernization efforts. Historically, the prefecture served as the center of swordmaking for the - [The Statue of Saigo at Ueno Park, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-statue-of-saigo-c-1910/) - "During these years, Saigo himself returned to his home of Kagoshima (the former Satsuma domain), also in Kyushu. There he founded a private military academy. "His local support was so strong that Kagoshima prefecture had effectively seceded from the national government by 1876. The prefecture forwarded no taxes to Tokyo. It ignored other social reform - [Mitsubishi Ki-2-I & Ki-2-II "Army Type 93" Light Bomber, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mitsubishi-ki-2-type-93-bomber-c-1935/) - The Mitsubishi Ki-2-I and Ki-2-II (Army Type 93 Twin-engine Light Bombers) were developed by Mitsubishi in the 1930s for the Imperial Japanese Army Air Service (IJAAS). Adapted from the Junkers S36 prototype, the Ki-2 series began with the Ki-2-I, first flown in 1933. Despite its dated design, the Ki-2-I saw effective use in Manchukuo and - [Mitsubishi No. 2 (I.J.A. 2MB2) prototype light bomber, c. 1925.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/i-j-a-mitsubishi-no-2-2mb2-prototype-light-bomber-c-1925/) - See also: Nagoya Aircraft Works, Mitsubishi Aircraft Co., Nagoya, c. 1925. Mitsubishi 2MR4 (Type 10) Carrier Reconnaissance biplane, c. 1930. "The Mitsubishi 2MB2 or Experimental Washi-type Light Bomber was a single-engined biplane light bomber of the 1920s. A single example was built for the Imperial Japanese Army, but no production followed. "In 1925, the Imperial - ["Onna-bugeisha" (Women castle guards) mannequins on display at the "modern customs exhibition" window display, Matsuzakaya department store, Ueno, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/onna-bugeisha-women-castle-guards-mannequins-on-display-at-the-modern-customs-exhibition-window-display-matsuzakaya-department-store-ueno-c-1930/) - See also: Imperial Palace panorama, c. 1920. "[T]he ladies of Edo Castle [during the Tokugawa era] lived in seclusion. Visitors were admitted no further than the edge of the omote, the outer palace, where the bureaucrats dealt with affairs of state. Beyond that lay the naka-oku or middle palace, the residence of the shogun and - [Ferris Wheel at the Meiji (Tokyo) Industrial Exhibition, Tokyo, 1907.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-industrial-exhibition-tokyo-1907/) - "When a person in one gondola goes toward the blue sky, another one in a different gondola slowly goes down to the earth, which sucks (the experience) dry (of joy). The inventor of the Ferris wheel was a philosopher." - Gubijinso (The Poppy), Soseki Natsume, 1907 See also: Meiji Industrial Exhibition, 1907 Feb. 14 is - [Attack on Pearl Harbor propaganda postcard, c. 1942.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/attack-on-pearl-harbor-propaganda-postcard-c-1942/) - See also: “Christmas Greetings from the Covells”, Yokohama, c. 1930. The Battle of Wong Nai Chung Gap (Hong Kong) propaganda postcard, 1942. Sinking the HMS Prince of Wales and HMS Repulse propaganda postcard, 1941. Early victories of the Great East Asia War, propaganda postcard series, c. 1942. "Just before I got into the plane, the - [Waseda University, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/waseda-university-tokyo-c-1910/) - "Mainstream scholars accepted this historical existence of Emperor Jimmu and worked on chronology, to general satisfaction. There were few exceptions, and they were not popular with leading academic scholars. "The outstanding exception was Tsuda Sokichi of Waseda University. His cumulative research, beginning in 1913 with Jindaishi no Atarashii Kenkyu [New Studies on the History of - ["Rugby", Naval Engineering College, Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, 1939.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/rugby-naval-engineering-college-yokosuka-naval-arsenal-1939/) - See also: Keio University baseball players on the field, c. 1910. The 6th Far Eastern Championship Games advertising postcard, 1923. Otokonoko (“young boy”) sumo “wrestler”, c. 1910. Rugby was first introduced to Japan in the treaty ports around 1866, with the establishment of the Yokohama Foot Ball Club, where games were primarily played between British - [Great Japan Aviation Boy Scouts ("Dai Nihonkōkū seishōnen-tai") recruitment postcard, c. 1938.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/great-japan-aviation-boy-scouts-dai-nihonkoku-seishonen-tai-recruitment-postcard-c-1938/) - See also: “Student at Tokyo Army Aviation School” propaganda postcard, c. 1940. “Kamikaze”, Tokyo-London World Record Flight, 1937. "From the very beginning, the youth aviator was most definitely seen by the military and society as [being] different from the soldier. "While all Japanese men upon reaching twenty theoretically became eligible for the military draft, youths - ["The Hodzu Rapids", Kyoto, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-hodzu-rapids-kyoto-c-1910/) - See also: In the Rain at Arashiyama, c. 1910 "[The] Rapids of the Katsura-gawa and Arashi-yama are famed for cherry blossoms and autumn tints. This expedition makes a pleasing variety in the midst of day spent in visiting temples ... The short railway trip is highly picturesque, the line running along but high above the - [Mt. Kasagi postcard series, Kyoto, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mt-kasagi-postcard-series-kyoto-c-1930/) - See also: “The Famous Place of Mt. Hiei”, Enryakuji, Kyoto, c. 1930. The Temple of the 33,333 images of Kwannon, Sanjūsangen-dō, Kyoto, c. 1920. Nagao Pass & Mt. Fuji, Hakone, c. 1940. Climbing Mt. Asama, Karuizawa, c. 1920. "The mountain is rather to be classified as a small hill, but the place is historically very - [Fishing at Hozu River, Kyoto, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/fishing-at-hozu-river-kyoto-c-1910/) - See also: The Hodzu Rapids, Kyoto, c. 1910 In the Rain of Arashiyama, Kyoto, c. 1910 "The person who taught me how to fish was an old man named Sato Koseki. "Years ago Koseki took me fishing along the Sagami River and the streams of Masutomi, but at the time I found the sport strangely - [Kobe Port Opening Exhibition and Naval Review, Kobe, 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kobe-naval-review-and-port-opening-exhibition-kobe-1930/) - See also: Grand Fleet Review, Osaka-Kobe, 1930. The Bund, Kobe, c. 1910. Kawasaki Dockyard Co. (Aviation Department), Hyogo, Kobe, c. 1925. The Kobe Port Opening Exhibition was held from September 20 through October 31, 1930, coinciding with and briefly overlapping the Grand Fleet Review the weekend of October 25-26. The exhibition was in celebration of - [Central Military Preparatory Academy (Chuo Yonen Gakko), Ichigaya, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/central-military-preparatory-school-c-1910/) - "The Military Academy, together with the Military Preparatory School, occupies an elevation contiguous to that where the Hachiman Shrine above mentioned stands and is the only institution in Japan where military cadets are educated. The school is on the site formerly occupied by a mansion of the House of Owari, the grounds standing about 100 - [A View of Shinagawa Bay, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/a-view-of-shinagawa-bay-c-1910/) - See also: “The Express Train at Sea-Coast of Shinagawa,” 1912. Drying of Laver at Shinagawa, c. 1910. Tokaido Highway, Shinagawa, Tokyo, woodblock reprint c. 1920. The creation of “Greater Tokyo,” 1932. "Skirting the bay by a decent road, we perceive how shallow the water is hereabouts; sand banks and mud flats being left above water - ["Fuji mountain from Suzukawa", 1906.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/fuji-mountain-from-suzukawa-1906/) - See also: Mt. Fuji, from Yuigahama, Kamakura, c. 1920. Views of Mt. Fuji, c. 1910-1950. Mount Fuji reflected upon Lake Ashi, c. 1920. "Suzukawa [has] that the nearest and most perfect view of Fuji. Nowhere else does the 'Peer-less Mountain' so absolutely dominate its surroundings. The beauty of the stretch of shore from here to - ["Abt system railway at Usui Pass", Karuizawa, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/abt-system-railway-at-usui-pass-karuizawa-c-1910/) - "The Abt rackrail section across the Usui Pass is located 3,000 ft. above sea-level, and the difference in level amounts to 1,817 ft. [over] a length of 6.9 miles. This steep section was electrified in 1912. Twelve rack electric locomotives are in service, each capable of drawing, at a speed of 11 mi. per hour, - ["Standing watch", 2nd Sino-Japanese War, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/standing-watch-2nd-sino-japanese-war-c-1940/) - See also: “The Battle of the Railway Corps”, 2nd Sino-Japanese War, c. 1940. “The Shanghai Trouble” postcard series, 1932. Dear Father: Autumn is here. I was startled by the cool autumn wind after suffering from the well over one-hundred-degree temperatures we've been experiencing until now. The skies are beautiful too and are filled with stars. - [Propaganda postcard reproduction of a 35th Army Day poster, March 10, 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/propaganda-postcard-reproduction-of-a-35th-army-day-poster-march-10-1940/) - See also: Exposition of Shining Technology (2,600th National Foundation Anniversary), 1940. “Patriotic March” (“Aikoku koshinkyoku”) propaganda postcard, c. 1937. 2600th Anniversary of the Founding of Japan, 1940. Final Imperial Japanese Navy Fleet Review, 1940. "A recruit entering the Imperial army in 1936 was one of 240,000 regular active duty soldiers and officers … The peacetime - [Changing fashion (school uniform), c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/changing-fashion-school-uniform-c-1920/) - See also: Changing fashion (Western dress), c. 1910. "Towards the end of Meiji era and the beginning of Taisho era, due to the influences from foreign countries, the mixture of Japanese culture and western culture was formed. "The uniform school boys wore was called gakuran. It has a hat, a black top with a stand-up - [Ikaya Ryokan, Naoetsu, Niigata Prefecture, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ikaya-ryokan-naoetsu-niigata-prefecture-c-1910/) - See also: “Ski”, Takada (Joetsu), Japan, c. 1915. Naraya Hotel (Ryokan), Hakone, c. 1910. Menoyu Ryokan, Asama hot springs, Matsumoto, c. 1930. Naoetsu was an important port on the Sea of Japan during the Kamakura period (1192–1333). It experienced a decline in the early 1600s and was known merely as an outport for the more-prosperous - [Nagara-gawa (Nagara River) Bridge, Gifu Prefecture, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nagara-gawa-nagara-river-bridge-c-1920/) - "The main part of the Nagara-gawa bridge [following the 1891 earthquake consisted] of nine independent thrust girders of wide span. The piers at the two ends of one of these girders are completely wrecked and the girders have fallen bodily into the bed of the river. The piers on either side of the two mentioned - [Changing fashion ("Shampoo Coiffure"), c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/changing-fashion-coiffure-c-1910/) - See also: Hair fashion, c. 1910. “Modern Shampoo” advertising postcard, c. 1935. "The inroads of the Western barber were far more rapid than those of the Western tailor. Liberated Meiji women went in for a pompadour known as 'eaves', from its way of projecting outwards in a sheltering sweep. "A few geisha and courtesans adopted - [J.G.R./J.N.R. Steam Locomotive Evolution, 1872-1948.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/j-g-r-j-n-r-steam-locomotive-evolution-1872-1948/) - See also: C55 Streamlined Locomotive and Mt. Fuji, c. 1940. “5000 Miles of Railway in Japan” commemorative postcard, Nagoya, 1906. 50th Anniversary Commemoration, Imperial Government Railways, 1922. "Two early encounters with steam locomotives piqued Japanese interest in the technology. "One month after Commodore Matthew Perry's 'Black Ship' squadron first appeared off the Japanese coast at - [Takashimaya Department Store, Nihonbashi, Tokyo, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/takashimaya-department-store-c-1940/) - See also: Imatake-designed Takashimaya advertising postcards, 1947. "The first Takashimaya store was opened in Kyoto in 1831 as a sole proprietorship owned by Shinshichi Iida, a merchant from present-day Fukui Prefecture. The original store in Kyoto was only 3.6 square meters in area and specialized in selling gofuku [formal kimono]. In 1855 the store was - [St. Hilda's Chapel, Tokyo, c. 1912.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/st-hildas-chapel-tokyo-c-1912/) - "St. Hilda's, which was only a few hundred yards from St. Andrew's Anglican Church, was described by Canon Tristam in 1894 as being 'picturesquely situated on the side of a beautifully wooded little ravine', the home of an English sisterhood which has been established by Bishop Bickersteth, and much work is going on. Especially as - [Tamagawa Station and Onsen Amusement Park, Toyoko Line, Den-en-Chofu, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tamagawa-station-and-onsen-amusement-park-toyoko-line-den-en-chofu-tokyo-c-1930/) - See also: Korakuen Amusement Park, c. 1960. Hanayashiki, Asakusa Park, c. 1920. Mino-o [Minoh] Park Entrance, Osaka, c. 1915. (Colorized) Takarazuka Hotel, Takarazuka Baths & the Takarazuka Grand Theatre, Takarazuka, c. 1920-1930. "The small, busy stop [Tamagawa Station] opened in 1923 and is connected by not one but three lines: the Meguro, Tamagawa and the - [Nogeyama Park, Yokohama, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nogeyama-park-yokohama-c-1935/) - See also: Nogeyama Daijingu, Yokohama, c. 1910 "Nogeyama Park lies on the slope of a low hill and commands an extensive view of Yokohama and port. Laid out after 1923 [following the Great Kanto Earthquake], it is the largest park in Yokohama and gives a good example of Japanese landscape gardening. "Besides, a large swimming - [Reproduction of Hiroshige ukiyo-e "Hôki Province: Ôno, Distant View of Mount Daisen (Mt. Oyama)", c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/reproduction-of-hiroshige-ukiyo-e-hoki-province-ono-distant-view-of-mount-daisen-mt-oyama-c-1930/) - See also: “Night snow at Kanbara”, Hiroshige postcard reproduction, c. 1940. Postcard reproduction (partial) of Hiroshige’s “Kinryūzan Temple in Asakusa”, Tokyo, c. 1940. "Some prints of Medium and Post-card sizes are pictures reproduced from the masterpieces by Hiroshige, Hokusai and Utamarao, etc. "[To reproduce] the old color prints, photographs are taken in diminished sizes and - ["Japanese troops passing Czech [Legion] headquarters in inter-Allied parade", Vladivostok, Russia, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japanese-troops-passing-czech-headquarters-in-inter-allied-parade-vladivostok-russia-c-1920/) - See also: Siberian Intervention commemorative postcard, c. 1920. "[C]onditions in Siberia were going from bad to worse. "The Bolsheviki were everywhere fraternizing with German and Austrian prisoners of war whom they had released ... The number of liberated war prisoners in that region was estimated variously between 30,000 to 60,000. "At that critical period a - [Kanda River, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kanda-river/) - See also: Yedogawa, c. 1910 Yanebune on the Sumida River, c. 1910. "The story of the Kanda River is a story as old as Edo itself. It is part and parcel of the evolution of the city. There was a time within recorded history that the Kanda River never existed. Though a portion of it - [Bankoku Bridge, Yokohama, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/bankoku-bridge-yokohama-c-1910/) - "With the view of connecting the city of Yokohama and the new reclaimed compound, an iron bridge 42 ft. in width is built and denominated 'Bankoku Bashi' ('The Bridge to 10,000 Nations')." - Japan To-Day: A Souvenir of the Anglo-Japanese Exhibition, 1910 "By a reclamation of the foreshore, the area at present available in front - [Meguro Gajoen, Tokyo, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/meguro-gajoen-c-1940/) - "Widely believed to be the model for the setting of Miyazaki Hayao's Oscar-winning anime Sen to Chihiro no Kamikakushi (Spirited Away), Meguro Gajoen offers a lavish, magnificent and hyperkitsch interior. "... In 1931, founder Hosokawa Rikizo built Gajoen to offer a casual but museum-like setting wherein visitors could enjoy food and a bath, transplanting to - [Izu Funabara Onsen postcard series, Izu City, Shizuoka, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/izu-funabara-onsen-izu-city-c-1930/) - "From the scenic charm of Hakone, from the simple dignity of the hills, we drove down into the prosaic town of Mishima. "Our intention was to spend the night at a mineral resort called Kami-Funabara, where a wealthy Tokyo merchant had built a besso (villa) for himself and converted it into a hotel. We were - [Wedded Rocks (Meoto Iwa), Futami Ise, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/wedded-rocks-meoto-iwa-futami-ise-c-1910/) - See also: 2600th Anniversary Founding of Japan commemorative postcard, Bureau of Crime Prevention, 1940. 59th Ise Jingu Shikinen Sengu Anniversary commemorative postcard, 1953. "Amaterasu is the daughter of the kamis, Izanami-no-mikoto (She Who Invites) and her male partner Izanagi-no-mikoto (He Who Invites), cocreators of the Japanese islands, other deities, and humankind. "... The divine couple - [Tokyo Tower, c. 1960-1970.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-tower/) - See also: Nagoya TV Tower, Nagoya, c. 1955 Tsutenkaku Tower, Osaka, c. 1930. "Of all the many structures built in Tokyo during the post-war years, one stood out specifically as a monument to the reconstruction itself. This was Tokyo Tower, the instantly famous landmark opened to considerable fanfare in late 1958." - Tokyo, the Changing - [Kora Taisha Shrine ("National Shrine of the Gods"), Kurume, Fukuoka Prefecture, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kora-taisha-shrine-national-shrine-of-the-gods-kurume-fukuoka-prefecture-c-1920/) - "Takara Taisha Shrine is affectionately known to locals as the 'God of the Mountain' and is known as one of the largest shrine buildings in Kyushu. Its main building, designated as an Important Cultural Property of Japan, is spectacular, but the shrine has an even more special charm. "From the observation deck behind the shrine - [Opening Day of the "Chikatetsu", Tokyo Underground Railway Co., December 1927.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/opening-day-of-the-chikatetsu-tokyo-underground-railway-co-december-1927/) - See also: Constructing Tokyo’s first subway, 1925-1927. First Subway in the Far East "The first underground railway to be constructed in the Far East was opened in December [1927] between Ueno and Asakusa, Tokyo, a little over one mile in distance. It has since been working to the complete satisfaction of all concerned, there being - ["Buckwheat noodle (soba) house" deliveryman, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/buckwheat-noodle-soba-house-deliveryman-c-1920/) - See also: Soba culture, c. 1910. “Eating with chopsticks”, c. 1910. Tokyo, Friday, February 28 "The other evening we went out after dinner and took a walk to a lively street not far off — booksellers with their things spread out on the sidewalk or rather road, little lunch wagons, crowded streets and shops — - [Views of Mt. Fuji, c. 1910-1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/views-of-mt-fuji-c-1910-1950/) - See also: “Fuji from Gotemba”, c. 1910. Mt. Fuji and Lake Hakone Railway Access and Bus Routes, c. 1930. Fujiya Hotel, Miyanoshita Nagao Pass & Mt. Fuji, Hakone, c. 1940 "A wise man will climb Mt. Fuji once; a fool will climb Mt. Fuji twice." - An old Japanese proverb "But look! the peerless mountain - [Shanghai Race Course, Shanghai, China, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/shanghai-race-course-shanghai-china-c-1910/) - See also: “The Shanghai Trouble” postcard series, 1932. Imperial Japanese Navy Shanghai Naval Landing Force (SNLF) Marine, 1932. "Gambling on horse racing initially served as an amusement of the [Shanghai, China] foreign community. "Track meets at the Shanghai Race Club, which with its adjoining recreation grounds covered sixty-six acres of the choicest property in the - [Picking persimmons, unknown artist, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/picking-persimmons-with-a-bamboo-pole-c-1950/) - "Persimmon juice and lacquer are two ingredients of art paint that come from Japan; and these products have no parallel in other countries. Persimmon juice is especially useful for mixing paint in damp countries, of which Japan is one. Yet the use of persimmon juice in paint is hardly known at all in western countries. - ["The way to upmt [sic] Fuji from Gotenba", Climbing Mt. Fuji, Gotemba, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-way-to-upmt-sic-fuji-from-gotenba-climbing-mt-fuji-gotemba-c-1920/) - "Mt. Fuji is the highest mountain in Japan proper, and its graceful form and prominent position near the Pacific Ocean have rendered it an object of admiration amounting almost to worship. "There are five approaches to the mountain, from Gotemba and Subashiri (east), Yoshida (north), Ōmiya (west), and Suyama (south). Coolie-guides, called gōriki, may be - [I.J.A. Mitsubishi Ki-21 Type 97 ("Sally") Heavy Bomber, ca. 1938.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/i-j-a-mitsubishi-ki-21-type-97-sally-heavy-bomber-ca-1938/) - See also: I.J.N. Mitsubishi B2M1 Type-89 torpedo bomber, c. 1930. Mitsubishi A6M2 “Zero”, c. 1940. Mitsubishi 1MT, c. 1922. "The Mitsubishi Ki-21 (formal designation 'Type 97 Heavy Bomber', Kyūnana-shiki jūbakugekiki) was a Japanese heavy bomber first introduced into service in 1938 with production ended with the Pacific War in 1945. "It began operations during the - [Kingyo (Goldfish), c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kingyo-goldfish-c-1940/) - See also: Akita dog puppies, c. 1910. "Japan, where the culture of goldfish has been highly developed, is regarded as the home of goldfish. Because of their beauty of shape and color goldfish are bred by goldfish fanciers and commercial breeders, and are especially prized for their graceful appearance and for their brilliant coloring. While - [Maid holding "tenugui" [cotton hand towel], c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/maid-holding-tenugui-cotton-hand-towel-c-1920/) - See also: Maiko playing “onigokko” (“devil catch”), c. 1920. Laundry girls, c. 1910. "This unhemmed strip of cloth [tenugui], about one yard long and a foot wide, dates as far back as the Nara perod when it was used as a tool for cleaning in shrines and temples. [It] became widely available in the Edo - [Tokyo Exposition for Domestic Industry Promotion in Commemoration of the Great Coronation, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1928.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-exposition-for-domestic-industry-promotion-in-commemoration-of-the-coronation-ueno-park-tokyo-1928/) - See also: Peace Commemorative Exposition, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1922. Taisho Exhibition, Ueno Park, 1914. "Under the auspices of the Tokyo Chamber of Commerce and Industry, the Tokyo Exhibition for the Encouragement of National Industries in Commemoration of the Coronation is being held for two months from March 24 this year [1928] in Ueno Park, Tokyo, - [The "Asia Express", Shougaku Sannensei Manga advertising postcard, Manchukuo, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-asia-express-shougaku-sannensei-manga-advertising-postcard-manchukuo-c-1935/) - "No single object epitomized Manchukuo's encounter with modernity more vividly and embodied its modernist urge more succinctly than the Asia Express, 'the last word in modern steam railway transportation.' "This ultra-modern high-speed train was the pride of the SMR's empire and the prototype to Japan's later bullet trains. Manufactured in the SMR's workshops in Dalian, - [Crown Prince Hirohito's Return to Japan from Europe, 1921.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/crown-prince-hirohitos-return-to-japan-from-europe-1921/) - See also: Crown Prince Hirohito’s Tour of Europe, 1921. All Japan Cheers Hirohito's Return "TOKIO, Sept. 3 (Associated Press) - The return of Crown Prince Hirohito today from his tour of Europe was accompanied by national rejoicing never before equaled. The greater part of the navy met the warships conveying the Crown Prince's party - [50th Anniversary commemorative postcard, Nankai Railway Co., Osaka, 1934.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/50th-anniversary-commemorative-postcard-nankai-railway-co-osaka-1934/) - The privately-owned and operated Nankai Electric Railway Co., Ltd. was founded on June 16, 1884 as the Osaka-Sakaikan Railway, the first railway company in Japan to be established purely by private capital. Through as series of expansions and mergers, the company was renamed Nankai ('South Sea') in 1897, a name derived from the company's routes - ["To stop in the middle of a process is ...", Simplified Insurance Bureau advertising postcard, unknown artist, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/to-stop-in-the-middle-of-a-process-is-simplified-insurance-bureau-advertising-postcard-unknown-artist-c-1930/) - See also: “My family has two coats of armor”, Imperial Life Insurance Co. advertising postcard, c. 1930. Fukuju Life Insurance Co. New Year’s advertising postcard, Nagoya, 1930. Jinju Seimei Hoken K.K. (Jinju Life Insurance Co.), Tokyo, c. 1920. "The Postal Life Insurance Bureau, the predecessor of Japan Post Insurance, was founded in 1916. "Created with - [35th Annual Athletic Sports promotional postcard, Hokkaido Imperial University, Sapporo, c. 1915.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/35th-annual-athletic-sports-hokkaido-imperial-university-sapporo-c-1915/) - See also: Undokai (Sports Day), c. 1930. The 6th Far Eastern Championship Games advertising postcard, 1923. Meiji Shrine Games, Tokyo, 1926. Q: How did track and field sports got started in Japan? A: There were two sources, I think. First, they were a part of athletic events held by residents of Japan’s foreign enclaves during - [Postcard reproduction (partial) of Hiroshige's "Kinryūzan Temple in Asakusa", Tokyo, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/postcard-reproduction-partial-of-hiroshiges-kinryuzan-temple-in-asakusa-tokyo-c-1940/) - See also: “Night snow at Kanbara”, Hiroshige postcard reproduction, c. 1940. Festival at Asakusa Park, c. 1910. Five-Storied Pagodas, c. 1910-30. "Some prints of Medium and Post-card sizes are pictures reproduced from the masterpieces by Hiroshige, Hokusai and Utamarao, etc. "[To reproduce] the old color prints, photographs are taken in diminished sizes and are pasted - [Naval Engineering College, Yokosuka, 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/naval-engineering-college-yokosuka-1910/) - See also: Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, c. 1910. Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, 1936. Yokosuka Naval Base (U.S.), c. 1949. "When we discuss the all-important aspect of technology in the modernization of Japan, reference to the Dutch or the British connection is usually in order. "... But there was also a French connection in modern Japan, though perhaps - ["Kamikaze", Tokyo-London World Record Flight, 1937.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-london-world-record-flight-1937/) - See also: First Airplane Flight in Japan, 1910 Tokyo-London-Rome Flight, 1931 "For a brief period in 1937, the Mitsubishi Type 97 Ki-15 was the fastest production airplane in the world. It was a high-speed reconnaissance aircraft capable of flying faster and higher than any fighter it would encounter at the time. Fully aerobatic, it could - [Maple season at Takinogawa, Oji, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/maple-season-at-takinogawa-oji-c-1910/) - "The maple leaves have douned the bright garb of autumn in gardens, fields and mountains, withe the coming of frost. Just now the season is at the highest, and the 'crimson' leaves are the most beautiful. "Many holiday-makers travel daily out of the city jin quest of autumn scenes, and not a few take a - [Imperial Japanese Navy Battleship "Mutsu", c. 1925.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-japanese-navy-battleship-mutsu-c-1925/) - See also: Imperial Japanese Navy Battleship “Nagato”, c. 1925. “‘Eight-Eight’ Fleet Program”, Imperial Japanese Navy, c. 1925. "After World War II most of the Imperial Japanese Navy’s battleships were at the bottom of the sea or scrapped, leaving the pre-dreadnought-turned-memorial ship Mikasa, victor of the 1905 Battle of Tsushima, as Japan’s sole survivor. Yamato is - ["Nitaka", Nakajima-Douglas DC-2, Japan Air Transport Co., Ltd. advertising postcard, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nitaka-nakajima-douglas-dc-2-japan-air-transport-co-ltd-advertising-postcard-c-1935/) - "The Douglas DC-2 was a 14-passenger, twin-engined airliner that was produced by the American company Douglas Aircraft Company starting in 1934 to compete with the Boeing 247. "Although soon overshadowed by the DC-3, the DC-2's ubiquitous and venerated successor, it was the DC-2 that first demonstrated passenger air travel could be comfortable, safe and reliable. - [Nippon Tabi Co. Ltd., Kurume, Fukuoka, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nippon-tabi-co-ltd-kurume-fukuoka-c-1930/) - See also: Nippon Ford Assembly Plant, Yokohama, c. 1930. "In 1918, Shojiro Ishibashi established Nippon Tabi Co., Ltd., turning it from a small family business into a more organized, larger incorporated business. Ishibashi abolished the firm's original custom-made production business model in favor of manufacturing and selling only one product: tabi (Japanese split-toed socks). "In - ["Nippon" round-the-world flight, Aug.-Sept.,1939](https://www.oldtokyo.com/round-the-world-flight-1939/) - See also: Mitsubishi G3M "Nell", 1935-1945 2600th Anniversary of the Founding of Japan, 1940. "The Japanese good-will plane Nippon landed at Newark Airport at 1:37 P.M. today [Sept. 8, 1939] after a flight from Chicago, her crew uncertain as to whether they would follow the original plan to visit Germany, France and England, after touring - [Tokyo "Black Markets", 1945.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-black-market-1945/) - "This is Tokyo’s Ueno, the most pugnacious part of town, where tempers and nostrils flare, and every inch of territory - even the space under a train trestle - is guarded jealously. Yes, it is just the sort of place where, not so very long ago, there was a bloody row in which the locals - [Tōrō & Rising Half-Moon, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/toro-rising-moon-c-1910/) - "The moon of the springtime loses her brightest beams among the blossoms of the flowers; in the summertime the water reflects her image in purer tints than her own light; in the winter the north wind robs her rays of much of their lustre; but in the autumn all nature is her friend, and rejoices - [Geisha and full moon, unknown artist, c. 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/geisha-and-full-moon-unknown-artist-c-1905/) - See also: Torii and toro, “Starlit Night, Miyajima”, shin-hanga by Hasui Kawase, 1928. Geisha with flower, c. 1910. Teruha, the “Nine-fingered Geisha,” c. 1910 "The geishas have a special dancing style of their own with a choreography that, like all other Japanese dances, has no resemblance to what we call dancing. "The dancers glide along - [Japan Tourist Bureau (JTB), c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japan-tourist-bureau-jtb-c-1920/) - See also: “Shodoshima Kankakei Ropeway” tourist postcard, Seto Inland Sea, c. 1940. Nara Park, Nara, c. 1910 “Swarm of deer at Nara Park”, Nara, c. 1910. "In March 1893, a voluntary organization called Kihin-Kai [Welcome Society of Japan], headquartered in Tokyo Shokokai (the predecessor of the present Tokyo Chamber of Commerce and Industry), was formed - [Osaka Mint, Osaka, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/osaka-mint-osaka-c-1920/) - See also: Osaka Castle, Osaka, c. 1930. Tsutenkaku Tower, Osaka, c. 1930. Osaka Castle, Osaka, c. 1930. "Our first visit [in Osaka] was paid to the mint. Curiously enough I had never been over one before, so the interest in my case was not merely local. It was quite fascinating to watch the bars of - ["Pulling the sled", c. 1950. Unknown woodblock artist.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/pulling-the-sled-c-1950-unknown-woodblock-artist/) - See also: “Oyatsu” [Afternoon refreshment], c. 1950. Unknown woodblock artist. Picking persimmons, unknown artist, c. 1960. "In the northern sections of Japan where the snowfall is heavy and lies deep, travelers have to invent devices for over coming difficulties of locomotion. "One of the devices used is the sukari which somewhat resembles an Indian snowshoe, - ["Imperial Head-Quarters during the [First] China-Japan War", Hiroshima, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-head-quarters-during-the-china-japan-war-hiroshima-c-1910/) - See also: “Japanese troops marching scene to Ping Yang (Pyongyang) [in 1894]”, Russo-Japanese War propaganda postcard, c. 1905. Battle of the Yalu River (1894), propaganda postcard, c. 1905. "At the onset of the First Sino-Japanese War (1894-1895), the Imperial Headquarters, the top of the wartime command hierarchy, moved from Tokyo to Hiroshima, as did the - [Emperor Meiji meets General Grant, 1879.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/emperor-meiji-meets-general-grant-1879/) - See also: Meiji Shrine Outer Garden & Meiji Memorial Picture Gallery under construction, c. 1925. “General Grant” tree, Nagasaki, c. 1910. "I have listened with much interests [sic] to all that Genl. Grant has kindly said, and I will give deliberate consideration upon those subjects. Thanks to him."- Emperor Meiji "One of the most important - [Changing time(s).](https://www.oldtokyo.com/changing-times/) - See also: National Census commemorative postcards, 1920 & 1935. "When the shoguns ruled Japan, a day had twelve hours. Each hour was named after one of the Chinese Zodiac animals, so dawn was the Hour of the Rabbit, and dusk was the Hour of the Rooster. Noon was Mid-Horse, and the Hour of the Tiger - ["Hōjō Sōun (Ise Shinkurō) laying seige to Odawara Castle", published c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hojo-soun-ise-shinkuro-laying-seige-to-odawara-castle-published-c-1930/) - See also: Himeji Castle, c. 1920. The Bronze Statue of Kusunoki Masashige, Tokyo, c. 1930. . "Born Ise Moritoki, he was originally known as Ise Shinkurō and, later, also known as Hōjō Sōun. Traditionally, Soun held a reputation of a rōnin who rose to power almost overnight in Kantō; however, he was a samurai of - [Ice Skating, Yatsushiro-ike, Mt. Rokko, Kobe, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ice-skating-yatsushiro-ike-japan-c-1930/) - See also: Ice Skating at Kanaya Hotel, Nikko, c. 1930 Ice skating at Lake Suwa, Nagano, c. 1930. "Although evidence exists from 1804 of explorer and cartographer Kondo Morishige publishing a depiction of a reindeer pulling an Ainu man on primitive skates, Japan's humble beginnings in actual figure skating seem to trace back to Manchuria. - ["Sansa Shigure" Dancers, Kyoto, c. 1930-40.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sansa-shigure-dancers-c-1930-40/) - "Sansa Shigure [passing fine rain] is an elegant love song originally from Miyagi prefecture in Kyushu. A love affair is compared to a soft rain falling on a straw roof: Is it the fog / Or rain on the grass? So quietly / It comes and wets. Wave your long sleeves, (young girls) If not - [Muneage (Ridge-pole ceremony), c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/muneage-ridge-pole-ceremony-c-1930/) - "With the rapidity of Japanese house-building the ‘ridge-pole ceremony’ follows very soon after the consecration of the site. Often the timber has been cut to size, dove-tailed, and the framework arranged in part before the site of the land is actually consecrated. "... And it is extraordinary how well-trained is the average carpenter, joiner, plasterer, - [2600th Founding Anniversary Nissan pumper fire truck, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/2600th-founding-anniversary-nissan-pumper-fire-truck-c-1940/) - See also: Dezome-shiki (“First event”), New Year’s Day, c. 1910 & 1960. "Twenty-five years ago [1888] there was no water works in any part of Japan. Neither was there any fire-extinguishing apparatus, anything even remotely approaching fire engine, if one exclude the hand-pump with wooden tube-like hose, which sends feeble jet of water a few - ["Tomb of Soga Brothers", Hakone, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tomb-of-soga-brothers-hakone-c-1920/) - See also: The 47 Ronin (Genroku Ako Vendetta) "One of the many tales of filial revenge told to children is that of 'the Soga boys.' "In the time of Yoritomo1, while on the hunt in the mountains, one Kudo shot and killed Kawadzu. Of the slain man's two sons, one was sent to a monastery - ["Oyatsu" [Afternoon refreshment], c. 1950. Unknown woodblock artist.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/oyatsu-afternoon-refreshment-c-1950-unknown-woodblock-artist/) - See also: Picking persimmons, unknown artist, c. 1960. “A Bamboo Horse”, boys on bamboo stilts [takeuma], c. 1910. "Sanji no oyatsu in Japanese reads 'the 3 o’clock snack' ...[I]ts origin is said to be from the time 八刻 or 'yatsudoki', which refers to the time from 2 to 4 p.m., [was] used in the Edo - ["We are proud to be the Best of the Best", Kawase Zen Shouten "O-bon" paper lantern advertising postcard, Tokyo, c. 1925.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/we-are-proud-to-be-the-best-of-the-best-kawase-shoten-o-bon-paper-lantern-advertising-postcard-tokyo-c-1925/) - "The festival of O-Bon has come, and along the city streets are kindled fires to light the returning spirits to their homes; on every porch and balcony are hung lanterns, glowing balls of light, some with long streamers that wave and flutter in the breeze, or bits of glass that tinkle as if ghostly hands - [Bijin & Elixir, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/bijin-elixir-c-1910/) - "[Jintan's] Japanese founder, Morishita Hiroshi, had an eye on China even before he began to produce 'Humane Elixir' at Osaka in 1893. "Throughout his life, he had been interested in Chinese medicine (kanpo, in Japanese), and while serving with the Japanese army in Taiwan at the turn of the century, he had conceived the idea - [Armistice Celebration Ending the Great War, Tokyo, November 1918.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/armistice-celebration-ending-the-great-war-tokyo-november-1918/) - "Nov. 21 [1918] - The citizens of Tokyo formally celebrated the European Armistice, when 2,500 distinguished guests were invited to meet the city and government officials at Hibiya park and more than a million people turned out to witness the proceedings and the parade. "The Mayor of Tokyo [Tajiri Inajiro] and the Premier [Hara Takashi] - ["Pleasant promenade buses and clear guided tours", Tokyo, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/pleasant-promenade-buses-and-clear-guided-tours-tokyo-c-1940/) - See also: Tokyo Motorbus Co. “Yellow Bus”, c. 1940. Tokyo Sightseeing Bus Co. advertising postcards, Tokyo, c. 1930. "Beginning on June 17, 1926, Tokyo Motorbus offered half-day tours on set routes to avoid the hassle of collecting fares at each destination. "During the 1930s, additional bus companies sold an increasing variety of tours, including a - [Urakami Cathedral (and Mitsubishi Shipyard), Nagasaki, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/urakami-cathedral-mitsubishi-shipyard-nagasaki-c-1930/) - See also: Mitsubishi Shipyard, Nagasaki, c. 1910. Peace Memorial Park, Hiroshima, c. 1960. "The Urakami District of Nagasaki was the location where hidden Christians (kakure kirishitan) resided between the 17th to 19th centuries in the time of the ban on Christianity during the Tokugawaa bakufu. Today, it is also known as the location above which - [View of Matsushima, near Sendai, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/view-of-matsushima-inland-sea-c-1910/) - "The archipelago of pine-class islets collectively bearing the name Matsushima [lit. 'pine islands'] has been famed for its beauty ever since Northern Japan was conquered from the Ainu aborigines in the 8th century, and ranks as one of the San-kei, or 'Three Most Beautiful Scenes' of the empire, the other two being Miyajima and Ama-no-Hashidate. - [Tsutenkaku Tower, Osaka, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tsutenkaku-tower-osaka-c-1930/) - [Note: The founder of Matsushita Electric, now known universally as Panasonic, apprenticed as an electrician in Osaka before founding his eponymous company in 1918. In his memoir, published in 1954, Matsushita Konosuke remembers:] "Osaka Electric also did the wiring for the Tsutenkaku Tower, which was built in 1912 in the Shinsekai district after the model - [Mt. Asama, Karuizawa, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mt-asama-karuizawa-c-1930/) - See also: Climbing Mt. Asama, Karuizawa, c. 1920. Karuizawa, c. 1920. "Mount Asama is an active complex volcano in central Honshū, the main island of Japan, and is the most active volcano on the island. The Japan Meteorological Agency classifies Mount Asama as rank 'A'. It stands 2,568 metres (8,425 ft) above sea level on - [Kaishiki No. 6 aeroplane, c. 1913.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kaishiki-no-6-aeroplane-c-1913/) - See also: Kaishiki No. 1 Biplane & Yamada Dirigible, c. 1911 "Following the arrival of the four Maurice Farman 1913 aircraft from France, the manufacture in Japan of Kaishiki ['math solution'] No.5 and No.6 was put under the two officers who had studied in France and purchased the aeroplanes, Lt Kenjiro Nagasawa and Lt Shigeru - [Dogo Onsen, Matsuyama (Iyo District), Ehime, Shikoku, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/dogo-onsen-matsuyama-iyo-district-shikoku-c-1910/) - "Dogo, as already indicated, is almost invariably preferred to Matsuyama by Japanese travellers visiting these parts. Indeed it is, next to Konipira, the favourite place in Shikoku on account of its mineral springs, excellent inns, and pretty park. "The baths, which are public, are of three different degrees of strength, the two stronger being resorted - ["The Tengu rock, Mt. Bandai", Fukushima Prefecture, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-tengu-rock-mt-bandai-fukushima-prefecture-c-1920/) - "Mt. Bandai (6,481 ft.) is the name of a group of several peaks. It is also known as Aizu-Huzi for its resemblance to Mt. Huzi [Fuji]. "The group lies approximately 3 to 4 m. N. of Lake Inawashiro, and an unsurpassed view of the surrounding country is obtained from the summit. Many lakes were formed - [Japanese Lanterns (Chochin).](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japanese-lanterns-chochin-c-1960/) - See also: Japanese kite makers, c. 1960. “Doll-maker”, c. 1930. "The Chochin of Japan, or portable lantern as it means, is one of our most typical bamboo articles. "Known the world over, the Japanese lantern is artistic in design but simple in construction, since it is made of bamboo-strips joined together with strings and covered - [I.J.N. Mitsubishi B2M1 Type-89 torpedo bomber, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/i-j-n-mitsubishi-b2m1-type-89-torpedo-bomber-c-1930/) - "The Mitsubishi B2M was a Japanese carrier-based torpedo bomber of the 1920s and 1930s. It was built by Mitsubishi to a design by Blackburn Aircraft of Britain. "In 1927, the Japanese company Mitsubishi commissioned the British aircraft manufacturer Blackburn Aircraft to design an aircraft, which would be built under license by Mitsubishi if successful, to - [Daijo Of "Kanadehon chushingura" (The Treasury of Loyal Retainers), c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/daijo-of-kanadehon-chushingura-the-treasury-of-loyal-retainers-c-1910/) - See also: The 47 Ronin (Genroku Ako Vendetta). Kabuki theater & Kabuki actors, c. 1910. "The same holds true of a country at peace: the loyalty and courage of its fine soldiers remain hidden, but the stars, though invisible by day, at night reveal themselves, scattered over the firmament. Here we shall describe such an - [Minoo (Minoh) Waterfall, Osaka, ca. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/minoo-minoh-waterfall-osaka-ca-1930/) - See also: Mino-o [Minoh] Park Entrance, Osaka, c. 1915. (Colorized) "Minoo Park (also spelled Mino or Minoh) is a forested valley on the outskirts of Osaka, just north of the urban sprawl. During the fall, it is one of the best places in the Kansai Region to see the autumn colors in a natural setting. - [Atagoyama (Atago Hill), Tokyo, c. 1910-30.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/atagoyama-atago-hill-tokyo-c-1910-30/) - See also: Ohanami (Cherry Blossom Viewing) The Tokyo Broadcasting Office, Atago Hill, c. 1930 "Through the gateway may be seen the double flight of steps, the one leading up to the top of the hill, in a perpendicular and unbroken line; the other curving less abruptly upward. And, although the height is probably the same, - [Changing fashion (Swimsuit) #2, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/changing-fashion-swimsuit-c-1910/) - "The new body consciousness of the moga [modern girl] was manifested in the popularity of ocean bathing and the swimsuit. By the mid-Taisho period, sea bathing [for recreation] was increasingly common for young middle-class Tokyoites. "... Modernity has forms - it does not necessarily need a fully articulated idea. For the moga, the sporty clothing - [Himeno Hotel, Beppu, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/himeno-hotel-beppu-c-1930/) - See also: The Natural Sand Baths and Onsen, Beppu, c. 1910-1930. “Yamagata Palace” onsen-ryokan at Taka-yu, Minami-Murayama, Yamagata, c. 1920. Onsen (hot springs) culture. "Beppu from the water at night was a crescent of lights -- reflected in a bay that is smooth as glass and surmounted by jagged black hills. Its streets were gay - [International House, Azabu, Tokyo, 1968.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/international-house-azabu-tokyo-1968/) - "Most of the eleven weeks I was in Tokyo [in 1958] - living almost luxuriously in that cultural caravanserai known as The International House of Japan, on a hill in Azabu in grounds once owned by the famous family of Iwasaki. From my balcony I had, to right and left, contrasting views, symbolizing perhaps the - [Gamagori Hotel, Gamagori, Aichi Prefecture, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/gamagori-hotel-gamagori-c-1940/) - "There is one [hotel] which every foreign visitor tries to stay at. This is the Gamagori. It is the perfect blend of the Swiss chalet and the rustic American or Canadian log cabin. It is neither too large to give the impression of being a glorified barracks, nor too small to make it impossible to - [Child dance, "performed" by a child mannequin, Imperial Household Museum, Ueno, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/child-dance-performed-by-a-child-mannequin-imperial-household-museum-ueno-tokyo-c-1930/) - See also: Sansa Shigure Dancers, c. 1930-40. Japanese master swordsman Hibino “Raifu” Masayoshi, c. 1910. "Dainichi-do bugaku (Vairocana Temple Dance) is a yearly set of nine sacred ritual dances and music, named for the imperial palace ensemble performances, 'bugaku', and from the palace's ensemble's visit to Hachimantai, Kazuno District, Akita Prefecture, during the reconstruction of - [Nijubashi, Imperial Palace.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nijubashi-imperial-palace/) - See also: Imperial Palace Gates, c. 1905 "Looked on from the front, it can appear that a single two-storied span across the palace moat connects the grounds of the Inner Sakuradamon with the main Seimon when, in fact, it is two bridges leading over the moats. The bridges, once wooden and arched, were replaced with - [I.J.N. torpedo boat squadron, Russo-Japanese War, c. 1904.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/i-j-n-torpedo-boat-squadron-russo-japanese-war-c-1904/) - "Night had fallen. The sea off Port Arthur lay flat and gleaming like an enormous field of coal. The only disturbance for miles around was a foaming path, slowly being plowed across this black waste by a column of 11 torpedo boats bearing the insignia of Imperial Japan. "... Captain Shojiro Asai, the officer in - ["London Town", Marunouchi, Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/london-town-marunouchi-c-1920/) - See also: Marunouchi District, 1900-1950 “Josiah Conder’s three-story buildings, which he designed for the Mitsubishi group, were red-brick structures with white stone quoins. Windows and doors were outlined in white stone. "The new Western-style district he created was known as 'London Town'. Its streets were lined with trees and the newest of modern appurtenances, poles - [Tanabata Matsuri (Star Festival), c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tanabata-matsuri-star-festival-c-1940/) - "Fairylike in its fantasy is its legend: That on the eve of July 7th, Shokujo, or Weaver Princess Star, is supposed to meet Kengyu, or Herdboy Star, on the bank of Amanogawa ('River of Heaven'), or Milky Way, for their annual tryst. (Verda is the Princess Star; Altair, the Herdboy Star - the pairing of - [O.S.K. Line "Nishiki Maru", c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/o-s-k-line-nishiki-maru-c-1935/) - See also: M.S. “Oto-maru”, Inland Sea routes, O.S.K. Lines, c. 1930. “Principal services of O.S.K. Line”, Osaka Shosen Kaisha, c. 1930. The Nishiki Maru was launched in 1934, and started service on the Beppu route. It was one of the first ships to comply with a new Japanese safety regulation requiring watertight compartments on seagoing - [I.J.N. training cruise to the Mediterranean Sea, 1926-1927.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/i-j-n-training-cruise-to-the-mediterranean-sea-1926-1927/) - See also: Imperial Japanese Navy training cruise to Hawaii, the U.S. and Canada, 1914. The Tokyo Nautical School training ship “Taisei Maru”, 1906. "While the [training voyages] had the primary purpose of providing long-spell sea experience to cadets, they were also part of the grand adventure Japan had embarked on to interact with and learn - [Kasumigaseki (Government District), c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kasumigaseki-government-district-c-1910/) - See also: Josiah Conder: Department of the Navy, Kasumigaseki, c. 1910 Ministry of Communications, c. 1910. The imposition of "unequal treaties" on Japan by the West in the 1850's and 1860's provided the impetus to modernize (i.e. "Westernize") the nation's legal codes and government institutions. With the promulgation of the Meiji Constitution in 1890, Japan - [Seiyoken Hotel, Tsukiji, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/seiyoken-hotel-tsukiji-c-1910/) - See also: Imperial Hotel (1890-1922) Tsukiji Foreign Settlement, c. 1900 "Since the emperor's arrival in Tokyo [in 1867], the Tsukiji Hotel had been entrusted with the task of furnishing European-style imperial banquets. The hotel opened in the summer of 1868 and for more than three years, before vanishing in flames with 5,000 other buildings in - [The Big Torii from Matsubara Itsukushima, Aki, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-big-torii-from-matsubara-itsukushima-aki-c-1910/) - See also: Mikado Hotel, Miyajima, c. 1910 "The apparition thanked [Taira no] Kiyomori for the repair of 'our pagoda' and urged him to attend next to 'our shrine' of Itsukushima in Japan's Inland Sea. The Itsukushima Shrine, the apparition explained, was another place where the Great Sun Buddha manifested himself. If you rebuild the ruined - [Grand Fleet Review, Osaka-Kobe, 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/grand-fleet-review-osaka-kobe-1930/) - See also: I.J.N. Nobile N-3 semi-rigid airship, c. 1927. Final Imperial Japanese Navy Fleet Review, 1940. Emperor Meiji at the Grand Fleet Review, 1905. Naval Battles of Miyako Bay and Hakodate (May 1869), Boshin War commemorative postcards, c. 1930. Japan's first naval review took place off-shore from Osaka the first year of Meiji Era, 1868. - [Memorial battleship "Mikasa", Yokosuka, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/memorial-battleship-mikasa-yokosuka-c-1930/) - See also: IJN battleship “Mikasa”, c. 1910. “This is the Japanese greatest admiral …”, Admiral Togo, 1906. "Mikasa is a pre-dreadnought battleship built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) in the late 1890s, and was the only ship of her class. Named after Mount Mikasa in Nara, Japan, the ship served as the flagship of - [Mizu shobai ["Water trade"] culture, Club Seryna, Ginza, c. 1970.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mizu-shobai-water-trade-culture-club-seryna-ginza-c-1970/) - "The origin of the term mizu shobai (the water trade) is endless debated. The more prosaic interpretation is that the ‘water’ is simply the alcohol upon which the trade floats; the more poetic is that the business reflects the impermanence of life itself. "The ancestor of today’s mizu shobai was the ukiyo - the Floating - [The Second Kyoto Railroad Terminal, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-second-kyoto-railroad-terminal-c-1940/) - See also: Tokyo Station, 1914-1940. Kobe Station, c. 1920. Manseibashi Station, Tokyo (1912-1936). The Station (1914-1950) "The story of Kyoto Station is a story of Kyoto’s progress through the modern era. Three Kyoto Stations were built before the current building, each showing a gradual increase in size and utility. The first, built in 1877, was - [Dai Nippon Butoku Kai ["Greater Japan Martial Virtue Society"], Akita branch, 1906.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/dai-nippon-butoku-kai-greater-japan-martial-virtue-society-akita-branch-1906/) - See also: Butokuden (Military Arts Hall), Suwayama Park, Kobe, c. 1910. "The Dai Nippon Butoku Kai ["Greater Japan Martial Virtue Society"] was first established in 1895 at Kyoto under the authority of the Japanese Government and with the endorsement of Meiji Emperor, to 'solidify, promote, and standardize martial disciplines and systems' throughout Japan. It aimed for - ["Building of the Arts", Taisho Exhibition, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1914.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/building-of-the-arts-taisho-exhibition-ueno-park-tokyo-1914/) - See also: Taisho Exhibition, Ueno Park, 1914. "Of the various buildings for the Taisho Exhibition, completed toward the end of February, the Palace of Fine Arts is one of the most attractive and gorgeous structures. "It contains thirteen different sections, all furnished in the highest possible design so as to accord perfectly with the exhibits - ["Assembling a comfort bag" propaganda and advertising postcard, c.1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/assembling-a-comfort-bag-propaganda-and-advertising-postcard-c-1940/) - See also: Thousand-person Stitches (Sennin-bari) propaganda postcard, c. 1940. Dai Nihon Kokubo-fujin (Greater Japan National Women’s Defense Association), c. 1940. “Girls manufacturing parachutes”, propaganda postcard, c. 1945. "A 'comfort bag' (imon-bukuro) was a bagged gift package prepared by civilians to be sent to Imperial Japanese soldiers for the purpose of encouraging them. The bag typically - [Final Imperial Japanese Navy Fleet Review, 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/final-imperial-japanese-navy-fleet-review-1940/) - See also: 2600th Anniversary of the Founding of Japan, 1940. Exposition of Shining Technology (2,600th National Foundation Anniversary), 1940. Emperor Meiji at the Grand Fleet Review, 1905. "A Naval Review took place [on 11 October 1940] to celebrate the 2,600th anniversary of Emperor Jimmu's enthronement. Ninety-eight IJN warships totalling 596,060 tons were present. Emperor Hirohito - ["Nasunoyoichi shooting a fan [at] a great distance", c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nasunoyoichi-shooting-a-fan-at-a-great-distance-c-1920/) - See also: “To shoot an arrow”, c. 1920. “Shinyo Maru”, T.K.K. Line, c. 1920-1930. "Nasu no Yoichi (c. 1169 – c. 1232) was a samurai who fought alongside the Minamoto clan in the Genpei War. He is particularly famous for his actions at the Battle of Yashima in 1184. "According to the Heike Monogatari ('The - [Lafcadio Hearn's home, Matsue, Japan, c. 1950.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/lafcadio-hearns-home-matsue-japan-c-1950/) - "At the end of the nineteenth century, Lafcadio Hearn was one of America’s best-known writers, one of a stellar company that included Mark Twain, Edgar Allan Poe, and Robert Louis Stevenson. "Twain, Poe, and Stevenson have entered the established literary canon and are still read for duty and pleasure. Lafcadio Hearn has been forgotten, with - [Japan Electrical Exhibition, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1918.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japan-electrical-exhibition-ueno-park-tokyo-1918/) - See also: Osaka Electrical Exhibition, Osaka, 1926. Meiji (Tokyo) Industrial Exhibition, Ueno Park, 1907. Peace Commemorative Exposition, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1922. Taisho Exhibition, Ueno Park, 1914. Japan-British Exhibition, London, 1910. "The Electrical Exhibition, which was held at Uyeno Park, Tokyo, between March 20 and May 20 of this year, was a unique landmark in the - [Kawasaki Dockyard Co. (Aviation Department), Hyogo, Kobe, c. 1925.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kawasaki-dockyard-co-aviation-department-hyogo-kobe-c-1925/) - "A famous firm of ship builders [has] been constructing, under license, for some years past the Salmson biplane and the Salmson engine, large numbers of which have been supplied to the Japanese army. "During 1924, [Kawasaki Dockyard Co.] obtained the licenses to construct Dornier metal aircraft, the B.M.W. engine, and the Vincent Andre radiator." - - ["Modern Shampoo" advertising postcard, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/modern-shampoo-advertising-postcard-c-1935/) - See also: Hair fashion, c. 1910. Changing fashion (“Shampoo Coiffure”), c. 1910. Changing fashion (Western dress), c. 1910. "When Nagase Tomiro opened his first Western sundries shop in Tokyo in 1887, cosmetic soap used for the face and body was not commonly seen in the average Japanese household, and in Japan neither hand washing nor - [59th Ise Jingu Shikinen Sengu Anniversary commemorative postcard, 1953.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/59th-ise-jingu-shikinen-sengu-anniversary-commemorative-postcard-1953/) - "I learned in September 1953 that the renewal of the Great Shrine at Ise, normally performed every twenty years but delayed this time because of the war, was to take place the next month. At the end of The Narrow Road of Oku, Basho mentions going to Ise to witness this ceremony and I was - ["Snow man built by a sister & brother", c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/snow-man-built-by-a-sister-brother-c-1910/) - "In the northern and western coast provinces, where the snow falls to the depth of many feet and remains long on the ground, it forms the material of the children's playthings, and the theatre of many of their sports ... [T]hey make many kinds of images and imitations of what they see and know. "In - [Nagano Station and Princess Nyozehime statue, Nagano, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nagano-station-and-princess-nyozehime-statue-nagano-c-1960/) - "There’s a statue of a woman named Princess Nyoze outside of Nagano Station. She’s smiling gently as she holds an offering in her hand. "According to her story, Princess Nyoze was the daughter of a rich family in India, where she lived a comfortable life. However, one day she suffered from a terrible illness that - [Nunobiki Waterfall at Kobe, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nunobiki-road-kobe-c-1910/) - "The Nunobiki Waterfalls are about 20 min. from the Kobe foreign settlement. The path first reaches the Men-daki, or 'Female Falls,' 43 ft. high; then passing through a tea-house and under a covered bridge, it climbs to other tea-houses commanding a view of the upper, or 'Male Fall' (On-daki), 82 ft. high. Paths lead down - [Kobe harbor, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kobe-harbor-c-1910/) - See also: Ikariyama, "Anchor Mountain", Kobe, c. 1910 Oriental Hotel, Kobe, c. 1910 "Kobe is the favourite port in Japan, owing to the purity and dryness of its air, and its nearness to many places of beauty and interest, such as Kyoto, Lake Biwa, Nara, and the Inland Sea. The port of Kobe, whose exports - [Air Transport Command (US), c. 1947.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/air-transport-command-us-c-1949/) - "With the end of the war [in 1945], the Air Transport Command found itself in limbo. Senior USAAF authorities considered ATC to be a wartime necessity that was no longer needed, and expected its civilian personnel, including former airline pilots, to return to their peacetime occupations. Senior ATC officers, on the other hand, thought that - [Japan Air Transport Co., c. 1933.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japan-air-transport-co-c-1933/) - See also: JATC Airspeed As.6 Envoy, 1936 Haneda Airfield (Pre-war) On 30 October 1928, the Japanese government established the Japan Air Transport Corporation (JATC) - Nihon Koku Yuso K.K. - as the national flag carrier under the Ministry of Communications. JATC absorbed the privately-owned Japan Air Transport Institute and two other small companies, and began - [Constructing Tokyo's first subway, 1925-1927.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/constructing-tokyos-first-subway-1925-1927/) - "The need for more adequate transportation in Tokyo has been very evident for several years. Tokyo’s tram system is totally incapable of standing up to the demands made upon it and, in addition, the population of the city, including suburbs, is yearly increasing by some 133,000. "The first line of projected subway is to extend - [I.J.N. Navy Yokosuka K1Y1 Type 13 Land-Based Trainer, c. 1925.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/i-j-n-navy-yokosuka-k1y1-type-13-land-based-trainer-c-1925/) - "The Yokosuka K1Y, also known as the Navy Type 13 Trainer, was a Japanese single-engined biplane trainer of the 1920s. Designed by the Imperial Japanese Navy Arsenal at Yokosuka, over 100 were built by several manufacturers, the type being used by the Imperial Japanese Navy well into the 1930s. "In 1924, the Yokosuka Naval Air - [Peace Commemorative Exposition, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1922.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/peace-commemorative-exposition-1922/) - The Tokyo Peace Commemorative Exposition [Hakurankai jimukyoku] was held March 10-July 22, 1922 at Ueno Park to commemorate the fourth anniversary of the end to the Great War (World War I) in 1918. The size and beauty of the Exposition far surpassed any other fair that had been held in Japan up to that time. - ["View of the Machida shaft, Iwaki Colliery Co.", Fukushima Prefecture, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/view-of-the-machida-shaft-iwaki-colliery-co-fukushima-prefecture-c-1910/) - See also: Kosaka Copper Mine, Kosaka, Akita Prefecture, c. 1920. “Mitsui Salicylic Acid”, Miike Dye Works, Mitsui Mining Co., Omuta, Kyushu, c. 1928. The Iwaki Coal Mining Co., Ltd. "The Head Office of the Company stands at No. 20, Minato-gashi, Kyobashi-ku, Tokyo. The company came into existence in February 1894. "... The company owns two - ["How Newspapers Come to Be", Tokyo Asashi Shimbun operations postcard series, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/how-newspapers-come-to-be-tokyo-asashi-shimbun-operations-postcard-series-c-1935/) - The Asahi Shimbun was founded in 1879 as a small Osaka publication, but quickly rose in prominence as a source of news and literature. In 1888, its operations were expanded into Tokyo with the incorporation of the Tokyo Asahi Shimbun. In 1908 the two newspapers merged to form a single corporate entity but still published - ["Commemorative Cruise to Manchuria and Korea", Rosetta Maru, 1906.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/commemorative-cruise-to-manchuria-and-korea-rosetta-maru-1906/) - See also: Roseta hoter [sic], Tokyo, c. 1910. "In 1906, the year following Japan’s much celebrated victory over Russia, Japan’s leading daily, the Asahi Newspaper Company, came up with the idea of organizing a group tour to the new colonies in order to capitalize on the newfound patriotic fervor. Though Japan had a long history - [View of the stage and interior, Kabukiza, Tokyo, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/view-of-the-stage-kabukiza-tokyo-c-1960/) - See also: Kabuki Theatre, 1911-1951 Kabuki theater, and Kabuki actors How Faubion Bowers Saved Kabuki "Kabuki is a matter of beauty in a flash, that a movement in the flash of a second determines all ... what you can only conclude to be a divine act, a marvelous moment of an act, which the actor - [I.J.N. light aircraft carrier "Ryūjō", c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/i-j-n-light-aircraft-carrier-ryujo-c-1935/) - See also: Imperial Japanese Navy aircraft carrier “Akagi”, c. 1930. Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff, 1936. "Ryūjō ('Prancing Dragon') was a light aircraft carrier built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) and commissioned in 1931. Small and lightly built in an attempt to exploit a loophole in the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922, she proved - [Nagoya Aircraft Works, Mitsubishi Aircraft Co., Nagoya, c. 1925.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nagoya-aircraft-works-mitsubishi-aircraft-co-nagoya-c-1925/) - See also: Mitsubishi 2MR4 (Type 10) Carrier Reconnaissance biplane, c. 1930. "Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. ranked first among Japanese industries in weight of airplanes produced because of the large number of relatively heavy bombers it assembled but ranked second in number of airplanes produced. "... Mitsubishi's interest in airplanes stems from 1918 when Dr. Kumezo - [Tosa, Shikoku, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tosa-shikoku-c-1920/) - See also: Kochi Castle, Tosa, Shikoku, c. 1920. Dogo Onsen, Matsuyama (Iyo District), Ehime, Shikoku, c. 1910. Round kite (wanwan-dako) flying at Naruto, Shikoku, 1935. "The word Shi-koku means 'four countries,' - a name derived from the fact of the island being divided into the four provinces of Awa to the E., Sanuki to the - [Fairmont Hotel and Budokan, Tokyo, c. 1970.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/fairmont-hotel-and-budokan-tokyo-c-1970/) - See also: Nippon Budokan, Tokyo, c. 1965. 1964 Summer Olympics Venues, Tokyo. "It is estimated that some 30,000 foreign visitors will come to Japan for the [1964] Olympics, together with another 10,000 athletes, officials and members of the press. "At the present time, foreign-style hotels in the Tokyo-Yokohama area can only accommodate 8,330 persons. New - [Graves of the Shogitai, Ueno Park, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/graves-of-the-shogitai-ueno-park-tokyo-c-1930/) - "After the bloody battle of Ueno, eighty-three slain pro-Shogunate warriors were left uncared for on the battle-field, because they were anti-Imperialists. Priest Bukki, of the Entsu-ji Temple, with government permission, therefore buried them after cremation, and he set up a grave-stone over them. "In 1875, a monument was erected on the place of their cremation - [Nakajima P-1 type night-mail delivery plane, 1934.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nakajima-p-1-type-night-mail-delivery-plane-1934/) - See also: Nakajima E4N2 reconnaissance floatplane, military recruitment postcard, c. 1935. "The Nakajima P-1 was based on the Nakajima E4N2 (Navy Type 90-2-3), a reconnaissance seaplane constructed of mixed wood and metal structure with fabric covering which first entered production for the Imperial Japanese Navy in 1931. "In 1933, Nakajima won a contract from Nihon - [The River Tama, Mt. Koya, Wakayama Prefecture, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-river-tama-mt-koya-c-1920/) - "The traveller will probably be told at Koya-guchi that the distance to Koya-san is only 3 ri; but the ri in this mountain district consists of 50 cho, which brings the distance up to 4 ri 6 cho of standard measurement, or about 10-1/2 miles English. "Of this about 1 ri can de done in - [Pioneer Aviator Ikuhara Tomoshige over Naruo race-course, Hyogo, November 1913.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/pioneer-aviator-ikuhara-tomoshige-over-naruo-race-course-november-1913/) - "Mr. Tomoshige Ikukara, aviator, who certified as an aviator by the Aero Club of America, authorized to issue such certificate by the Féderation Aeronatique Internationale, returned [to Japan] from San Francisco last Friday, in order to participate in the aviation meet of the Osaka Asahi. He brings an aeroplane from San Francisco, by which he - ["Five Important Persons of the New Government", commemorative postcard, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/five-important-persons-of-the-new-government-commemorative-postcard-c-1910/) - See also: Exposition celebrating the 70th anniversary of the “Meiji Assembly”, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1938. “Emperor of Japan”, c. 1905. "Upon the death of [Shogun Tokugawa] Iemochi his adviser and tutor Keiki became the fifteenth and last Shogun. Less than a month later Emperor Kōmei passed away and his fifteen-year-old heir ascended the throne to - [Flip-Flap, Japan-British Exhibition, London, 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/flip-flap-japan-british-exhibition-london-1910/) - See also: Japan-British Exhibition, London, 1910 In the Japanese Gardens, Japan-British Exhibition, 1910 Entrance to the Japanese Fair, Japan-British Exhibition, London (1910) "The Flip-Flap [at the Japan-British Exhibition] should not be confused with an American ride of the same name. The Flip-Flap demonstrated that an evolution was occurring in the design of rides. The Flip-Flap, - [Elevated Railway, Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/elevated-railway-tokyo-c-1920/) - See also: Yurakucho (Tokyo) Station opening, 1910. Shimbashi Station (Kasumori), c. 1910-1923. "The construction of the proposed metropolitan elevated railway of Tokyo from Shimbashi to Uyeno, for which the necessary appropriation was granted by the Diet in the 28th year of Meiji (1895), has lately been actually taken in hand. "... Between Saiwaibashi and Yamashita-mon - [Enoshima Marineland, Enoshima, c. 1965.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/enoshima-marineland-enoshima-c-1965/) - From 1954 to 1964 the largest aquarium tank in the world was at 'Marineland of the Pacific', in California, containing 640,000 gallons. Then, in 1964 an aquatarium opened in Tampa, Florida, with a tank containing 1,244,000 gallons. But, the biggest tank of all was at Enoshima Marineland in Japan. It opened ca. 1965 with a - [Japan Government Exhibit, Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. Louis, Missouri, 1904.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japan-government-exhibit-louisiana-purchase-exposition-st-louis-missouri-1904/) - See also: In the Japanese Gardens, Japan-British Exhibition, London (1910). Japan Pavilion, Golden Gate International Exposition, San Francisco, CA, 1939. "Beginning with the International Exposition, held at Vienna in 1873, and including the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, now open at St. Louis, Japan has already participated in twenty-seven World’s Fairs. Her participation in the present Exposition - [Yokosuka Naval Base (U.S.), c. 1949.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yokosuka-naval-base-us-c-1949/) - See also: Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, c. 1910. Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, 1936. "With respect to the allegation that the former Japanese naval base at Yokosuka is being converted into a modern naval base, it may be stated categorically that this is not true. "This base has been used from the beginning of the occupation by the - [Hatsudoki Seizo Co. "Daihatsu SB-7" motortrike, ca. 1938.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hatsudoki-seizo-co-daihatsu-sb-7-motortrike-ca-1938/) - See also: Nippon Ford Assembly Plant, Yokohama, c. 1930. Datsun Type 17T delivery vans, promotional postcard from the Automotive Industry Promotion Exhibition, Tokyo, October 1937. "Hatsudoki Seizo Co. Ltd. was founded in 1907, starting out as an engine maker, building stout, well-engineered diesel, electric, and gas-powered mills for industrial and agricultural applications. They even got - [Sea-bathing Place at Ito, Shizuoka Prefecture, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sea-bathing-place-at-ito-shizuoka-prefecture-c-1930/) - "Itō is one of the well known hot spring resort resort towns near the greater Tokyo metropolis, and tourism is the mainstay of the economy. "It was in this area that the Tokugawa Shogunate ordered Englishman William Adams to construct Japan's first Western-style sailing vessels in 1604. The first ship, an 80-ton vessel, was used - [How Faubion Bowers Saved Kabuki.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/how-faubion-bowers-saved-kabuki/) - See also: Kabuki Theatre, Tokyo, 1910-1950 Kabuki theater & Kabuki actors, c. 1910 View of the stage and interior, Kabukiza, Tokyo, c. 1960 "I was taking a stroll about the Ginza [in 1940] when I accidentally wandered into the Kabuki-za. I thought it was a temple." - Faubion Bowers "Faubion Bowers is known as 'The - [Nakamise, the approach to Asakusa Sensoji, Asakusa, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/entrance-of-asakusa-temple-tokyo-c-1910/) - "The Nakamise-dōri [Inside-Shops Street] is short merchandise avenue on the approach to the Asakusa Kannon temple, with numerous shops selling everything from tourist trinkets and amulets to omiyage [gift souvenirs] and genuine Edo-style crafts to various foods. It is said to have come about in the early 18th-century when neighbors of the Sensō-ji temple grounds - [Asakusa Park, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/asakusa-park-c-1910/) - See also: Hanayashiki, Asakusa Park, c. 1920 Ryounkaku (Twelve-storeys Tower), Asakusa Temple of the Goddess of Mercy, Asakusa Sensoji, c. 1910. "On no account should a visit to [the Asakusa Kannon] and surrounding grounds be omitted; for it is a great holiday resort of the middle and lower classes, and nothing is more striking than - [Temple of the Goddess of Mercy, Asakusa Sensoji, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/temple-of-the-goddess-of-mercy-asakusa-kannon-c-1910/) - "The leading income source, saisen, consisted of copper coins, the lowest-value currency, which visitors to Sensoji threw into wooden boxes as a small offering. Every Buddhist hall and Shinto shrine on the Sensoji ground had offertory boxes in front of the altars of divine statues. "Long and perpendicular with an opening at the top formed - [Tokaido Main Line Railway, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokaido-main-line-railway/) - See also: Tokaido Main Line, c. 1910. J.N.R. Limited Express commemorative advertising postcard, October 1958. Tokaido Main Line "Kodama", c. 1960 "The inauguration of the Limited Express between Tokyo and Shimonoseki has been a popular departure on the part of the Imperial Japanese Railways. The new service was started in June [1912]. The trains leave - [Akasaka Mitsuke, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/akasaka-mitsuke-c-1910/) - "The High City was sparsely populated in Edo and largely emptied by the Restoration. The high ranks of the military aristocracy went away; the lower ranks provided some of the most successful Meiji bureaucrats, politicians and entrepreneurs, and ample stories of tragedy and desperation as well. "Then they all went away, and the High City - [Tokyo City Hall, c. 1910-1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-city-hall/) - See also: Tokyo Self-Government Commemoration, 1919 A Brief History of Tokyo "In 1868, the feudal city of Edo, seat of the Tokugawa government, was renamed Tokyo, and the offices of Tokyo Prefecture (-fu) were opened. The extent of Tokyo Prefecture was initially limited to the former Edo city, but was rapidly augmented to be comparable - [Imperial Japanese Navy training cruise, Southeast Asia & Australia, 1913.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-japanese-navy-training-cruise-southeast-asia-australia-1913/) - "By the time Meiji Japan joined the race for overseas markets and territories, the world seemed entirely dominated by the Western powers, leaving few uncharted lands to the new entrant. This did not deter the Japanese from giviing free rein to their imagination, however. "Seeing the ocean as a global arena of Japan's ascendancy, Meiji - [Victory (Triumph) celebrations, 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/victory-triumph-celebrations-1905/) - See also: Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) Emperor Meiji at the Grand Fleet Review, 1905. "Tokyo also became the center of national celebrations for the triumphal returns of military commanders at the head of their armies and naval forces. "The triumphal entries followed a pattern: the commanders returned to the ritual center of the nation via Shimbashi - ["Boy Scouts practising the motto 'A good turn daily'”, c. 1920. (Colorized)](https://www.oldtokyo.com/boy-scouts-practising-the-motto-a-good-turn-daily-c-1920-colorized/) - "The Boy Scouts' movement in Japan dates from about 1913, when they were organized in different parts of the country, but they then were only juvenile cadet corps for military training or simply associations of the club type. "When the Boy Scout International Jamboree was announced to be held in London in 1920, it became - [Sand skiing, Shirahama (White Sand) Beach, near Wakayama, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sand-skiing-shirahama-beach-shimoda-c-1920/) - "The hot springs of Shirahama (Wakayama Prefecture) are well known as one of the three famous old spas of Japan, mentioned in records as far back as AD 657. "While having being known and used under different names throughout premodern times, from 1880 onwards Shirahama became an established curing place for the city dwellers of - [Korakuen Ice Palace & Korakuen Stadium, Korakuen Sports Center, Tokyo, 1964.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/korakuen-ice-palace-korakuen-stadium-korakuen-sports-center-tokyo-1964/) - See also: Korakuen Amusement Park, c. 1960. Korakuen Stadium, c. 1960 "Because of its wide variety of attractions, Tokyo should be able to retain tourists for an average of 3 to 4 days. "In promoting Tokyo, emphasis should be placed on the following: Energetic people and crowded streets, the Ginza, stores and shopping, the Imperial - [Sankeiyen, Yokohama, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sankeiyen-yokohama-c-1920/) - See also: Silk Conditioning House, Yokohama, c. 1935. Silk production, c. 1920. "Sankei-en Garden [is] owned by Mr. Tomitaro Hara, son of the pioneer of the silk trade in Yokohama, who has opened it to the public. The garden covers about 30 acres along the seashore, and can be reached by a ten minutes' walk - [Exposition celebrating the 70th anniversary of the "Meiji Assembly", Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1938.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/exposition-celebrating-the-70th-anniversary-of-the-meiji-assembly-ueno-park-tokyo-1938/) - See also: Imperial Diet Building, Kasumigaseki, c. 1890-1940. “Emperor of Japan”, c. 1905. "The coup d'etat of January 3, 1868, which abolished the Tokugawa Shogunate and established a new provisional central government in the name of the Emperor Meiji, opened a new era in the political and constitutional history of Japan. The restoration of imperial - ["Sea-bathing place", Oiso, Kanagawa, Japan, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sea-bathing-place-oiso-kanagawa-japan-c-1920/) - "Oiso, though a sufficiently flourishing town in the days when Kamakura was the military capital of Japan, now attracts attention solely for the beauty of its sea-scape and the excellence of its surf bathing. "Before the renewal of intercourse with the Western world, the idea of private villas by the sea-side or in the mountains - [Imperial Wedding, 1959.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-wedding-1959/) - See also: "Playground at Karuizawa", c. 1920 "The postwar democratization of the palace was expressed in the entry of commoner women into the imperial family. After the aristocracy had been abolished, everyone, except for the small imperial family, became a commoner. "In 1958, the government announced that Crown Prince Akihito would marry Shoda Michiko. the - [Kawana Hotel, Izu, Shizuoka, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kawana-hotel-izu-shizuoka-c-1960/) - See also: Okura Hotel, Tokyo, c. 1970 Okura Kumi (Okura Partners), Ginza, c. 1921 "While Marilyn [Monroe] did the rounds in Tokyo and finalized plans for her Korean trip, Joe [Dimaggio] and Lefty [O'Doul] went ahead to Kawana, on the Izu Peninsula, where they had scheduled a weekend of golf and relaxation at the baronial - [Hattori (Wako) Building, Ginza.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hattori-wako-building-ginza/) - See also: Ginza Crossing, c. 1910-1940 Ginza at Night, c. 1930 Mikimoto Pearls, Ginza, c. 1950 "Success did come [to Ginza], but slowly, and by 1894 the Hattori Building at Harumi-dori and Chuo-dori had begun to change the area. Its clock tower became a rendezvous spot, and what had been a newspaper building was now - [The Surrender of Singapore propaganda postcard, 1942.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-surrender-of-singapore-1942/) - "During the day on the 5th Division front, the battle had raged as vioently as in the Keppel Barracks area. Our front line had only been able to advance to the southern end of the reservoir. The troops had never before been under such heavy shellfire, from which the trenches afforded very little shelter. "The - [Hansa-Brandenburg W.29 floatplane, c. 1924.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hansa-brandenburg-w-29-floatplane-c-1924/) - See also: Nakajima E4N2 reconnaissance floatplane, military recruitment postcard, c. 1935. Nakajima E8N, “Dave”, c. 1935-45. "The Hansa-Brandenburg W.29 was a German two-seat fighter floatplane which served in the closing months of World War I with the Imperial German Navy's Naval Air Service (Marine-Fliegerabteilung) from bases on the North Sea coast. After the Armistice in - ["Yumedono at Jioguoin", Horyuji, Nara, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yumedono-at-jioguoin-horyuji-nara-c-1910/) - See also: Nippon Budokan, Tokyo, c. 1965. "The temple of Horyuji rises from the vast plain a few miles from the old capital of Nara. "Unlike the many hillside temples of Kyoto that blend into the wooded landscape - Kiyomizudera, Nanzenji, Ginkakuji - there is nothing hidden about Horyuji. It is more like the great - [Shinsekai ("New World"), Asakusa, Tokyo, c. 1959.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/shinsekai-new-world-asakusa-tokyo-c-1959/) - See also: Asakusa Rokku (Theater Street), c. 1910-1950. Kokusai Theater, Asakusa, c. 1940. Five-Storied Pagodas, c. 1910-30. "Asakusa has been a popular entertainment district since the beginning of the 17th century when the feudal dictators known as Shogun established headquarters in Edo, as Tokyo was then named. "The emperors continued to hold elaborate court in - [2600th Anniversary of the Founding of Japan commemorative postcard series, 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/2600th-anniversary-of-the-founding-of-japan-1940/) - See also: Exposition of Shining Technology (2,600th National Foundation Anniversary), 1940 This commemorative postcard series was among several released and sold in post offices throughout the Empire to celebrate the 2600th anniversary in 1940 of the "founding" of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. The stamps were issued in Manchukuo (Manchuria), Japan's newest colony, and this particular - [50th Anniversary commemorative postcard series, Meiji Gakuin, Tokyo, 1913.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/50th-anniversary-commemorative-postcard-series-meiji-gakuin-tokyo-1913/) - See also: Meiji Gakuin University, Shirokane, Tokyo, c. 1920. "You may have wondered just what sort of a school Meiji Gakuin is ... It is a school for boys that in the early days was supported from the foreign side by three missions - the Scottish Presbyterian, the American Presbyterian and the Dutch Reformed Missions. - [National Spiritual Mobilization Movement propaganda postcard, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/national-spiritual-mobilization-movement-propaganda-postcard-c-1940/) - See also: "Grab the weapon for production increase", propaganda postcard, c. 1940 Dai Nihon Kokubo-fujin (Greater Japan National Women’s Defense Association), c. 1940 "The National Spiritual Mobilization Movement (Kokumin Seishin Sōdōin Undo) was an organization established in 1937 in the Empire of Japan as part of the controls on civilian organizations under the National Mobilization - ["Sai-no-Kawara of the top [of Mt.] Fuji", Japan, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sai-no-kawara-of-the-top-of-mt-fuji-japan-c-1930/) - "‘But why are those little stones piled about the statues?’ I ask. "Well , it is because some say the child-ghosts must build little towers of stones for penance in the Sai-no-Kawara, which is the place to which all children after death must go. And the Oni, who are demons, come to throw down the - [Hankyu Department Store & Osake-Umeda Station, Umeda, Osaka, 1929.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hankyu-department-store-osake-umeda-station-umeda-osaka-1929/) - See also: Mino-o [Minoh] Park Entrance, Osaka, c. 1915. (Colorized) Takarazuka Hotel, Takarazuka Baths & the Takarazuka Grand Theatre, Takarazuka, c. 1920-1930. Matsuya (Asakuksa) Department Store & Tobu Railway, c. 1930. "In 1925, Hankyu Market — the predecessor of Hankyu Department Store — opened in Umeda as a directly-managed market division of Hankyu Corporation (then - ["Jingei"-class submarine tender & Type B1- and Type C-class submarines, c. 1941.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/jingei-class-submarine-tender-type-b1-and-type-c-class-submarines-c-1941/) - See also: Taigei-class submarine tender & K6-class submarines, c. 1935 Jingei-class submarine tenders "The Jingei-class submarine tenders were a class of submarine tenders of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), and served from the 1920s through World War II. Two vessels of this class were built between 1922 and 1924 under the Eight-eight fleet plan: the - [I.J.N. I-71 K6-class submarine & submarine depot ship "Taigei", c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/i-71-k6-class-submarine-submarine-depot-ship-taigei-c-1935/) - See also: Jingei-class submarine tender & Type-B1 and Type-C submarines Imperial Japanese Navy aircraft carrier Akagi, c. 1930 I-71 service history "The Kaidai-type submarine (shortened from Kaigun-shiki Ōgata Sensuikan, 'Navy Large-Type Submarine') was a type of 1st-class submarine operated by the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) before and during World War II. Seven variants were constructed - [Tenryu Bridge, Tokaido Main Line, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tenryu-bridge-tokaido-main-line-c-1930/) - "A serious problem which is presented to the Japanese engineer is the heavy periodic rainfall and its effect on the variation in runoff of rivers and the construction of bridges. "On this account, coupled with the absence of water storage either by natural or artificial reservoirs, the river valleys which at certain times are roaring - [Dried octopus, Amakusa, Kumamoto Prefecture, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/dried-octopus-amakusa-kumamoto-prefecture-c-1960/) - "Amakusa (天草, 'Heaven's Grass') is a series of islands off the west coast of Kyushu, the southernmost of the four main islands of Japan. Although most people today visit Amakusa to enjoy the area's rustic beauty and marine activities, history buffs interested in this period will find plenty to discover in the area's numerous museums - [Evening illuminations, Peace Commemorative Exposition, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1922.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/evening-illuminations-peace-commemorative-exposition-ueno-park-tokyo-1922/) - See also: Peace Commemorative Exposition, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1922. "Preparations for the Tokyo Peace Exposition which is to be held next spring in Uyeno Park are advancing apace. "A large force of officials of the Tokyo Prefecture, which has charge of the affair, are at work making the various arrangements for exhibits, etc., while large - ["Ueno Station in December", Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ueno-station-in-december-tokyo-c-1930/) - See also: Ueno Station, c. 1910-1920. Ueno Station, c. 1930-1950. "Only a year after the completion of the Shimbashi line [in 1872], the daimyo of the houses of Date, Ikeda, Hosokawa, Kamei, Mori, Matsudaira, and Yamanouchi petitioned the government for the right to build a railroad from Tokyo northward to Aomori, the most prominent town - [Hotel Matsudaira, Yotsuya, c. 1950.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hotel-matsudaira-yotsuya-c-1950/) - "The Matsudaira Hotel, or 'Hoteru', as we learned to say to taxi drivers, was situated a few miles west of the central Marunouchi section of Tokyo on the edge of a quiet, moderately high plateau, which because of the coolness in summer is especially desirable for a residential island. "To reach it we took off - [Nagoya Station grand re-opening, Nagoya, 1937.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nagoya-station-grand-re-opening-nagoya-1937/) - See also: Pan-Pacific Peace Exposition, Nagoya, 1937. Nagoya Castle, Nagoya, c. 1910. "In 1886, Nagoya Station was opened in Sasashima, an area which used to be a swamp and rice field. In 1889, the Tokaido Line was opened from Shimbashi Station in Tokyo to Kobe Station. At the time of its opening, there were four - [A farmer's life, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/a-farmers-life-c-1920/) - See also: A farm field in the shadow of Mt. Fuji, c. 1920. Rice farming, c. 1920. “Village life – competitive charm”, Nohonshugi (“Agrarian fundamentalism”) propaganda postcard, c. 1940. "Every few hundred feet , we passed a farm-house screened by clipped hedgerows and bosomed in trees; and at longer intervals we rolled through some village, - [Edward Prince of Wale's visit to Japan, 1922.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/edward-prince-of-wales-visit-to-japan-1922/) - See also: Crown Prince Hirohito’s Tour of Europe, 1921. Emperor Pu Yi (“The Last Emperor”), State Visit to Tokyo, 1935. "[Crown Prince Hirohito] was especially eager to entertain the Prince of Wales, who visited Japan in 1922, for Edward had treated him kindly during his own tour of Europe [in 1921]. "On one occasion during - [Togu Gosho (Crown Prince's Palace), c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/togu-gosho-crown-princes-palace-c-1920/) - See also: Akasaka Detached Palace, c. 1920-1950. Ueno Park Museums, c. 1910 "It is announced that Takanawa Palace will be hereafter called the Togu Gosho or the Crown Prince's Palace. The [existing] Crown Prince's Palace in Akasaka Palace will be known as a part of the same Palace [on the grounds of the Akasaka Detached - [The Wedding of Crown Prince Hirohito & Princess Nagako, 1924.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-wedding-of-crown-prince-hirohito-princess-nagako-1924/) - See also: Royal Carriage Departure, Tokyo Station, 1924. "The wedding of Hirohito in 1924 also became an important celebratory event. Film studios such as Nikkatsu and Shochiku as well as newspapers such as Osaka Asahi and Osaka Mainichi competed to cover it, joined by foreign news cameramen. In particular, there was a scandal in early - ["Life in the Navy" postcard series, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/life-in-the-navy-postcard-series-c-1930/) - See also: The Tokyo Nautical School training ship “Taisei Maru”, 1906. Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, c. 1910. Imperial Japanese Navy training cruise to Hawaii, U.S.A., Mexico, Panama, 1924-1925. Imperial Japanese Navy Shanghai Naval Landing Force (SNLF) Marine, 1932. "The Imperial Japanese Navy (I.J.N.) was born into a period of chaos during the Meiji Restoration in Japan. - [Mitsubishi 1MT, c. 1922.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mitsubishi-1mt-c-1922/) - See also: Mitsubishi B1M, c. 1925-35 "The Mitsubishi 1MT was a Japanese single-seat triplane torpedo bomber built by Mitsubishi for the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service. Designed by the former Sopwith designer Herbert Smith, it was intended for use aboard the Japanese aircraft carrier Hōshō, the world's first commissioned ship that was designed and built - [Ministry of Communications, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ministry-of-communications-c-1910/) - See also: Teishin-sho (Ministry of Communications), c. 1900 "On December 22, 1885 the Ministry of Communications was established, combining the Bureau of Posts and Post Station Maintenance and Shipping Bureau formerly under the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce with the Telegraph Bureau and Lighthouse Management Bureau formerly under the Ministry of Industry. "On August 16, - [Nigatsudo Temple, Nara, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nigatsudo-temple-nara-c-1920/) - "Nigatsu-dō ('The Hall of the Second Month') is one of the important structures of Tōdai-ji, a temple in Nara, Japan. Nigatsu-dō is located to the east of the Great Buddha Hall, on the hillside of Mount Wakakusa. It includes several other buildings in addition to the specific hall named Nigatsu-dō. "Nigatsu-dō was founded by a - ["Dr. Sheldon's Magnetic Liniment", Kyobashi Restaurant, Kyobashi, Tokyo, c. 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/dr-sheldons-magnetic-liniment-kyobashi-restaurant-kyobashi-tokyo-c-1905/) - See also: Bijin & Elixir, c. 1910. Kyobashi (Capital Bridge), c. 1910. "'Dr. Sheldon's Magnetic Liniment' was a patent medicine produced by the Sheldon Drug Co. of Sydney, Australia. Established in 1904, it was a company of manufacturing chemists who produced numerous cosmetic and toilet preparations. "According to Dr. Sheldon's' label, when it comes to - [Kabuki stage makeup (kumadori), c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kabuki-stage-makeup-kumadori-c-1930/) - "Kumadori stylistically beautifies and emphasizes the stereotypical personality of a specific role. At the same time, unlike the Noh masks or the Chinese stage makeup used in Peking Opera, the kumadori allows for greater power of expression since it closely follows the actual facial features and expressions of the actor." - Toshiro Morita, Kumadori, 1985 - ["Year of the Dragon" ("Ryuu"), New Year's postcards, 1916-1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/year-of-the-dragon-ryuu-new-years-postcards-1916-1928/) - People born in the year of the Dragon are the most complicated of all the 12 signs of the Zodiac cycle. They are excitable, short-tempered and stubborn. However, they are also honest, sensitive, and brave and can inspire trust in most anyone. Born 2024, 2012, 2000, 1988, 1976, 1964, 1952, 1940, 1928, 1916, 1904. See - [Kawasaki Ki-10 Type 95 fighter, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kawasaki-ki-10-type-95-fighter-c-1935/) - See also: Kawasaki Type 92 Model 1 fighter, c. 1930. Nakajima Ki-27, “Nate”, 1936-1945. "The Kawasaki Ki-10 Army Type 95 Fighter was the last biplane fighter used by the Imperial Japanese Army, entering service in 1935, but the first military aircraft wholly designed by a Japanese manufacturer. "Built by Kawasaki Kōkūki Kōgyō K.K. for the - [Kawasaki Model 1 Type 92 fighter, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kawasaki-model-1-type-92-fighter-c-1935/) - "Following the destruction of the Kawasaki parasol wing design, a new biplane incorporating a water-cooled engine, was developed, the first prototype being completed in July 1930.It proved to be the fastest aircraft developed in Japan to date, with a speed of 320 kph - faster than the 310 kph achieved by the [British] Hawker Fury - [Interiors, Tokyo Central Station, Tokyo, c. 1914.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/interiors-tokyo-central-station-tokyo-c-1914/) - See also: Tokyo Station, 1914-1940. “The Emperor’s Entrance”, Tokyo Central Station, Tokyo, c. 1920. Tokyo Station Hotel, c. 1920. "A Tokyo paper reports that the interior decoration of the Central Railway Station, the entire outward form of which was completed a few weeks ago , is now being pushed on under the supervision of Dr. - [Nippon Budokan, Tokyo, c. 1965.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nippon-budokan-tokyo-c-1965/) - See also: 1964 Summer Olympics Venues, Tokyo. Olympic Village née “Washington Heights” US Military Housing Complex, Tokyo, 1964. "The Nippon Budokan ('Japan Martial Arts Hall', often shortened to simply Budokan) was purpose-built for the inaugural Olympic judo competition in the 1964 Summer Olympics. "It is located in Kitanomaru Park, originally the location of the northernmost - ["Capt. Geo. Ash, returned Government Scout or World's Famous Cowboy", Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/capt-geo-ash-returned-government-scout-or-worlds-famous-cowboy-tokyo-c-1920/) - "On February 6, 1918, the theater Yūrakuza, built with one of the first Western influenced architectural designs, announced the show 'Cowboys and Girls' Opera' that ran for seven days. Yūrakuza was famous for featuring new styles of theaters influenced by the West, called Shingeki, compared to Kabuki and other traditional theaters. "In this figuratively and - [Kyoritsu Girls' College & Vocational School, Chiyoda, Tokyo, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kyoritsu-girls-college-vocational-school-chiyoda-tokyo-c-1940/) - See also: Doshisha Girls’ School, Kyoto, c. 1930. Sendai Private High School for Girls (Sendai Koto Jo Gakko), Sendai, c. 1910. "The name 'Kyoritsu', meaning 'standing together' in Japanese, came from the fact that there were a total of 34 people involved in the foundation of the school - among them were educator Haruko Hatoyama, - ["The Shanghai Trouble" postcard series, 1932.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-shanghai-trouble-postcard-series-1932/) - "Shanghai in 1932 was the scene of a fierce thirty-three-day fight between Chinese and Japanese. "Was this a war or a mere 'incident'? This bloody struggle that captured world headlines for five weeks in early 1932, followed by a longer period of contentious negotiations, shrank to but a footnote in history once the Sino-Japanese war - [Sasago Railway Tunnel (Chuo Line), c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sasago-railway-tunnel-chuo-line-c-1930/) - See also: Prince Ito Hirobumi state funeral, 1909. Chuo Line (neé Kobu Line), Tokyo, c. 1910. Tokaido Main Line Railway, c. 1930 "When the Sasago tunnel was completed on the Chuo line in 1903, the travel time of three hours by foot over the pass shrunk to ten minutes by train. "... For Meiji leaders, - [Hitachi table fan, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hitachi-table-fan-c-1930/) - "The Hitachi engineering works were erected in 1909 at Hitachi-mura, Taga-gun, Ibraki prefecture as the subsidiary works to the Hitachi mine. "... Though the works were originally intended to supply the mine and smeltery with electrical machineries newly built or repaired, they proceeded to expand and receive orders from the public, enthused by the current - ["The submarine's onslaught in angry seas." I.J.N. Submarine Ro-33, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-submarines-onslaught-in-angry-seas-i-j-n-submarine-ro-33-c-1935/) - See also: Imperial Japanese Navy Ro-29 class commerce raider submarine, c. 1930. “Jingei”-class submarine tender & Type B1- and Type C-class submarines, c. 1941. I.J.N. I-71 K6-class submarine & submarine depot ship “Taigei”, c. 1935. "Ro-33 was an Imperial Japanese Navy Ro-33-class submarine. Completed and commissioned in November 1935, she served during World War II - [Shimbashi Enbujo Theater, Shimbashi, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/shimbashi-enbujo-theater-shimbashi-tokyo-c-1930/) - See also: Miyako Odori, Koyoto, c. 1940. Shimbashi District, 1900-1950. Kabuki Theatre, Tokyo, 1911-1951. Nippon Theater (Nichigeki), Tokyo, c. 1930. "The Shimbashi Enbujo theatre was originally built as a venue for the geisha of the Shimbashi quarter to perform their spring and autumn traditional dance performances and, especially, the annual Azuma Odori which premiered at - [Thousand-person Stitches (Sennin-bari) propaganda postcard, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/thousand-person-stitches-sennin-bari-propaganda-postcard-c-1940/) - See also: “Assembling a comfort bag” propaganda and advertising postcard, c.1940. Nakahara Jun’ichi fashion illustrations, c. 1945-1948. "A sennin-bari (千人針 thousand-person-stitches) is a strip of cloth, approximately one metre in length, decorated with 1000 stitches, given as an amulet by women to soldiers on their way to war. "A sennin-bari haramaki ('1,000 stitch belt') could - ["Gyokushodo" incense store advertising postcard, Shitaya, Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/gyokushodo-incense-store-advertising-postcard-shitaya-tokyo-c-1920/) - "It is almost ubiquitous - this perfume of incense. It makes one element of the faint but complex and never-to-be-forgotten odor of the Far East. "It haunts the dwelling-house not less than the temple, the home of the peasant not less than the yashiki of the prince. Shinto shrines, indeed, are free from it; incense - [Nagao Pass & Mt. Fuji, Hakone, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nagao-pass-mt-fuji-hakone-c-1940/) - "One of the most scenic drives within the Tokyo-Yokohama area, and one that makes for a most pleasant weekend, is the journey around the Five Lakes at the base of Mt. Fuji, and on a clear day, the scenery is unsurpassed anywhere in the world. "... The drive begins with a charming scene as you - [Heiwa Lighthouse, Enoshima, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/heiwa-lighthouse-enoshima-c-1960/) - See also: Enoshima, c. 1910-1960. Katase Beach, Enoshima, 1910-1960. "I often took my two daughters for a walk to Enoshima, a good thirty minutes along the beach. There was a long bridge spanning the shallow water to the island. The bridge led to a narrow street, with all kinds of shops on either side and - [26th Voyage of the T.S. "Shintoku Maru", c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/26th-voyage-of-the-j-s-shintoku-maru-c-1937/) - "MARSHFIELD, June 25 - (UP) - Coos Bay has had as visitors this week - the officers and 60 cadets of the Shintoku Maru, a Japanese training ship. The 'five-and-ten' lady reports the young Nipponese have been searching her store for souvenirs of America but have had difficulty in finding anything that wasn't 'Made in - [Kikkoman brand Soy Sauce (history), c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kikkoman-brand-soy-sauce-history-c-1930/) - See also: Cape Inubosaki lighthouse, Choshi, Chiba Prefecture, Higeta Shoyu Co. advertising postcard, c. 1930. Meiji "Merry Brand" Sweetened Condensed Milk, c. 1930. “Calpis” beverage advertising postcard, 1924. “Modern Shampoo” advertising postcard, c. 1935. "The Kikkoman trademark is a hexagon, representing the pattern of a tortoise shell, within which is written '萬', calligraphy for '10,000'. - [Tokyo Nichi Nichi Shimbun (Newspaper), Yurakucho, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-nichi-nichi-shimbun-newspaper-yurakucho-c-1920/) - See also: Asahi Shimbun Building, c. 1930 "[The Tokyo Nichi Nichi Shimbun] was the first daily newspaper published in Tokyo. It was founded by Jono Denpei, a popular fiction writer; Nishida Densuke, a former library clerk; and Ochiai Ikujiro, a ukiyo-e artist. The daily newspaper launched on Mar. 29, 1872 - a year marked by - [Whole View of Tokyo Imperial University and Faraway Shinobazu Pond, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/whole-view-of-tokyo-imperial-university-and-faraway-shinobazu-pond-tokyo-c-1930/) - "The closing of the first Meiji government-sponsored university in 1871 represented much more than a reorganization of the formal structure of higher education. It was simultaneously a disestablishment of the Confucian tradition and a rejection of the proprietary claims to the Restoration advanced by the nativists. The senior faculties in both these fields were dispersed, - [Meiji Theater (Meiji-za), Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/meiji-theater-meiji-za-tokyo-c-1910/) - "The Meiji Theater presents Kabuki and Western stage plays. It first opened in the district of Hisamatsu-chô, Nihonbashi, as the Kishôza in 1873. Six years later it reopened under the name of Hisamatsuza. In February 1885 it opened under a third name, Chitoseza, but burned down in 1890. In November 1893 it was rebuilt as - [Horse-drawn trolleys, Nihonbashi & Shimbashi, Tokyo, c. 1900.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/horse-drawn-trolley-nihonbashi-tokyo-c-1900/) - See also: Tokyo Streetcars (Tokyo Toden), c. 1910-1920. Nihonbashi Bridge "Horse-drawn omnibuses and trolleys, the idea for which came from the West, formed Tokyo's first mass transit system and helped to establish the city's traffic patterns and rules on how passengers and drivers behave. "While most rules were promulgated to ensure safety, some regulated fares, - [Kaikosha of Kudansakaue, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kaikosha-of-kudansakaue-tokyo-c-1910/) - See also: Yasukuni Shrine at Kudan, Tokyo, c. 1910 Kundanzaka (Kudan Slope), Tokyo, c. 1910. Yushukan [“Museum of Armaments”], Kudan, Tokyo, c. 1910. "On 15 February 1877 not long after the formation of the Imperial Japanese Army a Kaikosha [officer's club] was founded in Kudan in Tokyo as a meeting place for officers and as - ["Mishimatei Japanese Beef Sukiyaki Room", Kyoto.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mishimatei-sukiyaki-kyoto/) - "Mishimatei first opened as a butcher's and meat restaurant in 1873, when meat was still an exotic delicacy. The restaurant location in the Teramachi district of Kyoto was established in 1904, and it soon became famous for its sukiyaki (broiled beef), mizutaki (with chicken), and oiru yaki (fried beefsteak). Climbing the staricase of this traditional - [Meiji-brand "Cream Caramel" advertising postcard, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/meiji-brand-cream-caramel-advertising-postcard-c-1935/) - See also: “Assembling a comfort bag” propaganda and advertising postcard, c.1940. Meiji Merry Brand Sweetened Condensed Milk, c. 1930. Royal Dutch Chocolate Cocoa advertising postcard, c. 1920. "[B]y the later 1930s, [with] the increasingly severe rationing necessary to feed the military required to keep the enemy at bay, it might be expected that sweets would - [1925 Chevrolet Series K & 1929 Cadillac LaSalle, Tokyo Station, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/1925-chevrolet-series-k-1929-cadillac-lasalle-tokyo-station-c-1930/) - "General Motors' history in Japan is nearly as long as the company's itself. The first Buicks and Cadillacs arrived in 1915, imported just seven years after the automaker was founded. "GM soon set up a local subsidiary and even opened an assembly plant on the Osaka waterfront, complete with its own test track and a - [Datsun Type 17T delivery vans, promotional postcard from the Automotive Industry Promotion Exhibition, Tokyo, October 1937.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/datsun-type-17t-delivery-vans-promotional-postcard-from-the-automotive-industry-promotion-exhibition-tokyo-october-1937/) - See also: Nippon Ford Assembly Plant, Yokohama, c. 1930. 1925 Chevrolet Series K & 1929 Cadillac LaSalle, Tokyo Station, c. 1930. Tokyo Motorbus Co. “Yellow Bus”, c. 1940. "The Datsun Type 17 was a small vehicle produced in Japan in the 1930s. It was the last in a line of Datsun small cars (Types 14 - [Nippon Ford Assembly Plant, Yokohama, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nippon-ford-assembly-plant-yokohama-c-1930/) - See also: The Autobus in Tokyo, c. 1930. 1925 Chevrolet Series K & 1929 Cadillac LaSalle, Tokyo Station, c. 1930. "From 1925 to 1936 Ford dominated automobile sales in Japan. Indeed, Ford's only true competition came from Chevrolet. Toyoda (Toyota) made power looms, Datsun (Nissan) did not exist, and Honda Shichiro was still a student. - [Pilot Fountain Pen and Pilot Ink advertising postcard, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/pilot-fountain-pen-and-pilot-ink-advertising-postcard-c-1930/) - See also: Tokyo Nautical School, Etchujima, Tokyo, c. 1910. “Writing lesson”, c. 1910. Pilot’s founders, Namiki Ryosuke and Wada Masao, were both graduates of the Tokyo Nautical School (which would later become the Tokyo University of Marine Science of Technology). They first met when Wada served as a cadet on board the Ariake Maru, a - [The creation of "Greater Tokyo," 1932.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-creation-of-greater-tokyo-1932/) - See also: Tokyo Self-government Commemoration, 1919 Tokyo City Hall, c. 1910-1930 "Tokyo City's original 15 wards were first established in 1878, under the Law for Reorganization of Counties, Wards, Towns, and Villages act. In 1888, the Meiji government created the legal framework for the current system of cities (shi) that were granted some basic local - [Osakabe Hotel, Yoshida, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/osakabe-hotel-yoshida-c-1910/) - "The uncertainty of making close connections with the tram at Gotemba, the beauty of the scenery beyond Kami-Yoshida, and the fact that the trail might prove difficult after nightfall, make it undesirable to expect or attempt to accomplish the outward trip [from Yokohama to Shoji] in one day. "Furthermore the tram ride is tiresome, and - [Arakawa River Floodgate, Tokyo, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/arakawa-river-floodgate-tokyo-c-1940/) - "The great flood of late Meiji [1910] was the last to devastate the center of [Tokyo] ... The Arakawa Drainage Channel was begun after the great flood and finished on the eve of the earthquake [1923]. Even before its completion, it worked well, controlling the torrential rains of 1918. "... The channel was the most - [Onsen (hot springs) culture.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/onsen-culture/) - See also: Iwaya-furo, Kawaji Spa, c. 1920 The Natural Sand Baths and Onsen, Beppu, c. 1910-1930 Hot Spring Tea House [at] Tonosawa, near Miyanoshita, c. 1920 Hot springs swimming pool, Fujiya Hotel, Miyanoshita, c. 1930 "In the beginning, hot springs were managed by nearby temples. But, in the middle ages, feudal domains became involved, too. - [Tokyo Higher Industrial School, 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-higher-industrial-school-1905/) - See also: 31st Anniversary of the Tokyo Higher Industrial School commemorative postcards, Kuramae, Tokyo, 1912. "Wherever there's a chimney, there you will find someone from Kuramae." - Meiji-era adage of unknown origin "The Higher Industrial School, founded in 1881, was the predecessor of the Tokyo University of Engineering (founded in 1929). It was founded by - [Sakuragicho (Yokohama) Station, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sakuragicho-yokohama-station-c-1910/) - See also: Yokohama Station (1915-1923) Shimbashi Station (Shiodome), 1872-1909 "The journey between [Yokohama and Tokyo] is performed in an hour by an admirable, well-metalled, double-track railroad, 18 miles long, with iron bridges, neat stations, and substantial roomy termini, built by English engineers at a cost known only to Government, and opened by the Mikado in - [Yokohama Station (1915-1923).](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yokohama-station-1915-1923/) - "On August 15, 1915, the second Yokohama Station opened close to the present day Takashimachō Station to allow Tōkaidō Main Line trains to call at Yokohama Station. The original Yokohama Station was renamed Sakuragichō Station. JR East uses this date as the opening date of the current Yokohama Station. "On 1 September 1923, the station - [Imperial Japanese Navy training cruise to Hawaii, the U.S. and Canada, 1914.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-japanese-navy-training-cruise-to-hawaii-the-u-s-and-canada-1914/) - See also: Imperial Japanese Navy training cruise to Hawaii, U.S.A., Mexico, Panama, 1924-1925. The Tokyo Nautical School training ship “Taisei Maru”, 1906. Imperial Japanese Navy Armored Cruiser “Azuma”, c. 1910. Training Ships of Japan Are Due Tomorrow "Governor L.E. Pinkham this morning received a communication from Hachiro Arita, acting consul-general for Japan in Hawaii to - [Yurakucho (Tokyo) Station opening, 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yurakucho-tokyo-station-opening-1910/) - See also: Tokyo Station, 1914-1940. Shimbashi Station (Kasumori), c. 1910-1923. "The Overhead Railway "On the 25th ult. the section of the over-head railway in Tokyo, from Yurakucho to Karasumoricho [Shimbashi], was opened to traffic. Passengers are thus enabled to travel from Yurakucho to Uyeno by this line, but to do so they have to make - [Chinzan-so Gardens and Hotel, c. 1962.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/chinzanso-gardens-and-hotel-c-1962/) - "Perhaps the most famous of all Tokyo's myriads of restaurants, and deservedly so, is the Chinzan-so, a superb garden restaurant in a 17-acre park so lovely and remote-seeming that patrons can imagine themselves many miles from the big, roaring metropolis. "... Chinzan-so means 'Camellia Mountain,' but it is hardly that. More precisely, it is a - [The Game of "Go", c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-game-of-go-c-1910/) - "The Japanese game of Go is of interest both as a problem in mathematical representation and as a game which generates a move tree with an extraordinarily high branching factor (100 to 300 branches per ply). "The complexity of Go (and the difficulty of Go for human players) is thought to be considerably greater than - [Golfing in Japan (A short history).](https://www.oldtokyo.com/golfing-in-japan/) - See also: Japan’s first golf course, Mt. Rokko, Kobe, c. 1920. Fujiya Sengoku Golf Course, Hakone, c. 1960 "In 1903 a group of British expatriates established the first golf club in Japan, at Kobe. In 1913 the Tokyo Golf club at Komazawa was established for and by native Japanese who had encountered golf in the - [50th Anniversary Commemoration, Imperial Government Railways, 1922.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/50th-anniversary-commemoration-imperial-government-railways-1922/) - See also: Sakuragicho (Yokohama) Station, c. 1910 Shimbashi Station (Shiodome), 1872-1909 "On 7 December 1869, Harry Parkes [the Consul General of the United Kingdom to the Empire of Japan from 1865–83] met the heads of the Meiji government to discuss basic measures for introducing railways and telegrams in Japan. "... It was decided to build - [Japan Postal Service 50th Anniversary commemorative postcards, 1921.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japan-postal-service-50th-anniversary-commemorative-postcard-1921/) - See also: Postal service commemorative postcards, c. 1905 2nd Air Mail Flying Contest, Osaka-Kurume, 1920 "In 1870, Baron Maejima visited London to learn the workings of the British postal system. A year later, he founded Japan's postal system in 1871. The first stamps were issued in April 1871. The intricate two-color design consisted of a - [Opening of the Kyoto electric streetcar system (1895) commemorative postcard, c. 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/opening-of-the-kyoto-electric-streetcar-system-1895-commemorative-postcard-c-1905/) - See also: The “Incline Lift”, Kyoto, c. 1910. Tokyo Streetcars (Tokyo Toden), c. 1910-1920. "The most complete electric plant in Japan, and one which would do credit to any country, is at the Kyoto City Electric Works, and it is all the more interesting from the fact that its conception, design, installations, and working are - ["Working Women", c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/working-women-c-1920/) - See also: "Modern Girl" (and "Modern Boy"), c. 1930 "In surveys, questionnaires, and news stories throughout the 1920s, numerous researchers probed the possible effects of employment on women's 'mission in life' (tenbun) as wife and mother. "They questioned whether a working woman would have lessened opportunity (or desire) to marry. They wondered, for that matter, - ["Doll-maker", c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/doll-maker-c-1930/) - See also: Broken Dolls Festival, Tokyo. Kewpie Dolls, Mochi & Mikan New Years’ card, c. 1920. Doll Festival, c. 1940. Boy on Rocking Horse, c. 1910. "In the early 1910s some dolls and toys tailored to an American market began to be exported from Japan. [But] early attempts at Western style dolls were plagued with - [Shirokiya Department Store advertising postcard, Nihonbashi, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/shirokiya-department-store-advertising-postcard-nihonbashi-tokyo-c-1930/) - See also: Shirokiya Department Store, c. 1910-1940. Mitsukoshi Department Store advertising postcard, Nihonbashi, Tokyo, c. 1905. Japanese Department Stores, c. 1930. "Even as it assumed a transcendent position within the modern cityscape and offered itself as a school for the modern, the [Japanese] department store poured its energies into the retail of what it pronounced - [The Tokyo Nautical School training ship "Taisei Maru", 1906.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-tokyo-nautical-school-training-ship-taisei-maru-1906/) - See also: Tokyo Nautical School, Etchujima, Tokyo, c. 1910. Imperial Japanese Navy training cruise, 1924-1925. "Before a candidate is accepted as a cadet at the Tokyo Nautical School he has to pass an examination ... [and] are received into the college between the ages of 17 and 21. In the shore establishment they spend 2-1/2 - ["Japan Post" New Year's promotional postcard ("Nengajou"), c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japan-post-new-years-promotional-postcard-nengajou-c-1930/) - See also: “Year of the Dragon” (“Ryuu”), New Year’s postcards, 1916-1940. “Bull-Dog Sauce” New Year’s advertising & propaganda postcard, 1938. Ebisu, God of Good Fortune, New Year’s postcard, c. 1920. "Sending nengajou, or New Year's cards, is a very popular custom, especially for distant friends and acquaintances. The cards are similar, perhaps, to Christmas cards - ["Mitsui Salicylic Acid", Miike Dye Works, Mitsui Mining Co., Omuta, Kyushu, c. 1928.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mitsui-salicylic-acid-miike-dye-works-mitsui-mining-co-omuta-kyushu-c-1928/) - "According to local press reports, the Miike dye works of the Mitsui Bussan Kaisha are to undertake the manufacture of salicylic acid on a large scale in order to supply all domestic requirements of this chemical. "Hitherto nearly half of the salicylic acid used in Japan has been imported. Germany was for a time the - [Ginza Crossing, c. 1910-1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ginza-crossing/) - See also: Hattori (Wako) Building, c. 1910 Mikimoto Pearls, Ginza, c. 1950 Ginza Methodist Church, c. 1915 Matsuya Department Store, Ginza "The Ginza, a great artery of trade, that runs from Shimbashi station northwards toward Ueno Park, is destined to be one of the most magnificent streets in the Far East. Even the last two - [Winter View of Japan, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/winter-view-of-japan-c-1910/) - See also: Oumaya (Sacred Horse Stable) of Toshogu, Nikko, c. 1920. "All Japan's equines are thought to have descended from animals brought from the mainland of Asia at various times and by various routes, although they certainly domesticated horses in Japan in the 6th century, and perhaps even earlier. "The Hokkaido equine - sometimes called - [Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, 1936.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yokosuka-naval-arsenal-1936/) - See also: Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, c. 1910. Yokosuka Naval Base (US), c. 1949. Naval Base Tourism, Souvenir stamps, c. 1935. "A view of Aburatsubo near Yokosuka", c. 1920 "Yokosuka Naval Arsenal (Yokosuka kaigun kōshō) was one of four principal naval shipyards owned and operated by the Imperial Japanese Navy. "In 1866, the Tokugawa shogunate government - ["In commemoration of the Establishment of Direct Cable Communication between Japan and America" commemorative postcards, 1906.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/in-commemoration-of-the-establishment-of-direct-cable-communication-between-japan-and-america-commemorative-postcards-1906/) - See also: Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905). “The peace envoys of Japan and Russia at Portsmouth (N.H.) Navy Yard”, 1905. Secretary of War Howard Taft & First Daughter Alice Roosevelt in Japan, 1905. 50th Anniversary of the Telephone, 1926. "The Commercial Pacific Cable Company was formed by a collaboration of the Commercial Cable Company, the Great Northern - [Air Mail Flying Contest commemorative postcards, 1920-1921.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/air-mail-flying-contest-commemorative-postcards-1920-1921/) - See also: Tokyo-Osaka-Tokyo Air Race, 1920. Asahi Shimbun (Newspaper) Building, Sukiyabashi, Tokyo, c. 1930. "In Japan, various historical and political factors favoured the rapid start-up of air transport. The popularity of kites in all forms and colours; the interest shown by Emperor Meiji in military balloons from 1877 onwards; the participation of the first unit - [Aerial view of Shinjuku Gyoen and Nishi-Shinjuku water treatment plant, Tokyo, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/aerial-view-of-shinjuku-gyoen-and-nishi-shinjuku-water-treatment-plant-tokyo-c-1960/) - See also: Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden, Shinjuku, c. 1960. Yodobashi (Shinjuku), Tokyo, c. 1910. "Despite being a forest of high-rise buildings today, west Shinjuku is actually one of Tokyo’s younger commercial districts. It was not until the Meiji era (1868–1912) that the scenic village of Tsunohazu began to see serious development. "Until then, Edo’s water - [31st Anniversary of the Tokyo Higher Industrial School commemorative postcards, Kuramae, Tokyo, 1912.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/31st-anniversary-of-the-tokyo-higher-technical-school-commemorative-postcards-kuramae-tokyo-1912/) - "The Government Higher Industrial Schools [were] established for the purpose of imparting advanced technical education. In the Tokyo Higher Industrial School, the curriculum is divided into 8 courses, of dyeing, spinning and weaving, ceramics, applied chemistry, electro-chemistry, mechanical engineering, electricity, and architecture. "... If graduates wish to study deeper some subjects in the courses which - [Hibiya Park, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hibiya-park/) - See also: Hibiya Public Hall, c. 1930 Kasumigaseki (Government District), c. 1910 "In Japan during the Meiji era, as in Europe at the same time, the sense of national unity was stressed as an important moral theme. The state voluntarily used the landscape and its meanings to re-found the national identity. In the plan of - [Matsuzaka Hotel, Ashinoyu, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/matsuzaka-hotel-ashinoyu-c-1910/) - See also: Lake Hakone, c. 1920 Hakone Hotel, Hakone, c. 1910-1950 "Gakueirou Matsuzakaya in Hakone, Lakeside Ashi [Lake Hakone], was first established in the middle of Meiji period by Yoshinosuke Ando, who was born the second son of Manemon Matsuzaka who was the owner of Matsuzakaya-honten in Hakone, Ashinoyu. "We started as a western style - [Yamato Hotel, Hoshigaura (Star Beach), Dairen, Manchuria, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yamato-hotel-hoshigaura-star-beach-dairen-manchuria-c-1910/) - "In order that European and American travelers in Manchuria might have 'all the comforts of home,' the South Manchuria Railway planned a system of modern hotels from Dairen to Changchun, which have been built and operated without thought of profit. In addition to building these new hotels, the company has given financial aid to other - [Kitsukawa Hotel (Ryokan), Kure, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kitsukawa-hotel-ryokan-kure-c-1910/) - "The origins of the Japanese ryokan can be traced back to the so-called 'fuseya' of the Nara Period (710-784). Fuseya, which were free rest houses, are thought to have been the first facilities in Japan for travelers staying overnight. "During the Kamakura Period (1192-1333), there emerged the 'kichin-yado' (a cheap inn). This type of inn - [Winter snow, c. 1903](https://www.oldtokyo.com/winter-snow-c-1903/) - "In the valleys of this part of the country deep snow covers the ground throughout the winter, and the sky is wrapped in a dark veil of clouds so that bright days are a rare phenomenon. 'It looks as though it were always going to rain,' a native of this district expressed himself to the - [Shiba Park in the Snow, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/shiba-park-in-the-snow-c-1910/) - See also: Shiba Park Zojoji Temple, c. 1910 "The snow must have fallen nearly all the night for it lay deep this morning. Soon after 10, it became bright and clear, and I set off to see the temples in Shiba Park. Very few people were about, and in the park just a stray poet - ["Ski", Takada (Joetsu), Japan, c. 1915.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ski-c-1915/) - "Skiing was introduced into Japan in 1911 by Austrian Army Major Theodor von Lerch who taught Japanese soldiers at Takada [now Joetsu, Niigata Prefecture] the rudiments of the sport. The first Japanese skiers wore skis made of Zelkova wood, and used one simple, long pole instead of the present two. "As soon as von Lerch - ["Kyoto Tayū dochu". Procession of tayū and kamuro through the "flower town" (hanamichi), Kyoto, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kyoto-tayu-dochu-procession-of-tayu-and-kamuro-through-the-flower-town-hanamichi-kyoto-c-1920/) - "It is the day of the Tayū dochu ['tayū walking through']. "Now the houses are decorated with showy lanterns, and from above the lintel of each doorpost flames a scarlet lobster. Once each year during this pink glory of cherry-blossoms the Priestesses of Pleasure move in procession through the city. "From out the Houses of - [Anne Dinken's Kosher Deli, Roppongi, c. 1970.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/anne-dinkens-kosher-deli-roppongi-c-1970/) - "[Jack Dinken arrived in Japan in 1947] on a commercial entrant visa, one of the very few that the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers (SCAP) allowed at the time because of MacArthur’s desire to keep carpetbaggers to a minimum. He established an import-export company, Dinken Sangyo K.K., and moved into a small office a - [Nippon Pencil Manufacturing Co., Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nippon-pencil-manufacturing-co-tokyo-c-1930/) - See also: Pilot Fountain Pen and Pilot Ink advertising postcard, c. 1930. Sapporo Brewery and Factory, Sapporo, Hokkaido, c. 1910. Kikkoman brand Soy Sauce (history), c. 1930. Japanese started using pencils in the late 19th century as the country began making modernization reforms during the Meiji era (1868-1912). The adoption of pencils, a new technology - [Kosaka Copper Mine, Kosaka, Akita Prefecture, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kosaka-copper-mine-kosaka-akita-prefecture-c-1920/) - See also: Yawata Iron and Steel Company, Yawata, Kyushu, c. 1940. Chemistry Laboratory, c. 1940. "The Kosaka mine was one of the largest copper, lead and zinc mines in Japan, and one of the highest producing mines in all of Asia. The mine is located in Tōhoku region of northern Japan in the town of - [Aviator Art Smith racing a "Baby Car" while on tour in Japan, ca. 1916.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/aviator-art-smith-races-a-baby-car-while-on-tour-in-japan-ca-1916/) - AN AMERICAN AVIATOR IN JAPAN "Art Smith, the 'boy aviator,' who took San Francisco by storm and was the biggest hit of the Panama-Pacific Exposition, is now in Japan. "He has with him, according to the Japan Advertiser, two biplanes of the Curtiss type, a small flock of baby automobiles — his own invention — - [Nippon Beer (Sapporo Beer), c. 1950.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nippon-beer-sapporo-beer-c-1950/) - See also: Sapporo Brewery and Factory, Sapporo, Hokkaido, c. 1910. Nippon Beer, Ginza Beer Hall, c. 1950 Yebisu Beer, Tokio Brewery No. 1, Meguro, Tokio, c. 1900. "The leading breweries of Japan are located at Yokohama, Tokio, Osaka, Nakano Mura near Tokio, and Sapporo. "The Sapporo brewery, at the place of the same name, was - [Karuizawa Station, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/karuizawa-station-c-1935/) - See also: Karuizawa, c. 1920. “Abt system railway at Usui Pass”, Karuizawa, c. 1910. Climbing Mt. Asama, Karuizawa, c. 1920. Swimming at the Seven Slope Pond, Karuizawa, c. 1930. "A railway journey of about six hours from Tokyo brings the traveller to the little village of Karuizawa, some five or six miles, as the crow - ["Writing lesson", c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/writing-lesson-c-1910/) - "Throughout the early Meiji years, factions of Confucianists, kokugakusha (national scholars) and Western scholars sought control of children’s education ... The various accounts, policies, and proclamations of the early Meiji officials present a somewhat ambivalent view of children. "On one hand, children were the embodiment of Japan’s hopes for the new era; on the other, - ["Bull-Dog Sauce" New Year's advertising & propaganda postcard, 1938.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/bull-dog-sauce-new-years-advertising-propaganda-postcard-1938/) - See also: 2600th Anniversary of the Founding of Japan, 1940. Kikkoman brand Soy Sauce (history), c. 1930. "'Bull-Dog'-brand sauce has a history spanning over 100 years and is considered one of Japan's representative condiments. "At the beginning of the twentieth century, when western food was starting to spread in Japanese homes, a shop called Misawaya - [National Census commemorative postcards, 1920 & 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/national-census-commemorative-postcards-1920-1935/) - The population of Meiji Restoration-era Japan was estimated to be 34,985,000 on January 1, 1873. At that time, the Meiji government had established a uniformed, but imperfect, registered system of koseki [family registries] which required all Japanese households to report births, acknowledgements of paternity, adoptions, deaths, marriages and divorces of Japanese citizens to their local - [Sumida River Ferry Boats, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sumida-river-ferry-boats-c-1910/) - See also: Yanebune on the Sumida River, c. 1910. Yaomatsu Restaurant, Mukojima, c. 1910 Hyappongui (100 Stakes), Sumida River, c. 1910. "Ferries were a prominent motif in a rapidly changing vernacular of landscape. In the exceptionally rich topographical language of Edo-Tokyo, the ferries that cross the Sumida became one of the most evocative symbols of - [Shimbashi Station (Kasumori), c. 1910-1923.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/shimbashi-station-kasumori-c-1910-1923/) - See also: Shimbashi Station (Shiodome), 1872-1909 "Around the city of Tokyo there are the five terminus stations the Shimbashi, the Manseibashi, the Uyeno, the Ryogoku, and the Asakusa; but as the great central station is now in course of construction and will be completed in the next year (1914), the lines from these five stations - ["Shodoshima Kankakei Ropeway" tourist postcard, Seto Inland Sea, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/shodoshima-kankakei-ropeway-tourist-postcard-seto-inland-sea-c-1940/) - See also: Rope-way Station & Hotel, Mt. Rokko, Kobe, c. 1935. "Shodoshima (小豆島, 'small beans island') is the second largest island in the Seto Inland Sea and one of the first islands born to the gods in the creation myth of Japan. The name literally means 'small bean island', which technically refers to the azuki - [Dezome-shiki ("First event"), New Year's Day, c. 1910 & 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/dezome-shiki-new-years-day-c-1960/) - "The 'first event' [of the New Year] takes on special significance in professions where safety is an issue. The most famous of such celebrations is reserved for firemen. "Each year fire companies across Japan have a dezome-shiki [first event] which usually includes a parade and demonstrations. Firemen dressed in Edo-period firefighting attire carry traditional firemen - [Shimbashi District, 1900-1950.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/shimbashi-district/) - See also: Teikoku Hakuhinkan (Imperial Esteemed Goods Hall), Shimbashi, c. 1905. Taxi Dancers, c. 1930 Tokyo Gekijo (Theater), c. 1930 Shimbashi Station (Kasumori) "Modern history buffs would be advised to continue on down to Shimbashi, where it is still possible to walk through the inviting backstreets beyond the JR station and see undemolished sections that - ["The seashore of Zushi", Miura Peninsula, near Tokyo, c. 1925.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-seashore-of-zushi-miura-peninsula-near-tokyo-c-1925/) - See also: Hayama Beach, Kamakura, c. 1910. Yuigahama Beach, Kamakura, c. 1910. Kamakura Station, c. 1910. "From the 1920s the beach was perennially more popular than any other tourist attraction in Kamakura. This fact provoked considerable ambivalence among Kamakura residents because beach-going was enthusiastically adopted by people with little interest in Kamakura's other charms. And - [Kite-flying culture, c. 1910-1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kite-flying-culture-c-1910-1930/) - See also: Round kite (wanwan-dako) flying at Naruto, Shikoku, c. 1935. Japanese Kites (~Dako), c. 1960. "We think of kite flying as a pastime for children. Account must be taken, however, of the size of the Japanese kite, and the greater strength required to hold the string, before we judge their sport on the basis - [Five-Storied Pagodas, c. 1910-30.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/five-storied-pagodas-c-1910-30/) - See also: Sankeiyen, Yokohama, c. 1920. "Pagodas in Japan are called tō (sometimes buttō, lit. Buddhist pagoda) or tōba and are historically derived from the Chinese pagoda, itself an interpretation of the Indian stupa, representing the five elements of the Universe: land, water, fire, wind and sky. Like the stupa, pagodas were originally used as - [Early victories of the Great East Asia War, propaganda postcard series, c. 1942.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/early-victories-of-the-great-east-asia-war-propaganda-postcard-series-c-1942/) - See also: “Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere” propaganda postcard, 1942. “Do not forget”, Imperial Rescript for the Declaration of War, propaganda postcard, c. 1942. Attack on Pearl Harbor propaganda postcard, c. 1942. Sinking the HMS Prince of Wales and HMS Repulse propaganda postcard, 1941. The Battle of Wong Nai Chung Gap (Hong Kong) propaganda postcard, - [Teruha, the "Nine-fingered Geisha," c. 1910](https://www.oldtokyo.com/teruha-c-1910/) - See also: The Smiling/Laughing Geisha This is the story of Teruha. Her real name was Tatsuko Takaoka. She was born in Osaka in 1896, the illegitimate child of a philandering father who, seeing a good way to make some money, sold her into the willow world of Osaka at the age of 12. It is - [Fujiya Hotel, Miyanoshita, c. 1910-1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/fujiya-hotel-miyanoshita/) - See also: Hot springs swimming pool, Fujiya Hotel, Miyanoshita The Kitchen at Miyanoshita Fujiya Hotel, c. 1930 Miyanoshita Village, Hakone, c. 1910 "The hotel Fujiya at Miyanoshita was ablaze with lights, the entire front being nothing but glass. We had delightful apartments with sitting room, bed-room and bath, including a sunken marble tub supplied with - ["5000 Miles of Railway in Japan" commemorative postcard, Nagoya, 1906.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/5000-miles-of-railway-in-japan-commemorative-postcard-nagoya-1906/) - "On 20 May 1906, a grand banquet was held at Nagoya for the celebration of the completion of 5,000 miles of railway in Japan. "It will be seen from the table that the mileage of Japanese railways has been rapidly increased during past years. In 1878, the number of passengers carried was 2,754,426 whereas; in - [Enthronement of Emperor Taisho commemorative postcard, 1915.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/enthronement-of-emperor-taisho-commemorative-postcard-1915/) - See also: Celebrating the Enthronement of Emperor Showa, 1928. "In 1883, the Imperial Rescript was announced to designate Kyoto as the site for the Emperor's sokui-shiki (enthronement rites) and its related Daijosai (Great New Food Festival). Not everyone comprehended the clothing rules for these ceremonies - the types and how to wear them. Instructions were - [Imperial Capital Reconstruction Board (Teito Fukko-in) commemorative postcards, 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-capital-reconstruction-board-teito-fukko-in-commemorative-postcards-1930/) - See also: Post-earthquake Bridge Construction, Tokyo, c. 1932. Showa Emperor Tours Rebuilt Tokyo, 1930. "In September 1923 Tokyo was devastated by the Great Kanto Earthquake. The fires caused by the earthquake burned the city center to the ground. Over 140,000 people were reported dead or missing, and 300,000 houses were destroyed.After the earthquake a city - ["Communications Day" commemorative postcards, 1937.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/communications-day-commemorative-postcards-1937/) - See also: Teishin-sho (Ministry of Communications), Tsukiji, c. 1900. Japan Postal Service 50th Anniversary commemorative postcard, 1921. 50th Anniversary of Japan’s entry into the Universal Postal Union commemorative postcard, 1927. Japan's first modern postal service got underway in April 1871, with mail professionally traveling between Kyoto, Osaka and Tokyo. Prior to that, Western nations maintained - [Naval Battles of Miyako Bay and Hakodate (May 1869), Boshin War commemorative postcards, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/naval-battles-of-miyako-bay-and-hakodate-may-1869-boshin-war-commemorative-postcards-c-1930/) - The Boshin War, sometimes known as the Japanese Revolution or Japanese Civil War, was fought from 1868 to 1869, marking the final battles between forces of the former Tokugawa shogunate and the clique of rebellious daimyo seeking to seize political power in the name of the Imperial Court. The Tokugawa bakufu, its policy of self-imposed - ["Battle of the Yalu River", Russo-Japanese War commemorative postcard, 1906.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/battle-of-the-yalu-river-russo-japanese-war-commemorative-postcard-1906/) - See also: Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905). Battle of Tsushima Straits propaganda postcard, Russo-Japanese War, 1905. “The peace envoys of Japan and Russia at Portsmouth (N.H.) Navy Yard”, 1905. "The Battle of the Yalu River (Amnok River) lasted two days, from 30 April to 1 May 1904, and was the first major land battle during the Russo-Japanese - [2600th Anniversary Founding of Japan commemorative postcard, Bureau of Crime Prevention, 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/2600th-anniversary-founding-of-japan-commemorative-postcard-bureau-of-crime-prevention-1940/) - See also: 2600th Anniversary of the Founding of Japan, 1940. "While Cardinal Principles of the National Polity went so far as to state outright that 'our country is a divine country governed by an emperor who is a deity incarnate,' it did not claim that all of the Japanese people were originally of divine descent. - [Meiji Shrine Games, Tokyo, 1926.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/meiji-shrine-games-tokyo-1926/) - See also: Undokai (Sports Day), c. 1930 A history of tennis in Japan Exercises of the Tokyo Girls Higher Normal School, 1904 "That year [1924] saw many other initiatives: the inauguration of the annual Meiji Shrine Games, the creation of national institute for research in physical education, and the proclamation of November 3 as 'National - [The 6th Far Eastern Championship Games advertising postcard, 1923.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-6th-far-eastern-championship-games-advertising-postcard-1923/) - See also: Meiji Shrine Games, Tokyo, 1926. Meiji Jingu Outdoor Swimming Pool, Tokyo, c. 1935. "The Sixth Far Eastern Championship Games were held during the week of May 21st [1923], at the new City Stadium of Osaka, Japan. "These Games, bringing together the three great nations of the Far East [China, the Philippines, and Japan], - [Haneda Airfield (Pre-war)](https://www.oldtokyo.com/haneda-airfield-pre-war/) - See also: Tokyo Haneda International Airport, c. 1960 Tokyo-London-Rome flight, 1931 Japan Air Transport Co., c. 1933 "A Transpacific Airport in Japan "The Japanese Ministry of Air is so confident that transpacific flying will speedily develop that it is now busily engaged in establishing an air customs office at the new international airport at Haneda. - [Secretary of the Navy Edwin Denby with Annapolis Naval Academy Class of 1881 alumni and wives, 1922.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/secretary-of-the-navy-edwin-denby-with-annapolis-naval-academy-class-of-1881-alumni-and-wives-1922/) - DENBY GOING TO TOKIO Will Be Japan's Guest at Annapolis Reunion of Class of '81 "WASHINGTON, May 11 -- Secretary Denby of the Navy will sail for Japan on the naval transport Henderson leaving Hampton Roads at noon of May 20, to attend the annual reunion at Tokio on July 4 of the members - [Crown Prince Yoshihito (Taisho) and family, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/crown-prince-yoshihito-taisho-and-family-c-1910/) - See also: Enthronement of Emperor Taisho commemorative postcard, 1915. Taisho Mausoleum, Hachioji, c. 1930. "The emperor Taisho had been a sickly child, who early exhibited signs of serious mental instability as well as sadistic tendencies. Those charged with his upbringing did their best to conceal the physical and mental frailty of the crown prince and - ["General Head-Quarters of the Manchurian Armies in Mukden", 1906.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/general-head-quarters-of-the-manchurian-armies-in-mukden-1906/) - See also: “This is the Japanese greatest admiral …”, Admiral Togo, 1906. “Monument of [Hill] 203”, Port Arthur, Manchuria, c. 1910. Count (General) Nogi Maresuke. "The Japanese Manchurian Army was an Army Group formed from 1904–1905 during the Russo-Japanese War, as a temporary command structure to coordinate the efforts of several Japanese armies in the - [Manyasuro Restaurant (Tea House), Kyobashi, c. 1900.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/manyasuro-restaurant-tea-house-kyobashi-c-1900/) - Not much, if anything, can be found online about this elaborate tea-house/restaurant except that it was located (according to the postcard captions) alongside one of the Meiji-era canals in the Kobikicho district of Kyobashi ward, near the Kabukiza theater. Manyasuro translates to "Ten-thousand frivolous towers", so I can only speculate that the grounds and buildings - [Silk Conditioning House, Yokohama, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/silk-conditioning-house-yokohama-c-1935/) - See also: Silk production, c. 1920 "At the start of the 20th century, silk was Japan’s main export product (mainly to Europe and the US). As the quality of raw silk is difficult to measure, absorbs much moisture and was largely sold by weight, this government-run institution was inaugurated in August, 1896, to test silk - [Imperial Japanese Navy "Fuso"-class battleship, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-navy-fuso-class-battleship-c-1935/) - See also: I.J.N. battleship Mikasa, c. 1910 Imperial Japanese Navy battleship Nagato, c. 1925 Nakajima E4N2 reconnaissance floatplane, military recruitment postcard, c. 1935. NAVAL OUTPUT OF JAPANESE SHIPYARDS IN 1914 "The most interesting vessel built in 1914 was the battleship Fuso of 30,600 tons displacement which was launched at the building dock at Kure - [Imperial Japanese Navy aircraft carrier "Akagi", c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-japanese-navy-aircraft-carrier-akagi-c-1930/) - See also: Mitsubishi 2MR4 (Type 10) Carrier Reconnaissance biplane, c. 1930. "Akagi was an aircraft carrier built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), named after Mount Akagi in present-day Gunma Prefecture. "Though she was laid down as an Amagi-class battlecruiser, Akagi was converted to an aircraft carrier while still under construction to comply with the - [Imperial Japanese Navy Heavy Cruiser "Takao" Commemorative, 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-japanese-navy-heavy-cruiser-takao-commemorative-1930/) - See also: Final Imperial Japanese Navy Fleet Review, 1940. Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, 1936. "The heavy cruiser Takao was laid down at the Yokosuka Naval Arsenal on 28 April 1927, launched and named on 12 May 1930, and was commissioned into the Imperial Japanese Navy on 31 May 1932. Although the first ship in her class - [Imperial Japanese Navy Fleet Commanders, 1936.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-japanese-navy-fleet-commanders-1936/) - See also: Naval Base Tourism, Souvenir stamps, c. 1935. Imperial Japanese Navy training cruise, 1924-1925. Final Imperial Japanese Navy Fleet Review, 1940. The formation of the modern Imperial Japanese Navy dates from 1868 with the Meiji Restoration, and its first fleet, the Northern Expeditionary Fleet, was assembled in 1869 for the final naval campaign of - [Imperial Japanese Navy battleship "Hyuga", c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-japanese-navy-battleship-hyuga-c-1920/) - See also: Imperial Japanese Navy “Fuso”-class battleship, c. 1935. Imperial Japanese Navy Battleship “Nagato”, c. 1925. Final Imperial Japanese Navy Fleet Review, 1940. "Hyūga was the second and last Ise-class battleship built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during the 1910s. Although completed in 1918 at the Mitsubishi shipyard at Nagasaki, she played no role - ["'Eight-Eight' Fleet Program", Imperial Japanese Navy, c. 1925.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/eight-eight-fleet-program-imperial-japanese-navy-c-1925/) - See also: Final Imperial Japanese Navy Fleet Review, 1940. Imperial Japanese Navy training cruise, 1924-1925. Imperial Japanese Navy battleship “Hyuga”, c. 1920. Imperial Japanese Navy Battleship “Nagato”, c. 1925. Imperial Japanese Navy aircraft carrier “Akagi”, c. 1930. "The concept of the 'Eight-Eight Fleet' originated in the aftermath of the Russo-Japanese War with the 1907 Imperial - [Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff, 1936.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-japanese-navy-general-staff-1936/) - Top row: Admiral Fujita Hisanori (Commander-in-chief Naval Forces); Admiral Nagano Osami (future Navy Minister, future War Council member). Center: Marshal Admiral Prince Fushimi Nomiya Hiroyasu, Chief of Staff (1932-1941). Bottom row: Vice Admiral Matsushita Hajime (Commander-in-chief Sasebo Naval Station); Vice Admiral Yonai Mitsumasa (Commander-in-chief Yokosuka Naval Station, future Commander-in-chief Combined Fleet, future Prime Minister 1940). - [Imperial Japanese Navy Ro-29 class commerce raider submarine, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-japanese-navy-ro-29-class-commerce-raider-submarine-c-1930/) - See also: I.J.N. O-5 (former SM UC-99) war prize submarine, c. 1920. “Jingei”-class submarine tender & Type B1- and Type C-class submarines, c. 1941. I.J.N. I-71 K6-class submarine & submarine depot ship “Taigei”, c. 1935. "Ro-29, originally named Submarine No. 68, was an Imperial Japanese Navy Kaichu-type submarine of the Kaichu V (Toku Chu) subclass. - [Imperial Japanese Navy Hiro H1H Flying Boat, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-japanese-navy-hiro-h1h-flying-boat-c-1930/) - See also: Kawanishi flying boat New Year’s postcard, c. 1940. "The Hiro H1H (or Navy Type 15) was a 1920s Japanese bomber-reconnaissance biplane flying boat developed from the British Royal Navy's Felixstowe F.5 by the Hiro Naval Arsenal for the Imperial Japanese Navy. Powered by either imported Lorraine W-12 or BMW VII engines, the H1H - [Imperial Japanese Navy training cruise to Hawaii, U.S.A., Mexico, Panama, 1924-1925.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-japanese-navy-training-cruise-1924-1925/) - See also: 26th Voyage of the T.S. “Shintoku Maru”, c. 1935. Imperial Japanese Navy Armored Cruiser “Azuma”, c. 1910. "The Training Fleet of the Imperial Japanese Navy, the Renshū Kantai, operated from 1903-1940, with only a brief hiatus during the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905). Graduates of the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy (Kaigun Heigakkō) would spend several - [Friends (Quaker) Ministers in Japan, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/friends-quaker-ministers-in-japan-c-1920/) - "Young men came in considerable numbers to learn English, and to inquire about Western ways and the Western religion. They were from good families for the most part - modern people, students and officials. Their sisters came to learn knitting and English. The school girls, although still few in number, were made part of the - [60th Anniversary of the Telephone commemoratives, 1936.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/60th-anniversary-of-the-telephone-commemoratives-1936/) - See also: 50th Anniversary of the Telephone, 1926. “Monument of [Hill] 203”, Port Arthur, Manchuria, c. 1910. "Asia, as yet, with her eight-hundred-and-fifty-million people, has fewer telephones than Philadelphia, and three-fourths of them are in the tiny island of Japan. The Japanese were enthusiastic telephonists from the first. They had a busy exchange in Tokio - [Atami Hotel, Atami, c. 1940-1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/atami-hotel-atami-c-1940-1960/) - See also: Atami Hot Springs, Atami, c. 1910 "The Atami Hotel, occupying some 8 acres as its site, stands at a quiet, scenic spot of this seaside spa town, and is reputed for its vantage point to overlook a fine view of the sea and the Miura Peninsula. "Beyond its extensive lawn garden, the hotel - [Kusushigatake Observatory meteorological station, Mt. Fuji, 1937.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kusushigatake-observatory-meteorological-station-mt-fuji-1937/) - "It was on August 1, 1932 that Japan’s Central Meteorological Office commissioned its first officially funded observatory on Mt Fuji. Gathered round the small summit hut almost four kilometres above sea-level the weathermen must have felt themselves as far above the era’s murky politics and foreign policy as 'clouds from mud'. [T]he government had seen - [The Wreck of the S.S. Dakota, 1907.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-sinking-of-the-s-s-dakota-1907/) - "When the two huge 20,000-ton sister steamers Dakota and Minnesota, owned by the Great Northern Steamship Company of New York and Seattle, were offered for insurance at Lloyd’s they were treated on much the same basis as the great Transatlantic liners. "Underwriters thought that the risks connected with such magnificent boats were so small that - ["Formidable aircraft carrier", artist's concept, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/formidable-aircraft-carrier-artists-concept-c-1935/) - See also: Imperial Japanese Navy aircraft carrier “Akagi”, c. 1930. Imperial Japanese Navy Fleet Commanders, 1936. "The aircraft carrier Taihō ["Great Phoenix"] was among the most beautiful aircraft carriers built by Japan during WW2. Her distinct design, most notably the first to incorporate a closed hurricane bow, contributed to her aesthetic greatly. "Taihō was approved - [Miyata Bicycle Co. New Year's card, 1933.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/miyata-bicycle-co-new-years-card-1933/) - "Miyata was founded by Eisuke Miyata (1840-1900), a bowyer and engineer from Tokyo who also made components for rickshaws. Eisuke's second son, Eitarō, apprenticed in a local munitions facility and later earned a degree in mechanical engineering from Kyoto University. In 1874, Eisuke moved the family to Shiba and in 1881 opened Miyata Manufacturing in - [Rakutenchi amusement park, Sennichimae Osaka, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/rakutenchi-amusement-park-sennichimae-osaka-c-1920/) - "During the Taisho era (1912-1926), Rakutenchi [entertainment paradise] was one of Osaka's most fashionable and well-known entertainment destinations. "The amusement park, in the Osaka district of Sennichmae, did business between 1914 and 1930. Rakutenchi featured theaters, entertainment and all kinds of other leisure, and it became one of Osaka’s most fashionable and well-known places." - - [Mino-o [Minoh] Park Entrance, Osaka, c. 1915. (Colorized)](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mino-o-minoh-park-entrance-osaka-c-1915-colorized/) - See also: Minoo (Minoh) Waterfall, Osaka, ca. 1930. Takarazuka Hotel, Takarazuka Baths & the Takarazuka Grand Theatre, Takarazuka, c. 1920-1930. Rakutenchi amusement park, Sennichimae Osaka, c. 1920. "After an hour's electric-car ride through the quiet main thoroughfare, they return to Umeda-machi, and thence they again take a suburban trolley car bound for Mino-o, a hilly - [Tokyo Chamber of Commerce, Marunouchi, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-chamber-of-commerce-marunouchi-tokyo-c-1910/) - See also: Kobe Chamber of Commerce & Industry, Kobe, c. 1930. Japan Tourist Bureau (JTB), c. 1920. “The interior of the Kyoto Commercial Museum”, Kyoto, c. 1920. "[The Tokyo Chamber of Commerce] of business men was officially organized in the 23rd year of Meiji (1890), but in substance, there existed an institution of its kind - ["Gatekeeper of Kenko-kan", c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/gatekeeper-of-kenko-kan-c-1920/) - See also: Japanese master swordsman Hibino “Raifu” Masayoshi, c. 1910. "Kenbu (lit. 'sword dance') is performed in hakama [a type of trouser] and kimono, wearing tabi, a type of divided-toe socks. Various other items may be used in the costume, including hachimaki (a headband used to keep the dancer's hair pulled back) and tasuki (a - [The Naval Museum, Tsukiji, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-naval-museum-tsukiji-tokyo-c-1910/) - See also: Yushukan (Yushukwan), Kudan, Tokyo, c. 1910. Tokyo Nautical School, Etchujima, Tokyo, c. 1910. The Tokyo Nautical School training ship “Taisei Maru”, 1906. "The Naval Museum in the Naval University building, near the Seiyoken Hotel, open daily except Sunday, free (the ticket received at the gate must be returned on leaving), contains an extensive - [Tosho-gu Shrine, Ueno Park, Tokyo.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tosho-gu-shrine-ueno-park/) - · Life is like walking along a long road shouldering a heavy load; there is no need to hurry. · One who treats difficulties as the normal state of affairs will never be discontented. · Patience is the source of eternal peace; treat anger as an enemy. · Harm will befall one who knows only - [Daylight therapy room, Kyoto Imperial University Hospital, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/daylight-therapy-room-kyoto-imperial-university-hospital-c-1920/) - See also: Ward in the Japanese Red Cross Central Hospital, Tokyo, c. 1910. Keio University Hospital, Tokyo (Shinanomachi), c. 1920. St. Luke’s International Hospital, Tsukiji, c. 1945-50. "The tissues of the human are composed of cells. The body is a city of cells, variously grouped and energized. Light is an essential factor in the birth - [Hotel Okura, Tokyo, c. 1970.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hotel-okura-tokyo-c-1970/) - See also: Okura Museum, c. 1920 Okura & Co., 1921 “We know that [Ian] Fleming had decided to write a Bond novel set in Japan after his first visit [in 1962] but Fleming was also planning the book when Japan was very much in the forefront of the West’s mind not least as she was - [Amezaiku [sugar sculpture] street vendor, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/amezaiku-sugar-sculpture-street-stall-c-1930/) - See also: Royal Dutch Chocolate Cocoa advertising postcard, c. 1920. "Amezaiku is Japanese candy craft artistry. "An artist takes multi-colored mizuame [a clear, thick, sticky liquid most often made from glutinous rice or sweet potato starch] and, using their hands and other tools such as tweezers and scissors, creates a sculpture. Amezaiku artists also paint - [Heian Jingu (Heian Shrine), Kyoto, c. 1920-1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/heian-jingu-heian-shrine-kyoto-c-1920-1960/) - See also: “Gion Kobu Hanamikouji”, Kyoto, c. 1920. “The interior of the Kyoto Commercial Museum”, Kyoto, c. 1920. The Temple of the 33,333 images of Kwannon, Sanjūsangen-dō, Kyoto, c. 1920. Doshisha University, Kyoto, c. 1920. "In 1895, a partial reproduction of the Heian Palace from Heian-kyō (the former name of Kyoto) was planned for construction - [Graf Zeppelin visits Tokyo, 1929.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/graf-zeppelin-visits-tokyo-1929/) - “The unique, and uniquely German, occasion of the Graf Zeppelin visiting Japan [in 1929] afforded some Japanese an opportunity to extrapolate beyond marketing to advocate closer Japanese-German relations. [For example, the] department store Matsuzakaya printed an advertisement entirely in German to congratulate Eckener and his men on bridging Japan and Germany through the air. “… - [Nippon Flour Milling Co., Yokohama, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nippon-flour-milling-co-yokohama-c-1930/) - "Japan first embarked upon the flour-milling industry in those years of Meiji during which she began to enter into closer communication with foreign countries with the establishment in 1873 of Sapporo Flour Mills in Hokkaido. "It would later privatize and merge with Tokyo-based Nippon Seifun K.K. [Japan Flour Mills, Co.] in 1896 to establish the - [Undokai (Sports Day), c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/undokai-sports-day-c-1930/) - See also: Meiji Shrine Games, Tokyo, 1926. "After the first sports festival (undokai) at the Naval Academy in 1874, 'sports day' spread to schools throughout the country and became a mandatory extracurricular activity. Mori Arinori, who became Minister of Education in 1885, was among the enthusiastic promoters of undokai, which he saw as an ideal - [Iroha-zaka, Nikko.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/iroha-zaka-nikko/) - See also: Nikko Motor Bus Co. tour of Nikko, c. 1940. “Writing lesson”, c. 1910. Iroha-zaka [Iroha slope] refers to the road connecting Nikko to Lake Chuzenji. The name derives from 'i-ro-ha' ('zaka' means 'slope'), the first three of the traditional ordering of Japan's 48 kana syllables used in the Japanese alphabet (the present-day syllabary - [Okura Shukokwan (Okura Museum), Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/okura-shukokwan-museum-c-1920/) - See also: Okura Kumi (Okura Partners), Ginza, 1921 Hotel Okura, Tokyo, c. 1970. Imperial Hotel (1890-1923). "To the lover of Oriental art there can be no place better worthy of a visit in Tokyo than the museum owned by K. Okura. The handsome building in which his treasures of art are installed stands crowning in - [The 8th World's Sunday School Convention, Tokyo, 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-8th-worlds-sunday-school-convention-tokyo-1920/) - See also: The Teikoku Theatre, The Best Theatre in Tokyo, c. 1920-30 "On Tuesday, October 5, many delegates to Tokyo stood in admiration before that triumph of the energetic purpose of the Patrons' Association and the Christians of Japan, the great Convention Building. They gazed at the beautiful white gypsum statue before the building, which - [Imperial Hemp Weaving Co. Building, Nihonbashi, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-hemp-building-nihonbashi-c-1930/) - "The Imperial Hemp Weaving Company building, designed by Tatsuno Kingo and erected in 1911, was closely associated with the [Nihonbashi] waterside environment. "Facing the bridge was a tower-like stairwell, which served as an exterior accent. From the windows at the top of the spiral staircase could be seen the imposing outline of Nihonbashi Bridge and, - [Imperial Japanese Navy Cruiser "Takasago", c. 1900.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/cruiser-takasago-c-1900/) - See also: Imperial Japanese Navy Armored Cruiser “Azuma”, c. 1910. Imperial Japanese Navy Heavy Cruiser “Takao” Commemorative, 1930. Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905). "Takasago (高砂, literally, High Sand, an antiquated Japanese name for Formosa) was a protected cruiser of the Imperial Japanese Navy, designed and built by the Armstrong Whitworth shipyards in Elswick, in the United Kingdom. - ["The interior of the Kyoto Commercial Museum", Kyoto, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-interior-of-the-kyoto-commercial-museum-kyoto-c-1920/) - "The Kyoto Commercial Museum (Shāhin chinretsu-kwan), a permanent institution (open daily, no fees) housed in a commodious structure (cost 182,000 yen) near the Zoo, in Okazaki Park, was opened in 1909. Its trefoil crest, symbolic of the manufacture , the merchant, and the consumer, indicates its aim. "The varied and beautiful display of products manufactured - [“Imperial marine paratroopers at the Battle of Manado”, propaganda postcard, 1942.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-marine-paratroopers-at-the-battle-of-manado-propaganda-postcard-1942/) - See also: Attack on Pearl Harbor propaganda postcard, c. 1942. “Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere” propaganda postcard, 1942. The Battle of Wong Nai Chung Gap (Hong Kong) propaganda postcard, 1942. "The Battle of Menado took place as part of the Japanese offensive, from 11–12 January 1942, to capture the Dutch East Indies. The battle was - [Imperial Japanese Navy Shanghai Naval Landing Force (SNLF) Marine, 1932.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-japanese-navy-special-naval-landing-force-snlf-marine-c-1937/) - See also: Imperial marine paratroopers at the Battle of Manado (Menado), c. 1940. "Starting in the Meiji Era the navy began to raise units unofficially known as 'special naval landing forces'. These were not a marine force, but were instead sailors who had basic infantry training and were employed in landings as early as the - [Konpiragu Shrine Treasure House, Kotohira, Kagawa Prefecture, Shikoku, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/konpiragu-shrine-treasure-house-kotohira-kagawa-prefecture-shikoku-c-1920/) - See also: Himeji Castle, c. 1920. Kaikosha of Kudansakaue, Tokyo, c. 1910. "The Konpiragu Shrine Treasure House, also known as the Treasure Museum, was built in 1905 based on a design by Masamichi Kurume, an engineer of the Ministry of Education. It was originally called 'Kotohira-gu Museum No. 1'. "Like the Nara National Museum, completed - [Mitsubishi B1M, c. 1925-35.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mitsubishi-b1m-c-1925-35/) - "Spring, 1932. Yokosuka Naval Base, Tokyo Bay. "Fuchida's light gray two-seat Mitsubish B1M biplane roared over the glistening water unleashing its torpedo with a splash toward a barge marked with red flags. [He] directed his pilot to veer to the right, then tilt back left so he could look down just as a geyser exploded - [Meiji Shrine Outer Garden & Meiji Memorial Picture Gallery under construction, c. 1925.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/meiji-shrine-outer-garden-meiji-memorial-picture-gallery-under-construction-c-1925/) - See also: Meiji Jingu (Shrine) Meiji Jingu Base-Ball Ground, c. 1930 Meiji Jingu Outdoor Swimming Pool, Tokyo, c. 1935. Emperor Meiji’s funeral hearse, 1912. "Outer Garden of Meiji-jingu Shrine is situated on the site of the former Aoyama Parade Ground and has an area of about 120 acres. It was here that the funeral ceremony - [Kawasaki Ki-32 "Mary" light bomber, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kawasaki-ki-32-mary-light-bomber-c-1940/) - "The Kawasaki Ki-32 was developed in response to a May 1936 Imperial Japanese Army specification to replace the Kawasaki Ki-3 light bomber with a completely indigenously designed and built aircraft. "The design dated from May 1936, when the Japanese Army instructed Kawasaki to design a replacement for the Ki-3 light bomber, and the first prototype - [Naruto whirlpools at Setonaikai, Inland Sea, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/naruto-whirlpools-at-setonaikai-inland-sea-c-1910/) - "The long expanse of water between Honshu (Mainland), and the islands of Shikoku and Kyushu, called Seto-Naikai ('Sea within Channels') by the Japanese and the Inland Sea by foreigners, is really a chain of five seas linked together by channels ... At its widest point, from N. to S. it measures 40 mi. and at - [Sumo wrestlers Kohitachi & Shiunryu, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sumo-wrestlers-kohitachi-shiunryu-c-1910/) - See also: Kokugikan (National Sport Hall), c. 1910-1950 Sumo wrestler Hitachiyama, c. 1910. Otokonoko (“young boy”) sumo “wrestler”, c. 1910. "Wrestling (sumo) is one of the most popular of the Japanese sports, and the bouts held in Tokyo in Jan. (usually from the 12th to the 22d) and May of each year arouse as much - [Y.M.C.A., Yokohama, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/y-m-c-a-yokohama-c-1930/) - "Governor Ariyoshi of Kanagawa, at the laying of the corner stone of the new building of the Yokohama YMCA, said that wherever there is a YMCA - whether in schools or in cities but especially in the first- it is proving a wholesome agency for the upbuilding of character. "The Ministry of Education has ordered - [Akihabara Station, Tokyo, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/akihabara-station-tokyo-c-1935/) - See also: Yurakucho (Tokyo) Station opening, 1910. Ueno Station, c. 1930-1950. Tokyo Station, 1914-1940. "[Akihabara 'Electric City'] started after World War II as an open-air market located between Ogawamachi and Kanda-Sudacho in Tokyo. At first all the stores sold textiles and everyday goods. But one incident turned most of the stores into electrical shops almost - [The "Great White Fleet", at Yokohama, 1908.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-great-white-fleet-at-yokohama-1908/) - See also: “Great White Fleet” being fêted in Yokohama, 1908. "The Fleets of East and West - of the two greatest naval Powers on the Pacific - met yesterday in peace and amity. "The delay of a day in the arrival of the White Sixteen, as the visiting Fleet may not inaptly be termed, served - ["Modern Girl" (and "Modern Boy"), c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/modern-girl-and-modern-boy-c-1930/) - "The Modern Girl ['moga', from modan (modern) garu (girl)] make only a brief appearance in our histories of prewar Japan. She is a glittering, decadent, middle-class consumer who, through her clothing, smoking and drinking, flaunts tradition in the urban playgrounds of the late 1920s. Arm in arm with her male equivalent, the mobo (Modern Boy), - [Around-the-world flight: Tokyo-Paris, 1928.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/around-the-world-flight-tokyo-paris-1928/) - From the wiki: "On 10 October, Lt. Cmdr. Joseph Le Brix and the French aviator Dieudonné Costes left Paris in the Breguet 19 G.R. Nungesser-Coli to attempt a trip around the world, with Costes as pilot and Le Brix as copilot and navigator. Their first leg was a flight to Saint Louis, Senegal, where they - [Aviatrix Katherine Stinson in Japan, c. 1916.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/aviatrix-katherine-stinson-in-japan-c-1916/) - "Chicago is paying admiring homage to a young girl who has been the subject of almost as much news and editorial comment as the world war ... [with] seemingly endless reams of paper of the Orient, explaining the impression that Katherine Stinson - a mere slip of a girl - made in China and Japan. - [Aviator "Bud" Mars, Japan, c. 1911.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/aviator-bud-mars-japan-c-1911/) - "In the early 1900s, local fairgoers were amazed by the daredevil exploits of early aviators like Bay City legend Lionel DeRemer and also a fellow Michigan flyer named Bud Mars from Muskegon. A hundred years ago, Mars had the reputation of being the most daring flyer in the country. It was said that he swooped - [Takarazuka Hotel, Takarazuka Baths & the Takarazuka Grand Theatre, Takarazuka, c. 1920-1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/takarazuka-hotel-takarazuka-baths-the-takarazuka-opera-house-takarazuka-c-1920-1930/) - See also: Takarazuka Gekijo (Theater), Tokyo Takarazuka Revue, “Parisette”, c. 1930. Aerial View of Yurakucho Theaters, c. 1935. "Takarazuka, one of the most popular pleasure resorts in the district, is on a clear stream of the River Muko and is reached from Osaka or Kobe in 33 min. by the Hankyu Electric Railway. A motor-bus - [Panoramic view of the Maruyama ski area, Yuzawa (Niigata), c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/panoramic-view-of-the-maruyama-ski-area-yuzawa-niigata-c-1960/) - See also: “Ski”, Takada (Joetsu), Japan, c. 1915. Skiers, Japan Alps, c. 1940. “Stepping on virgin snow”, Shiga Kogen, Nagano, c. 1940. Minamiuonuma City and neighbouring Yuzawa are home to over 20 individual ski areas, including some of the most well-known in Japan. Maruyama was among the earliest created in the Niigata area, created and - [Kamakura Station, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kamakura-station-c-1910/) - See also: Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, c. 1910. The "Great White Fleet" at Yokohama, 1908 Daibutsu at Kamakura, c. 1910 Yuigihama Beach, Kamakura, c. 1910 "The Yokosuka Line was constructed in response to the request to the Cabinet by the Navy and the Army, dated June 22, 1886, citing the lack of ground transportation to Yokosuka, - [Osaka Castle, Osaka, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/osaka-castle-osaka-c-1920/) - "Neither size nor distance from Osaka appear to have played any role in the process by which the 65 daimyo were selected to participate in the construction of Osaka castle. Their domains were widely distributed in the Kinai, western Honshu, Kyushu, and Shikoku. "All daimyo owed military service to the Tokugawa. All were required to - ["Memorial to Captain Araki in Hsingan Ling", Manchuria propaganda postcard, 1936.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/memorial-to-captain-araki-in-hsingan-ling-manchukuo-1936/) - See also: Yasukuni Shrine at Kudan, Tokyo, c. 1910 The Funeral of Commander Hirose, Tokyo, 1904. There was a Captain Araki who served as a railway engineer army officer in the Imperial Japanese Army. During the early months of the Manchuria Incident in 1932, he was in command of an armored railroad car unit, a - ["The Battle of the Railway Corps", 2nd Sino-Japanese War, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-battle-of-the-railway-corps-2nd-sino-japanese-war-c-1940/) - See also: “Memorial to Captain Araki in Hsingan Ling”, Manchuria propaganda postcard, 1936. Imperial Japanese Navy Special Naval Landing Force (SNLF) Marine, c. 1937. Propaganda postcard reproduction of a 35th Army Day poster, March 10, 1940. "The Sumida M.2593 (Type 91) was an armored car produced by the Empire of Japan in the 1930s. It - [Count (General) Nogi Maresuke.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/count-general-nogi-maresuke/) - "Although it cannot be said that suicide is good, or that junshi is good, in the case of General Nogi it was truly a magnificent end. It was a glorious end to a bushi's life that would have satisfied General Nogi. "In fact, if one considers General Nogi's usual thought, it was an event worth - [Tokyo-Osaka-Tokyo Air Race, 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-osaka-tokyo-air-race-1920/) - See also: 2nd Air Mail Flying Contest, Osaka-Kurume, 1920. Tokio-Osaka and Back "On April 21st [1920] two aviators out of the three entrants started on the Tokio-Osaka and back flight inaugurated by the Imperial Aerial Society. The first prize was 10,000 yen and the second 8,000 yen, half of each prize being a gift of - [International Village, Nojiri-ko (Lake Nojiri), Nagano Prefecture.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/international-village-nojiri-ko-lake-nojiri-nagano-prefecture/) - "Be it said at once, however, that Nojiri is for the house-owner or tenant rather than the visitor, for there are no hotels, and unless a cottage is available, there is no accommodation. "Nojiri and Karuizawa are supposed to maintain a friendly rivalry, the habitues of the two places vigorously supporting the claims of the - ["The Grand Chamber of Justice", Supreme Court, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-grand-chamber-of-justice-supreme-court-tokyo-c-1930/) - See also: Taishin-in (Supreme Court, or Court of Cassation), c. 1910. Justice Ministry, Kasumigaseki, Tokyo, c. 1910. "There is an old Chinese adage that 'people shall be made to conform themselves to law. Laws shall not be made known to them.' In adopting Chinese civilization with its merits and drawbacks [Japan] also imported this principle - ["War tuba", acoustic detection array, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/war-tuba-acoustic-detection-array-c-1935/) - War tuba noun 1. An acoustic locator, vaguely resembling a tuba, used (by Japan during the World Wars) to provide early warning of incoming aircraft. "Acoustic location is the technology of identifying the location of objects by detecting sound waves they emit. It was quickly adopted by the military in the early 1900s as a - [Dedication of Meiji Shrine, Tokyo, 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/dedication-of-meiji-shrine-tokyo-1920/) - See also: Meiji Jingu (Shrine), Tokyo. Meiji Shrine Outer Garden & Meiji Memorial Picture Gallery under construction, c. 1925. The building of the Meiji shrine is regarded by all as one of the best evidences of the undying quality of Japan's faith in Shinto and the ancestor-worship for which it stands, especially the duty of - [Meiji Gakuin University, Shirokane, Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/meiji-gakuin-university-tokyo-c-1920/) - See also: Rikkyo (St. Paul's) University Meiji College, c. 1920-1930 Tokyo Imperial University, c. 1930 Waseda University, c. 1910 "Meiji Gakuin University traces its origin back to the Hepburn Academy founded in 1863 by Dr. James Curtis Hepburn, the disseminator of the Hepburn system of Japanese romanization (first published in 1867), the Brown Academy and - ["Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere" propaganda postcard, 1942.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/greater-east-asia-co-prosperity-sphere-propaganda-postcard-1942/) - See also: National Spiritual Mobilization Movement propaganda postcard, c. 1940. "Solid nation union to sail in rough sea" propaganda postcard, c. 1940. "[T]he staff officers who had been wandering around the halls of peace at IGHQ [Imperial General Headquarters], the top advisors who fumbled the ball when given the chance for peace, as well as - [Nakajima E4N2 reconnaissance floatplane, military recruitment postcard, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nakajima-e4n2-reconnaissance-floatplane-military-recruitment-postcard-c-1935/) - See also: Nakajima E8N, “Dave”, c. 1935-45. "The Nakajima E4N was a Japanese shipboard reconnaissance aircraft of the 1930s that went through two very different designs before entering service with the Imperial Japanese Navy during the 1930s. "The Nakajima designs was influenced by the U.S. manufactured Vought O2U Corsair, a scout-observation biplane for which Nakajima - [Osaka home office of the Glico Confectionery Co. advertising postcard, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/osaka-home-office-of-the-glico-confectionery-co-advertising-postcard-c-1935/) - See also: Meiji-brand “Cream Caramel” advertising postcard, c. 1935. Royal Dutch Chocolate Cocoa advertising postcard, c. 1920. "The Glico Confectionery Co. was effectively established on February 11, 1922, the day that small boxes of 'Glico Caramel' chews, packaged in distinctive red boxes, were offered to the public for the first time. As demand grew, factories - [Tokyo Streetcars (Tokyo Toden), c. 1910-1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-streetcars-tokyo-toden-c-1910-1920/) - See also: Horse-drawn trolley, Nihonbashi, c. 1900 Ginza Crossing streetcars, c. 1960 "The first streetcars, referred to as a 'horse trolleys without the horse' (uma no nai basha), could hold up to forty people, sixteen seated and the rest standing. Like trains, they were rickety and made of wood. They had ten spaces for windows - [Kaishiki No. 1 biplane & Yamada dirigible, c. 1911.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kaishiki-no-1-biplane-yamada-dirigible-c-1911/) - "The Kaishiki No.1 (kaishikiichigouki) was the first successful Japanese-designed and constructed airplane. It was built by Captain Yoshitoshi Tokugawa, and was first flown by him on October 13, 1911 at Tokorozawa airfield in Saitama Prefecture. "Today, there is a replica displayed in the Tokorozawa Aviation Museum, located near the place where the aircraft's first flight - [Silk production, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/silk-production-c-1920/) - See also: Silk Conditioning House, Yokohama, c. 1935 "Triggered by the arrival of Admiral Perry from the United States, Japan’s 215-year isolation period came to an end in 1859. After that, Japanese silk-reeling industry changed dramatically, and its silkworm eggs and raw silk started to be sold significantly as global products. "The end of isolation, - [Junten Middle School, Tokyo, c. 1915.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/junten-middle-school-tokyo-c-1915/) - Junten Gakuen was founded in 1834 by Fukuda Riken as a private mathematics preparatory school, Junten Kyugosha, with the spirit of Junten kyugou ['searching for the truth according to the providence of nature'] in mind. Fukuda was considered to be a master of wasan [Japanese mathematics] in the late Tokugawa and early Meiji periods. Fukuda's - ["Emperor of Japan", c. 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/emperor-of-japan-c-1905/) - See also: Emperor Meiji meets General Grant, 1879. Emperor Meiji at the Grand Fleet Review, 1905. Emperor Meiji’s funeral hearse, 1912. Meiji Shrine Outer Garden & Meiji Memorial Picture Gallery under construction, c. 1925. "The personality of any man is that which is of most enduring interest to other men. Especially is this true when - [Emperor Meiji's funeral hearse, 1912.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/emperor-meijis-funeral-hearse-1912/) - See also: Dedication of Meiji Shrine, Tokyo, 1920. Count (General) Nogi Maresuke "On the night of 13 September 1912, the funeral procession for Emperor Meiji left the palace grounds. "Born in 1852, the year before the Perry Expedition's first visit, the emperor had ascended the throne in 1867 and presided over an era of unprecedented - [Bunraku puppets advertising postcard, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/bunraku-puppets-advertising-postcard-c-1910/) - See also: Kabuki theater & actors, c. 1910. The Kawakami Theater performing “Okan” at Meiji-za, Tokyo, c. 1905. "Kabuki, the popular theatre, and Nyngyo Shibai, or the doll-theatre [also known as bunraku]. were the two chief amusements of the people during the long Tokugawa period when the Shogun ruled in Yedo and Japan was shut - [Haku-san Sand Slope, Utsumi, Aichi Prefecture, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/haku-san-sand-slope-utsumi-c-1940/) - See also: Sand skiing, Shirahama (White Sand) Beach, near Wakayama, c. 1930. Caption (lower left): "The world's number one sand ski resort, Hakusan Slope, a sand mountain with an elevation of 65 meters [~200 feet] above sea level. The sand is made up of fine-grained silica sand rarely seen on mountains, and is used by - [Ambassador's residence, U.S. Embassy, Akasaka, Tokyo, c. 1950.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ambassadors-residence-u-s-embassy-akasaka-tokyo-c-1950/) - See also: U.S. Consulate, Yokohama, 1933. "[I]n 1925, Congress authorized funds for diplomatic and consular buildings in Tokyo ... Architects for the project were H. Van Buren Magonigle, a New Yorker with impressive credentials, and Antonin Raymond, who had worked in Magonigle's office in 1916 and had since moved to Japan and established a thriving - ["Gion Kobu Hanamikouji", Kyoto, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/gion-kobu-hanamikouji-kyoto-c-1920/) - See also: Geisha with flower, c. 1910. Miyako Odori, Koyoto, c. 1940. Dancing geisha, c. 1920. Geisha with Parasol, 1906. "Gion is a district of Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto, Japan, originating as an entertainment district in the Sengoku period, in front of Yasaka Shrine (Gion Shrine). The district was built to accommodate the needs of travellers and - [Yawata Iron and Steel Company, Yawata, Kyushu, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yawata-iron-and-steel-company-yawata-kyushu-c-1940/) - See also: Tokyo Higher Industrial School, 1905. Machine Shop, Tokyo Industrial Arts School, Tokyo, c. 1910. "The Imperial Steel Works was established in 1896 to meet increasing demand from the nation's burgeoning shipbuilding, railway, construction, and armaments industries. The site chosen was the former town of Yawata (now merged into Kitakyūshū) near coal mines and - [Earthquake refugee camp on the Imperial Palace plaza, Tokyo, 1923.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/earthquake-refugee-camp-on-the-imperial-palace-plaza-tokyo-1923/) - See also: 1923 Great Kanto Earthquake “Earthquake photography”, 1923. Showa Emperor Tours Rebuilt Tokyo, 1930. "[M]any earthquake survivors had to reside in makeshift temporary shelters known as barracks (barakku), which figured prominently in the picturing of daily life in the aftermath of the disaster. The term barakku was used broadly after the quake to refer - [Hakubutsu-kan (National Museum), Ueno Park, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hakubutsu-kan-museum-ueno-park-tokyo-c-1910/) - See also: Ueno Park Museums, c. 1910 "The Hakubutsu-kwan was first opened at Ueno under the auspices of the Department of Agriculture and Commerce. In 1886 the Museum was placed in the charge of the Imperial Household Department. "In the Museum are kept on exhibit objects of History, Fine Arts, Industrial Arts, and Natural History. - [5th National Industrial Exhibition, Osaka, 1903.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/5th-national-industrial-exhibition-osaka-1903/) - "In the heart of Japan stands the great city, Osaka, which has the reputation of being the centre of the commerce and industry of the empire, and here, in 1903, all the provinces of the country will unite in holding a great exhibition to display the best products of all branches of industry. "As is - ["Priest Gessho tsukusu ma de" (Serving Priest Gessho until exhausted), c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/priest-gessho-tsukusu-serving-priest-gessho-c-1920/) - See also: The Statue of Saigo at Ueno Park, c. 1910. "Gessho (1813-1858) was a Sonno Joi School Buddhist monk ('Revere the Emperor, Expel the Barbarians') who lived at the end of the Edo period. He went by the aliases Sokyu, Ninkai, Ningai and Hisamaru. "He was born in 1813 as the eldest son of - [Hyappongui (100 Stakes), Sumida River, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hyappongui-100-stakes-sumida-river-c-1910/) - "On the left bank of the river north of Ryogoku Bridge had stood a disorderly platoon of stakes known as Hyappongui (hundred stakes). They had been planted there to protect the bank at a point where there was a bend in the river. "The stakes were portrayed by two great artists of the city, Hiroshige - ["Temporary Occupation housing surrounds the Imperial Diet", Tokyo, c. 1950.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/temporary-occupation-housing-surrounds-the-imperial-diet-tokyo-c-1950/) - "Under the terms of surrender that ended World War II, Japan fell under Allied Occupation [from 1945-1952]. U.S. Army engineers faced a daunting challenge in constructing facilities for the Occupation forces and rebuilding the defeated country’s infrastructure. "... While Allied Occupation forces in Japan were self-sustaining in regard to food, clothing, ammunition, and other essential - [Anglo-Japanese Alliance, c. 1905](https://www.oldtokyo.com/anglo-japanese-alliance-c-1905/) - See also: Russo-Japanese War, 1904-1905 Yebisu Beer, Tokio Brewery No. 1, Meguro, c. 1900 Nippon Beer, c. 1950 "The story of the Anglo-Japanese alliance has all the elements of a romance. "Born out of a common desire of Japan and Great Britain to defend their vital interests in the Far East which were being seriously - [Victorious Great Powers at the Paris Peace Conference, 1919.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/victorious-great-powers-at-the-paris-peace-conference-1919/) - See also: South Pacific Mandates (Japan), c. 1930. "Westerners dealing with Japan [in the spring of 1919] tended to fall back on stereotypes about the mysterious East. So much about Japan was curious, including its status in the world. Was it a major power or not? And was it entitled to have the same number - [The Story of Townsend Harris, first US envoy to Japan, and Okichi.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-story-of-townsend-harris-first-us-envoy-to-japan-and-okichi/) - "Commodore Matthew Perry pried open the door to Japan, and the first American to pass through it was Townsend Harris ... Harris landed at Shimoda on Aug. 23, 1856 and established the first US Consulate on Japanese soil at Gyokusen-ji Temple. "In addition to his consular duties, Harris was tasked with concluding a commercial treaty - [French Legation, Tokyo, 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/french-legation-tokyo-1905/) - "After nearly two centuries of sakoku [self-imposed seclusion] ordered by the Tokugawara shogunate, Japan formed a strong bond with France, becoming important partners with it during Japan's late 19th century modernization in military, economic, legal and artistic fields. "Ironically, it was the isolationist Tokugawa shogunate who first enlisted the services of a foreign power, modernizing - ["Ben Venuto", Italian Fascist Mission Goodwill Tour of Japan advertising postcard, Tokyo, 1938.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ben-venuto-italian-fascist-mission-goodwill-tour-of-japan-advertising-postcard-tokyo-1938/) - "The rise of Japanese fascist power, a matter of only twenty years of so, was identified with the rise of the new plutocrats in Japan, who have been the so-called heavy industry people, whose business has been greatly fostered by the Government budgets. "Associated with them are a few large landlords who have invested heavily - ["The peace envoys of Japan and Russia at Portsmouth (N.H.) Navy Yard", 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-peace-envoys-of-japan-and-russia-at-portsmouth-navy-yard-1905/) - See also: Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905). Battle of Tsushima Straits propaganda postcard, Russo-Japanese War, 1905. “Monument of [Hill] 203”, Port Arthur, Manchuria, c. 1910. "By 1904, Russia and Japan had endured several years of disputes over control of Manchuria. The Russians had entered the region during the Sino-Japanese War of 1894–95 and, along with Germany and - [Emperor Meiji at the Grand Fleet Review, 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/emperor-meiji-at-the-grand-fleet-review-1905/) - See also: Meiji Shrine Outer Garden & Meiji Memorial Picture Gallery under construction, c. 1925. Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905). Final Imperial Japanese Navy Fleet Review, 1940. "The high point of Togo’s triumphal return occurred on 21 October [1905], when the navy choreographed the most impressive naval review in Japan’s history to date. Held off the coast - ["Three Monkeys carving at Iyeyasu Temple", Nikko, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/three-monkeys-carving-at-iyeyasu-temple-nikko-c-1920/) - See also: Oumaya (Sacred Horse Stable) of Toshogu, Nikko, c. 1920. View from Kirifuri Chaya (Teahouse), Nikko, c. 1910. Nikko, Japan, c. 1910. "One of the sights of beautiful Nikko, beautiful both by nature and by art, is a carving of three monkeys, one of whom covers his eyes, another covers his ears, and the - ["Stock farm of cows near Sapporo", Hokkaido, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/stock-farm-of-cows-near-sapporo-hokkaido-c-1920/) - "In contrast with Western agriculture based on live stock we have in Japan an agriculture based on rice. But a section of the Japanese agricultural world turns its eyes longingly to mixed farming, and so, when I returned to Sapporo from my trip to the north of Hokkaido, I was taken to see a Government - [Akasaka Detached Palace, c. 1920-1950.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/akasaka-detached-palace/) - See also: Togu Gosho (Crown Prince’s Palace), c. 1920. Imperial Palace (Meiji Palace) interiors, Tokyo, c. 1920. "Beside the outer moat of the palace as it crossed the ridge line and entered the High City was the Akasaka Detached Palace, finished in 1908. It was built on the site, expanded by gifts and purchases, of - [Nezu Kaichiro, Chairman of the Tobu Railway Co., c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nezu-kaichiro-chairman-of-the-tobu-railway-c-1920/) - See also: Matsuya (Asakuksa) Department Store & Tobu Railway, c. 1930. "Tobu Railway Co. was established in 1897. Kaichiro Nezu the First (hereafter the First) was asked to join Tobu Railway Co. as president in 1905. "During his presidency, he succeeded in rebuilding the company which had been suffering from a business slump. One of - [Fudo Temple, Yokohama, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/fudo-temple-yokohama-c-1920/) - "A little way down the Daijingu hill is a temple dedicated to an Indian deity, Fudo. The place is crowded by devotees on the 28th of every month when a regular festival takes place at the temple. "At the left of the steps leading to the temple is a sword-shaped monument erected to the memory - [Isetan Department Store, Shinjuku, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/isetan-department-store-shinjuku-c-1935/) - See also: The bustling main street of Shinjuku, c. 1930 View of Shinjuku at Night, c. 1960 Shinjuku Station, c .1930 "In common with other top Japanese department stores, Isetan traces its origins back to a kimono shop. Whereas Mitsukoshi, Daimaru, and Takashimaya have histories going back hundreds of years, Isetan's story begins in 1886 - [I.J.N. Kaidai I-class (I-51) submarine, c. 1925.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/i-j-n-kaidai-i-class-i-51-submarine-c-1925/) - See also: I.J.N. O-5 (former SM UC-99) war prize submarine, c. 1920. Imperial Japanese Navy Ro-29 class commerce raider submarine, c. 1930. I.J.N. I-71 K6-class submarine & submarine depot ship “Taigei”, c. 1935. "I-51, a.k.a 'Project S22' and 'Submarine No. 44', was a submarine in commission in the Imperial Japanese Navy from 1924 to 1938. - [Eiwa Jo Gakko student dormitory, Yokohama, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/eiwa-jo-gakko-student-dormitory-yokohama-c-1920/) - "At 48 Bluff, where a mission home was located, missionary Miss Brittan opened Brittan Jo Gakko in October 1880. In 1881, it moved to 68 Bluff and then to 120-A Bluff in 1883 when the school had become coeducational. "In 1886, the boy’s section became Yokohama Eiwa Gakko and remained at the same place [while] - [Japanese Department Stores, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-department-stores-c-1930/) - See also: Nozawa & Bros. department store, Yokohama, c. 1940. Isetan Department Store, Shinjuku, c. 1935 Matsuzakaya Department Store, Ueno, c. 1907-1940 Mitsukoshi Department Store, c. 1903-1923 Shirokiya Department Store, c. 1910-1940 "In Japan the modern department store emerged in the first decade of the twentieth century as an end product of 'civilization and enlightenment' - [Yushukan ["Museum of Armaments"], Kudan, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yushukan-yushukwan-kudan-c-1910/) - See also: Yasukuni Shrine at Kudan, Tokyo, c. 1910 "Continuing on, we inspected a number of cannon taken during the late war with China, lying outside a building containing many other trophies secured during the campaign. "... In the interior of the [Yushu-kwan] there is a large collection of standards taken from the Mongols during - ["The Emperor's Entrance", Tokyo Central Station, Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-emperors-entrance-tokyo-central-station-tokyo-c-1920/) - See also: Tokyo Station, 1914-1940. Royal Carriage Departure, Tokyo Station, 1924. Tokyo Station Hotel, c. 1920. "The middle part of the Central Station is reserved for the use of the Imperial Family and distinguished foreigners who may from time to time visit this country as guests of the State. "... The steps at the entrance - [Yuraka Building, Yurakacho, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yuraka-building-yurakacho-tokyo-c-1930/) - See also: Aerial View of Yurakucho Theaters, c. 1935. Yusen (Nippon Yusen Kaisha) Building, Marunouchi, c. 1930. Tokyo Nichi Nichi Shimbun (Newspaper), Yurakucho, c. 1930. "I was assigned to a Calvary regiment located just outside of Tokyo and during the first day [of Occupation duty] there met several friends from Ft. Knox. I knew that - [View of Kose Station (Karuizawa), c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/view-of-kose-station-karuizawa-c-1920/) - See also: Mikasa Hotel, Karuizawa, c. 1920 Play Ground in Karuizawa, c. 1930. "A lover of beautiful landscapes rich with foliage and wild flowers will want to repeat this walk again and again, as the pleasure of studying the untrustworthy Asama from a safe distance grows on one ... In June a host of odorless - [First Airplane Flight in Japan, Yoyogi Parade Ground, Tokyo, 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/first-japanese-airplane-flight-1910/) - "In May 1910, Yoshitoshi Tokugawa, a twenty-seven-year old first lieutenant in the Japanese engineer corps, was of a group of likely candidates selected by various governments to study aviation in France. Together with students from Germany, Poland, and Austria, he entered the Farman school at Etampes." "Instruction then consisted of ten five-minute training flights at - ["Hokkaido Imperial University", Sapporo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hokkaido-imperial-university-sapporo-c-1920/) - See also: “Stock farm of cows near Sapporo”, Hokkaido, c. 1920. Hokkaido Semi-Centennial Exposition, 1918. "At the early years of the Restoration Period (the late 1860s) the vast plains of Hokkaido covering 34,700 square miles were thickly covered with dense forests and wild brambles, a veritable home of the bears and other wild animals. And - [Kamikochi Imperial Hotel, Matsumoto, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kamikochi-imperial-hotel-matsumoto-c-1940/) - See also: Imperial Hotel (1923-1968) Climbing Mt. Hakuba (Shiro-uma-yama), Nagano, 1928. "[In 1953] For the first three days, we stayed at Matsumoto in the famous Kamikochi Hotel. Built in the early 1930s in the style of a Swiss mountain hotel, it sat in the shadow of Japan's highest peak, Yaregatake. The food was excellent French - ["Great Kobe Harbour", c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/great-kobe-harbour-c-1960/) - See also: View of Kobe Harbor and Nakayamate Catholic Cathedral, Kobe, c. 1925. The Bund, Kobe, c. 1910. Japan’s first golf course, Mt. Rokko, Kobe, c. 1920. Grand Fleet Review, Osaka-Kobe, 1930. "Kobe, a city with a large foreign community, is the prefectural capital of Hyogo. To the east are the cities of Ashiya, Nishinomiya, - ["Bird's Eye View of Tokyo," c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/birds-eye-view-of-tokyo-c-1960/) - See also: The Creation of "Greater Tokyo", 1932 Tokyo Self-government Commemoration, 1919 Marunouchi Business District, 1900-1950 "In October, 1932, Tokyo was enormously extended to include many adjoining towns and villages within the municipal area. And in July, 1943, Greater Tokyo absorbed the remaining part of Tokyo Prefecture in which it lay, expanding in area from - [Kyushu Imperial University, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kyushu-imperial-university-c-1930/) - See also: Whole View of Tokyo Imperial University and Faraway Shinobazu Pond, Tokyo, c. 1930. Sophia University, Yotsuya, Tokyo, c. 1930. "The university is situated in the ancient port city of Fukuoka on Kyushu, the southernmost of the four mainland islands in the Japanese archipelago. "Kyushu University was founded in 1911 as Kyushu Imperial University, - [Rikkyo (St. Paul's) University](https://www.oldtokyo.com/rikkyo-st-pauls-university/) - See also: Tsukiji Foreign Settlement, c. 1900 Seiyoken Hotel, Tsukiji, c. 1910 The school was founded in 1874 as St. Paul's University by Channing Moore Williams, an Episcopal Church missionary from the United States. Fire devoured the first school buildings in 1876, but with funding from the Domestic and Foreign Mission Society of the Protestant - [Akamon (Red Gate), Tokyo Imperial University, c. 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/akamon-red-gate-tokyo-imperial-university-c-1905/) - See also: Whole View of Tokyo Imperial University, c. 1930 "The main Hongo campus of Tokyo (Imperial) University occupies the former estate of the Maeda family, the Edo-period feudal lords [daimyo] of Kaga Province. One of the university's best-known landmarks, Akamon [red Gate], is a relic of that period. "Akamon was first erected in 1827 - [The Natural Sand Baths and Onsen, Beppu, c. 1910-1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-natural-sand-baths-and-onsen-beppu-c-1910-1930/) - "Beppu, with a population of 62,300, is known throughout Japan for its hot springs, which include alkaline, sulphur, iron and carbonated baths, efficacious for various ailments. "Among the numerous public baths, some owned privately and some by the municipality, the Hurosen is general the most popular among foreign visitors. There are also hot sand baths - ["Princess Turandot", Takarazuka Revue advertising postcard, Tokyo, 1934.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/princess-turandot-takarazuka-revue-advertising-postcard-tokyo-1934/) - See also: Takarazuka Gekijo (Theater), Tokyo Takarazuka Revue, “Parisette”, c. 1930. "Club Washing Powder" [クラブ洗粉] advertising postcards, c. 1910. Princess Turandot was based on Count Carlo Gozzi's Turandot. The gist of the opera-cum-musical's dramatic plot is that Prince Calaf, whose country has been destroyed, falls in love with Princess Turandot. He solves the three riddles - [Methodist mission kindergarten class, Sendai, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/methodist-mission-kindergarten-class-sendai-c-1920/) - Postcard message on the reverse side: "Dear Friends in America, "I made a visit this morning to a kindergarten of the Methodist mission, and when I entered that door I thought I had truly entered a flower garden. There was a round circle of blossoms, each on a tiny little chair. "Of course, they were - ["Patriotic March" ("Aikoku koshinkyoku") propaganda postcard, c. 1937.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/patriotic-march-aikoku-koshinkyoku-propaganda-postcard-c-1937/) - See also: Kimigayo (National Anthem) Commemorative Postcard, c. 1910 Attack on Pearl Harbor propaganda postcard, c. 1942. National Spiritual Mobilization Movement propaganda postcard, c. 1940. "On December 9, 1941, the day after [Japan Standard Time] Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor, the Osaka Mainichi and Tokyo Nichinichi newspapers announced that they were hosting a public song - [Boys' Day, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/boys-day-c-1910/) - "In the Japanese Calendar, festivals trip closely upon one another; indeed it has been stated that for each day in the year, there is some event worth recording. Some of these festivals are local some religious and some general ... Tango no sekku, which claims our attention at this present time, is the third great - ["Fish Street-vender in Japan", c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/fish-street-vender-in-japan-c-1920/) - See also: “Fishing boat”, c. 1910. “Dried bonito dealer”, c. 1920. Uogashi (Fish Market) at Nihonbashi, c. 1910. "The street peddlers and street hawkers of Tokyo are a little world of commerce all to themselves. "So numerous and varied are they that the busy Japanese housewife need not step beyond her doorstep to find food, - ["Yamagata Palace" onsen-ryokan at Taka-yu, Minami-Murayama, Yamagata, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/onsen-ryokan-at-taka-yu-minami-murayama-yamagata-c-1920/) - See also: Onsen (hot springs) culture. Dogo Onsen, Matsuyama (Iyo District), Shikoku, c. 1910. The Natural Sand Baths and Onsen, Beppu, c. 1910-1930. Taka-yu ("High Hot Spring") "This resort (alt. 3,000 ft.) is on the N. side of Zao-san, on the side opposite the Aone and Gaga hot springs. It has a number of meritorious - [Post-war Housing Construction (danchi), c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/post-war-housing-construction-danchi-c-1960/) - "The Japanese word danchi may not be evocative for a foreign reader, though its present use - which appeared in the mid-nineteen-fifties - became common language here. At the time, with the rebirth of the economy, Japan began a mass-housing policy of shugojyu-takudanchi (collective housing estates) summarized in the shorter and popular danchi. "Even though - ["Souvenir of the Naval Manoevre, Oct. 23, 1905", Mitsukoshi Department Store advertising postcard, 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/souvenir-of-the-naval-manoevre-oct-23-1905-mitsukoshi-department-store-advertising-postcard-1905/) - See also: Emperor Meiji at the Grand Fleet Review, 1905. Battle of Tsushima Straits propaganda postcard, Russo-Japanese War, 1905. (From The Japan Weekly Mail, October 30, 1905) "Partial figures are published indicating the immensity of the concourse of people who went to see the Naval Review [on Oct. 23, 1905]. Thus it is mentioned - [Keio University baseball players on the field, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/keio-university-baseball-players-on-the-field-c-1910/) - "The first Japanese baseball club, the Shinbashi Athletic Club Athletics, was formed in 1878 by railway engineer Hiroshi Hiraoka, a former U.S. student who was a fan of the Boston Red Sox. By 1896, the skill of the still amateur players was demonstrated during the first international baseball game played between the ‘Ichiko’ team from - [Polydor Portable "Electrix" Gramophone advertising postcard, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/polydor-portable-electrix-gramophone-advertising-postcard-c-1930/) - See also: Maiko with “Nipponophone”, c. 1910. "It is interesting to note that in Japan before the War the sales of Western symphonic music recordings were the greatest per capita of any nation in the world! "Such sets as the Beethoven Ninth Symphony enjoy phenomenal popularity among record buyers, and the Japanese record catalogs include - [R.M.S. Empress of India, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/r-m-s-empress-of-india-c-1910/) - "The three Empresses became synonymous with speed, and could make the crossing from Yokohama to Race Rocks, British Columbia, in ten days, 13 hours. Each was distinguished by its own figurehead - a sleek figurehead of Her Majesty Queen Victoria graced the Empress of India. "Each of the ships took their maiden voyages from Britain - [Ward in the Japanese Red Cross Central Hospital, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ward-in-the-japanese-red-cross-central-hospital-tokyo-c-1910/) - See also: Japan Red Cross Society commemorative postcard, c. 1937. 15th International Conference of the Red Cross commemorative postcard and stamps, Tokyo, 1934. “Imperial Princesses Making Bandages”, Russo-Japanese War, c. 1904. "The Red Cross Hospital at Tokyo is Japan's pride amongst hospitals. "It is located in large and beautiful grounds, highly cultivated in Japanese fashion; - [Shinohashi, Tokyo, c. 1910-1912.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/shinohashi-tokyo-c-1910/) - See also: Ferry Boat (Yakata-bune), Sumida River, c. 1911 "From the beginning of the Meiji era [Tokyo] was gradually rebuilt as the new capital of the Japanese Empire. The number of earth-walled houses dwindled daily, to be replaced by Western-style buildings. The rebuilding of the main roads of Nihonbashi was much talked about, and comments - [Sinking the HMS Prince of Wales and HMS Repulse propaganda postcard, 1941.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sinking-the-hms-prince-of-wales-and-hms-repulse-propaganda-postcard-1941/) - "The dispatch of British capital ships to Singapore had been part of the Admiralty's strategic planning since the naval base had been expanded and fortified beginning in the early 1920s. The scale of this planned deployment had been reduced during the 1930s, since Germany and Italy presented new threats to British interests in the Atlantic - ["Aleutian Operations" propaganda postcard, c. 1942.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/aleutian-operations-propaganda-postcard-c-1942/) - See also: USS Saratoga torpedoed, propaganda postcard, 1942. Sinking the HMS Prince of Wales and HMS Repulse propaganda postcard, 1941. “Patriotic March” (“Aikoku koshinkyoku”) propaganda postcard, c. 1942. "In the only two invasions of the United States during the war, a small Japanese force occupied the islands of Attu and Kiska [in the Alaska Territory - [The Battle of Wong Nai Chung Gap (Hong Kong) propaganda postcard, 1942.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-battle-of-wong-nai-chung-gap-hong-kong-propaganda-postcard-1942/) - "The Japanese attack upon Hong Kong opened in the early morning of December 8 [1941] with action against the prepared positions of the British in the New Territories north of Kowloon. It was continued by the successful bombing of Hong Kong's only airfield at 8:00 the same morning. "The course of the siege thus opened - [Battle of the Yalu River (1894), propaganda postcard, c. 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/battle-of-the-yalu-river-1894-propaganda-postcard-c-1905/) - See also: “Japanese troops marching scene to Ping Yang (Pyongyang) [in 1894]”, Russo-Japanese War propaganda postcard, c. 1905. "Just one day after the rout of the Chinese from their defenses at Ping-Yang, another meeting between Japanese and Chinese took place not may miles from the same point, but the second battle was on sea instead - [Aircraft carrier USS "Saratoga" torpedoed, propaganda postcard, 1942.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/uss-saratoga-torpedoed-propaganda-postcard-1942/) - See also: Attack on Pearl Harbor propaganda postcard, c. 1942. 11 January 1942 "At 1841, while patrolling 270 miles NE of Johnston Island, I-6 sights a destroyer and crash-dives. Soon thereafter, a LEXINGTON-class carrier, one heavy cruiser and another destroyer appear on a southeasterly course at 19N, 165W. The carrier is USS SARATOGA (CV-3) of - ["Dried bonito dealer", c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/dried-bonito-dealer-c-1920/) - See also: “Fishing boat”, c. 1910. “A fishing place in Awaji”, Hyogo Prefecture, c. 1920. Uogashi (Fish Market) at Nihonbashi, c. 1910. "Bonito fishery is peculiar to Japan, as no other country is engaged in it. It is one of the most important industries in Japan, the annual catch being as much as 50,000 tons - [Cape Inubosaki lighthouse, Choshi, Chiba Prefecture, Higeta Shoyu Co. advertising postcard, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/cape-inubosaki-lighthouse-choshi-chiba-prefecture-higeta-shoyu-co-advertising-postcard-c-1930/) - "Higeta shoyu is one of the oldest brands of soy sauce in Eastern Japan, tracing its history back to 1616 when Tanaka Genba, a dried sardine trader, began making shoyu in Choshi, a coastal town at Cape Inubō on the Pacific coast of the Boso penisula. Tanaka then transported his shoyu to the feudal capital - [Chemistry Laboratory, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/chemistry-laboratory-c-1940/) - See also: 31st Anniversary of the Tokyo Higher Technical School commemorative postcards, Kuramae, Tokyo, 1912. Exposition of Shining Technology (2,600th National Foundation Anniversary), 1940. "The history of chemistry in Japan is a chronicle of how Japanese learned Western chemistry and contributed to its further development. "The Meiji Restoration in 1868 is often credited as the - ["Packing Granger & Co.'s 'Lion Brand' packages teas in Japan", c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/packing-granger-co-s-lion-brand-packages-teas-in-japan-c-1910/) - See also: “Tea-farming”, c. 1920. Tea picking at Uji, c. 1920. Green tea culture, c. 1950. "The growers and manufacturers employ from ten or fifteen to a hundred laborers, according to the size of their plantations; but the majority of the gardens and factories are small and the work of plucking and firing is often - [Izaki No. 2 "Sempu-go", Kyoto Aero Club, c. 1915.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/izaki-no-2-sempu-go-kyoto-aero-club-c-1915/) - See also: First Airplane Flight in Japan, 1910 Narahara #4 “Otori-go” Aeroplane, c. 1912. "When aviator Tsunesaburo Ogita returned to Japan from France in May 1914, he took with him an 80hp Le Rhone-powered Morane-Saulnier MS 5 [Type H] monoplane. He won first prize in the altitude category by reaching 2,000m (6,600 ft) at the - ["Scene at the Blackmer Home", Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/scene-at-the-blackmer-home-tokyo-c-1920/) - See also: Sarah Curtis Home, Tokyo, c. 1910. “Sendai Christian Orphanage, Girls’ Cottages”, Sendai, c. 1910. Duncan Academy, Tokyo, c. 1910. "The greater and better part of what the Universalist church has done and is doing in Japan can never be written. It does not readily lend itself to description ; and yet it is - ["Sendai Christian Orphanage, Girls' Cottages", Sendai, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sendai-christian-orphanage-girls-cottages-sendai-c-1910/) - "Tohoku has at times suffered from famine. The last severe shortage occurred during the winter of 1905-06. "Rev. William E. Lampe, then of the Tohoku Mission, was appointed chairman of a relief-committee, which included one representative each from the various missions at work in the North, the Baptists, the Congregationalists, the Disciples, the Methodists and - [Hotel Shiga Heights, Nagano, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hotel-shiga-heights-c-1940/) - See also: Kamikochi Imperial Hotel, Matsumoto, c. 1940 "When we got to [the Shiga Heights Hotel], we were on the top of an isolated pinnacle 5,000 feet above civilization. We were surrounded by hills, the alpine type so well suited to winter sports. We saw the ski lift, the ski jump, and the toboggan slide - [Matsudaya Hotel, Yuda Spa, Yamaguchi Prefecture, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/matsudaya-hotel-yuda-spa-yamaguchi-prefecture-c-1930/) - See also: Onsen (hot springs) culture. Menoyu Ryokan, Asama hot springs, Matsumoto, c. 1930. Exposition celebrating the 70th anniversary of the “Meiji Assembly”, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1938. "Ever since our founding during the Edo period, the space we occupy has seen many significant historical events. "The aspiring men who fought in the dream of the - [Ryogoku Bridge, Sumida River, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ryogoku-bridge-sumida-river-c-1910/) - Nagai, nagai, Ryogoku-bashi nagai! Nagai Ryogoku-bashi Suzumi ni detara, O-ko-sama-gata ga Yakata no fune de Hikuya, kataruya, Yare omoshiroya, yare omoshiroya! Bon odori! Long, long - the Ryogoku Bridge is long. Had you gone there to get cool on the long Ryogoku Bridge, oh! to see the honorable children in the pleasure-boats, and to hear - [Chuo Rapid Line (neé Kobu Line), Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/chuo-line-nee-kobu-line-tokyo-c-1910/) - "Another notable railway venture was commence in the outskirts of Tokyo in 1889 - the Kobu Tetsudo. "The Kobu initially ran from Shinjuku [intersecting] the Akabane line westward a very modest distance to Hachioji, then an important center of the silk industry. But, it was destined to become the first link of a IJGR extension - [Aichi D1A Type 94 "Susie" dive bomber, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/aichi-d1a-type-94-susie-dive-bomber-c-1935/) - "With the appearance of the Aichi D1A, dive bombing came into its own in the Japanese navy. In 1935, the navy had begun to practice formation dive bombing and to experiment with a formula whereby carrier fighters would stay above the dive bombers as a cover force while the latter dove into the attack. "But - ["Tokyo Reinanzaka Kyokai vue de Hikawacho", Tornomon, Tokyo, 1934.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-reinanzaka-kyokai-vue-de-hikawacho-1934/) - "During the same years that Uemura and the Ichibancho Church planned and built the Fujimicho Church, [former Doshisha University president and] Reinanzaka Church pastor Kozaki Hiromichi was also actively envisioning a new and much enlarged Reinanzaka Church building. During the late 1890s, the church had narrowly survived, but Kozaki believed that a new building could - [Ueno Hirokoji, c. 1910-1945.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ueno-hirokoji/) - See also: Ueno Park, c. 1910 Tokyo "Black Markets", 1945 Matsuzakaya, Ueno (1907-1940) "We crossed over the Sumidagawa again and headed for the Ueno Hirokoji district. As we approached Hirokoji Street, we came upon a large burned-out area where a great number of people had gathered. They were assiduously sifting through the ruins, looking for - [Peace Memorial Park, Hiroshima, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/peace-memorial-park-hiroshima-c-1960/) - See also: Hiroshima Industrial Exposition, 1929. "In the 1940s and 1950s ... the dome only narrowly escaped demolition. A 1949 survey found that most residents (65 percent) wanted to see it destroyed, as it was 'a reminder of the war and its destruction.' "A 1951 round-table discussion with Mayor Hamai Shinzo, the president of Hiroshima - [Omote-cho Palace of Prince Chichibu, Akasaka, Tokyo, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/omote-cho-palace-of-prince-chichibu-akasaka-tokyo-c-1940/) - "Prince Chichibu [Emperor Showa's younger brother] was commissioned as a second lieutenant in 1922, after three months as a provisionary officer. A palace had been built for him in Akasaka's Omote-cho, and he moved into it that same year. "It was a little over a mile from his office, and he insisted on walking the - [Sammaibashi, Yumoto, Hakone, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sammaibashi-yumoto-hakone-c-1910/) - "Hakone is one of the favourite playgrounds of Tokyo, and is the name given to a block of mountains not far from the base of Fuji, at the neck of the rocky peninsula of Izu which juts out into the sea about sixty miles west of Tokyo. "... Yumoto is practically the beginning of Hakone. - [Tokaido Main Line, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokaido-main-line-c-1910/) - See also: Tokaido Main Line Railway, c. 1930. Tokaido Highway, Shinagawa, Tokyo, woodblock reprint c. 1920. "The word Tokaido signifies 'Eastern Sea Road'. The name was given to this road at an early date on account of its running along the sea-shore in an easterly direction from Kyoto, which, being the old historic capital, was - [Tokaido Main Line "Kodama", c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokaido-main-line-kodama-c-1960/) - See also: Tokaido Main Line, c. 1910 Tokaido Main Line, c. 1930 "The Tōkaidō Main Line route takes its name from the ancient road connecting the Kansai region (Kyoto, Osaka) with the Kantō region (Tokyo, then Edo) through the Tōkai region (including Nagoya). Literally, it was the Tōkai road, or 'Road through Tōkai'. The Tōkaidō - [Doshisha University, Kyoto, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/doshisha-university-kyoto-c-1920/) - See also: Akamon (Red Gate), Tokyo Imperial University, c. 1905. Kyushu Imperial University, c. 1930. Sophia University, Yotsuya, Tokyo, c. 1930. Rikkyo (St. Paul’s) University "According to a correspondent of the East and West News Bureau, the emperor of Japan recently granted a sum of money, out of his civil list, to the Doshisha University - [Yoshiwara (Tokyo), c. 1910-1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yoshiwara-tokyo/) - See also: Kamuro (attendant) at Yoshiwara, c. 1910 "By the 1760s ... the tayo and koshi had disappeared in Yoshiwara and had been supplanted by the oiran, the highest ranking courtesans. "The highest oiran were the yobidashi (literally, persons on call), who could be seen only be making an appointment through a teahouse. The next - [Statue of Omura Masujiro at Yasukuni Shrine, Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/statue-of-omura-masujiro-at-yasukuni-shrine-tokyo-c-1920/) - "[A] tall bronze monument, erected in 1882, on a cylindrical base midway of the [Yasukuni] esplanade, surrounded by an iron fence made to represent arrows and sentineled by a number of dismounted cannon, stands to the memory of Omura Masujiro (whose statue crowns the pedestal), a heroic and prominent figure of the Restoration. "It was - [Fifteenth Quadrennial International Red Cross Conference, Tokyo, 1934.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/fifteenth-quadrennial-international-red-cross-conference-tokyo-1934/) - "The Fifteenth International Red Cross Conference opened yesterday, in Tokyo with 63 countries represented with over 300 official delegates participating. Her Imperial Highness Empress Nagako read the welcome address lo 58 representatives of foreign countries, who had arrived earlier for the International parley which will continue from Oct. 17-29. "The significant conference with a cosmopolitan - [Nanko Temple, Kobe](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nanko-temple-kobe/) - See also: The Bronze Statue of Kusunoki Masashige, Tokyo, c. 1930. "As Yamato Dake and Yoshitsune are looked upon as noble types of Japanese chivalry, so is Kusunoki Masashige regarded to this day as the highest and noblest model that Japan has produced of the still higher quality of unselfish loyalty in a dying cause. - [Japan-British Exhibition, London, 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japan-british-exhibition-london-1910/) - See also: In the Japanese Gardens, Japan-British Exhibition, London (1910) Entrance to the Japanese Fair, Japan-British Exhibition, London (1910) Flip-Flap, Japan-British Exhibition, London, 1910. Mountain Railyway, Japan-British Exhibition, 1910 "The Japanese and things Japanese will become not only the cynosure of British eyes, but indeed the centre of interest for visitors pouring from the countries - [Entrance to the Japanese Fair, Japan-British Exhibition, London, 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/entrance-to-the-japanese-fair-japan-british-exhibition-london-1910/) - See also: Japan-British Exhibition, London, 1910 In the Japanese Gardens, Japan-British Exhibition, 1910 Mountain Railway, Japan-British Exhibition, 1910 "Visitors who were interested in seeing how the craft works were made could watch Japanese master craftsmen at the Japanese Village, or 'Fair Japan'. "One of the most popular craftsmen actually in the Exhibition was Horikawa Kozan, - [Climbing Mt. Asama, Karuizawa, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/climbing-mt-asama-karuizawa-c-1920/) - See also: Mt. Asama, Karuizawa, c. 1930. Karuizawa, c. 1920. Climbing Mt. Hakuba (Shiro-uma-yama), Nagano, 1928. "There many delightful walks, picnic and excursion points about Karuizawa, and it is one departure place for the climb up erratic Mt. Asama, which 'with tolerable regularity blows out its rocky brains,' as many have observed." - The Hot - [Enoshima, c. 1910-1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/enoshima/) - See also: Kinkiro Hotel, Enoshima, c. 1910 Katase Beach, Enoshima, 1910-1960. “Whole View of Yenoshima” from Katase, c. 1910. "I, of course, have been to Enoshima, like other people — lovely Enoshima, an island at high tide, a peninsula at other times, beautiful under all circumstances and at all seasons of the year; not less - [Japan Pavilion, Golden Gate International Exposition, San Francisco, CA, 1939.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japan-pavilion-golden-gate-international-exposition-san-francisco-ca-1939/) - See also: Japan Pavilion, New York World’s Fair, 1939. Japan Government Exhibit, Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. Louis, Missouri, 1904. Japan-British Exhibition, London, 1910. "The Golden Gate Exposition was a World's Fair held in 1939 and 1940 on Treasure Island [San Francisco, CA]. The fair celebrated many things, including the city's two newly built bridges - - [Hitachi color TV console advertising postcard, c. 1970.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hitachi-color-tv-console-advertising-postcard-c-1970/) - See also: Hitachi table fan, c. 1930. "Television in Japan was first introduced in 1939. However, experiments there dated back to the 1920s with Kenjiro Takayanagi's pioneering work with electronic television. In 1924, Kenjiro Takayanagi began a research program on electronic television. In 1925, he demonstrated a cathode ray tube (CRT) television with thermal electron - [Mikawaya ryokan, Yotsuya-Hakone, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mikawaya-ryokan-yotsuya-hakone-c-1920/) - "[T]here are nine hot springs in Hakone, viz., Dōgashima, Sokokura, Kiga, Ashinoyu, Kowakidani, Yunohanazawa, Ubako, Gora, and Sengokubara. Here again our road branches off to the left, by which we pass through Kowakidani and Ashinoyu and reach Hakone-machi. "Kowakidani is only a mile away from here and is now becoming one of the most attractive - [Nakanoshima Park, Osaka, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nakanoshima-park-osaka-c-1910/) - "Sandwiched by the Dojima-gawa and Tosabori-gawa rivers, Nakanoshima Park was the first public park opened by Osaka in 1891 after its foundation as a city. "The 11-hectare park houses public facilities such as Osaka Central Public Hall (established in 1911, it is now a nationally Important Cultural Property), Osaka Prefectural Nakanoshima Library and Museum of - [Royal Dutch Chocolate Cocoa advertising postcard, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/royal-dutch-chocolate-cocoa-advertising-postcard-c-1920/) - See also: Meiji Merry Brand Sweetened Condensed Milk, c. 1930 "The 1871 Iwakura mission to the United States and Europe at one point stopped for a first taste of chocolate, while visiting a confectionery factory in France. The product was so unknown that no word had yet been created for it, so [Japanese phonetic] characters - [Tamadare Waterfall, Hakone, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tamadara-waterfall-hakone-c-1910/) - "An example is here shown ... of a group of cascades called Tamadare-no-taki, situated near Dogashima in the Hakone district, which may be taken as characteristic of different types of waterfalls introduced into landscape gardens. "The large fall on the left of the picture pours over a rugged rock surface and is broken into numerous - [Expo '70, Osaka, 1970.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/expo-70-osaka-1970/) - "Expo '70 is a landscape of glittering laser beams, clicking computers and clanking robots demonstrating — upon close inspection — that all that glitters, clicks and clanks is not necessarily advanced technology. "As befits a world exposition In the country that made the transistor famous, the 815-acre fairground is a treasure house of electronic gadgets - [Jizo temple at Asakusa Park, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/jizo-temple-at-asakusa-park-tokyo-c-1910/) - "... Jizo takes care of the souls of unborn children and those who die at a young age. Children 'in limbo' in Japan are said to go to a place called Sai no kawara, where they must create piles of stones into small towers. But every night the stone towers are destroyed by demons, so - ["Great White Fleet" being fêted in Yokohama, 1908.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/great-white-fleet-being-feted-in-yokohama-1908/) - See also: The “Great White Fleet”, at Yokohama, 1908. "The 'Great White Fleet' was the popular moniker used for the United States Navy flotilla that completed a circumnavigation of the globe between December 1907 and February 1909 by order of President Theodore Roosevelt. "The hulls of these ships were painted for peacetime - a stark - ["View of Gora Spa", Miyanoshita, Hakone, c. 1955.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/view-of-gora-spa-miyanoshita-hakone-c-1955/) - See also: Fujiya Hotel, Miyanoshita, c. 1910-1960. Fujiya Hotel, Miyanoshita, c. 1910-1960. Hakone Mountain Electric Railway Co., c. 1920. The Gohra Hotel was built in 1939, designed by architect Shigeoka Kiichi. Requisitioned by Allied forces during the Occupation of Japan (1945-1952) the Gohra served as a retreat for U.S. Forces Japan from 1945-1973, until it - [Margaret K. Long Girls' School (Joshi Seigakuin), Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/margaret-k-long-girls-school-joshi-seigakuin-tokyo-c-1920/) - "Mr. R.A. Long, a wealthy lumber merchant of Kansas City, Mo., a princely giver to all Christian enterprises, gave another $5,000 to our girls' school. It was a large gift from him that made it possible to have the school in the first place. "It has been decided by our Board to [add the] name - ["Play Ground in Karuizawa", c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/playground-in-karuizawa/) - "The innocent and inexpensive recreations that missionaries introduced to Karuizawa were by and large similar to those popular in Kodaikanal and other hill stations in India. "In Karuizawa, tennis seems to have become almost the symbol of the village/town; the public tennis courts that the Summer Residents' Association maintained was the place for social exchange - [Emperor Taisho 25th Wedding Anniversary, 1925.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/emperor-taisho-25th-wedding-anniversary-1925/) - See also: Crown Prince Yoshihito (Taisho) and family, c. 1910. Enthronement of Emperor Taisho commemorative postcard, 1915. Taisho Mausoleum, Hachioji, c. 1930. "The outstanding event of the year was the Silver Wedding Anniversary of the Emperor and Empress [on May 10, 1925], a celebration in which all classes joined in pledging allegiance and expressing affection. - [Wisteria Blossoms at Kameido, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/wisteria-blossoms-at-kameido-c-1910/) - See also: Kameido Tenjin Shrine "A ninth-generation descendent of the famous minister, Sugawara Michizane, who was a model of loyalty to the sovereign and ancestor of the Maeda daimyo families, decided to found in Hongo (the present-day Kotoku district of Tokyo) a shrine dedicated to the sage Tenjin ('heavenly man'). There were already in Edo, - ["Year of the Rabbit/Hare" ("Usagi"), New Year's postcard, 1939.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/year-of-the-rabbit-hare-new-years-postcard-1939/) - See also: Seven Lucky Gods of Japan, c. 1920. "People born in the Year of the Rabbit are the most fortunate. They are smooth talkers, talented and ambitious. Virtuous and reserved, they have exceedingly fine tastes, and other people regard them with admiration and deeply trust them. Rabbit people are always financially lucky. They have - [Suitengu Shrine, Hamacho, Chuo Ward, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/suitengu-shrine-nihonbashi-c-1910/) - "There are no traditions that die harder than those connected with people's health. Many of Tokyo's most important shrines and temples are associated with protection from disease and other hazards to a long and productive life. Suitengu is the shrine in Tokyo where women come to pray for a safe delivery and to give thanks - [Far East Network QSL postcard, c. 1955.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/far-east-network-qsl-postcard-c-1955/) - See also: Gojira (“Godzilla”) origin, 1947. JOAK (NHK) Radio Building, Tokyo, c. 1948. "The Far East Network had its beginning as the colloquially-named 'Jungle Network', based in Hollandia, Netherlands New Guinea, and 'Mosquito Network', based in the Solomon Islands, a loose group of (ironically) non-networked American Forces Radio Service (AFRS) mobile transmitters that would then - ["Bateaux Eidai's Japon", advertising postcard, c. 1965.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/bateaux-eidais-japon-c-1965/) - From the reverse of the postcard (below): "Kayaks, removable boats with motor, motor boats of all types, Cruisers. Hydrofoil motorboats unique in Europe. The Eipet-KB, shown on the back, is a boat built especially for caravanning and other. It is built in very thick plasticized canvas. Wooden frame, completely removable, inflatable, it can be stored - [Tobacco culture, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tobacco-culture-c-1910/) - "There is a drawer at one end of the makura in which you will find tobacco extremely fine cut and of attenuated flavor. You may take ippuku - one puff as the Japanese say - with small danger of nervous prostration. "There may be one or two kiseru, or pipes, in the drawer. If not, - [30th Anniversary of the Naniwa (Osaka) Christ Church, 1907.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/30th-anniversary-of-the-naniwa-osaka-christ-church-1907/) - See also: Hiogo Baptist Church, c. 1910. Friends (Quaker) Ministers in Japan, c. 1920. St. John’s Episcopal Church, Asakusa, Tokyo, c. 1920. "The celebration of the thirtieth anniversary of the Naniwa Church of Osaka has directed the thoughts of the older Christians to its founder and first pastor, the Rev. Paul Sawayama, a unique man - [Suwa Shrine, Nagasaki, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/suwa-shrine-nagasaki-c-1910/) - "The Kunchi Festival in Nagasaki, held at the Suwa Shinto Shrine over a three-day period each autumn 'was first celebrated in 1614 ... [It] was originally a part of the [shogunate] policy to forge a Yamato spirit for Nagasaki, which up to 1614 had been Japan's only Christian town. In other words, the Kunchi festival - [Fishing with cormorants, Gifu, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/fishing-with-cormorants-gifu-c-1930/) - "Cormorant fishing is generally done by a party of fishermen making up a series of boats, with four men to each boat. The chief or leader of each stations himself in the bow, and has under his management at least twelve birds, and sometimes as many as eighteen. "The way he and his feathered helpers - [Gasuden "Kōken-ki" world-record non-stop flight, 1938.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/gasuden-koken-ki-world-record-flight-c-1937-38/) - See also: “Kamikaze”, Tokyo-London World Record Flight, 1937. “Nippon” round-the-world flight, Aug.-Sept.,1939 "The Gasuden Koken, aka Kōken-ki, a 1930s Japanese long-range research aircraft, was designed by the the Tokyo Imperial University Aeronautical Research Institute and built by the Tokyo Gas and Electric Industry (also known as 'Gasuden') for the purpose of setting a closed-circuit, non-stop long-distance - [Hasseiden Temple, Yokohama, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hasseiden-temple-yokohama-c-1940/) - "Not far from [Honmoku Shimin] park was a temple-museum named Hasseiden, or Temple of the Eight Gods or Sages. An ethnological museum established in 1933, it was best known for its display of the statues of eight sages: Nichiren, Shinran, Socrates, Christ, Prince Shotoku, Kobo, Confucious, and Shakyamuni. It was housed in a multicolored pagoda-like - [Inari Shrine, Fushimi, Kyoto, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/inari-fushimi-shrine-c-1910/) - "Inari: Shinto kami [god] of cereals, then of foundries and trade, as well as guardian of houses (yashikigami). Its traditional messenger is was the fox (kitsune), which came to be confused with the kami itself ... A great number of shrines were built in honor Inari, whose cult, created by the immigrant Korean Hata family, - [Girls' Normal School, Ochanozmizu, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/girls-normal-school-c-1910/) - "At Ochanomizu students were expected to behave in a circumspect, maidenly manner and observe the rules of etiquette. In this respect, the school was no different than my home. If we happened to meet the etiquette teacher in the hall, we had to come to a full stop, put our feet together, and bow as - [Hotel New Grand, Yokohama, c. 1940-1950.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/lobby-hotel-new-grand-yokohama-c-1940/) - See also: Grand Hotel, Yokohama, c. 1910 "Picturesque" series, New Grand Hotel, Yokohama Yamashita Park, Yokohama, c. 1960. The Hotel New Grand was opened in 1927 to replace the "old" Grand Hotel destroyed by the 1923 Great Kanto Earthquake. The hotel was located along the waterfront Yokohama Bund, near the passenger-liner dock and served a - [Japanese master swordsman Hibino "Raifu" Masayoshi, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japanese-master-swordsman-hibino-raifu-masayoshi-c-1910/) - Shinto ryu [the Shinto school of kenbu, sword dancing] embodies a broad collection of Japanese cultural art forms, including sword, traditional dance, music and poetry chanting. Born out of the tumultuous Meiji Restoration, it would ultimately boast having more than a dozen dojos and its name would be known across Japan, even by the Emperor. - [Imperial Palace panorama, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-palace-panorama-c-1920/) - See also: Imperial Palace Gates, c. 1905 The Bronze Statue of Masashige Kusunoki, c. 1930 "The centre of the city still proclaims its origins. There sits the Imperial Palace, ubiquitous, directly in the centre, built on the site of Edo Castle. This is what the visitor sees of Old Japan; this is what the resident - [Tokyo Sightseeing Bus Co. advertising postcards, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-sightseeing-bus-co-advertising-postcards-tokyo-c-1930/) - See also: Tokyo Motorbus Co. “Yellow Bus”, c. 1940. The Autobus in Tokyo, c. 1930. Nikko Motor Bus Co. tour of Nikko, c. 1940. Tokyo Sightseeing Bus Co. was founded in 1925 by Watanabe Shigeru, becoming the first regularly-scheduled bus sightseeing operation in Japan. Prior to this, sightseeing by tourists had been carried out using - [Nippon Theater (Nichigeki), Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nippon-theater-nichigeki/) - "The Nippon Gekijo ("Japan Theater"), colloquially known as Nichigeki, opened in 1933. "Although it looked circular in appearance from the street, the theater was actually 'U'-shaped by design. Its Art Deco exterior and interior, comprised of seven stories above and three stories below ground, were designed by Watanabe Hitoshi to accommodate both staged and motion - [Keio University Hospital, Tokyo (Shinanomachi), c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/keio-university-hospital-tokyo-shinanomachi-c-1920/) - "The Keio University School of Medicine was founded in November, 1917, with renowned microbiologist Dr. Shibasaburo Kitasato serving as its first dean, with the purchase of former army land at Shinanomachi, in Yotsuya ward. "In 1918, the original Faculty of Nursing and Medical Care was established. In 1920, Keio University Hospital opened a two-story building - [Meiji Jingu Base-Ball Ground, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/meiji-jingu-baseball-ground-c-1930/) - See also: Meiji Shrine Outer Garden & Memorial Picture Gallery, c. 1925 1964 Summer Olympics Venues, Tokyo Meiji Jingu Outdoor Swimming Pool, Tokyo, c. 1935. "[Babe Ruth] dragged a bulging sack of baseballs from the dugout, and the Americans took their practice swings. Meiji Jingu Stadium was larger than most American ballparks ... the outfield - [Fuji New Grand Hotel, Lake Yamanaka, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/fuji-new-grand-hotel-lake-yamanaka-c-1940/) - See also: Hotel New Grand, Yokohama, c. 1940-1950. Fuji-View Hotel, Hakone, c. 1950. The Fuji New Grand Hotel opened on May 22, 1936, on the shore of Lake Yamanaka. With its opening, international tourism arrived in the Fuji Five Lakes district. The hotel was 3 stories, constructed in a mock Tudor/Swiss chalet style of wood - ["Charcoal dealer", Japan, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/charcoal-dealer-japan-c-1920/) - "Charcoal is one of the chief forest products of the county, and Matsunagi shares in this regional industry on a modest scale . There are currently only four part-time charcoal burners in the buraku (community), but during the war as many as nine producers were active. "Their packed-earth kilns, which are located in the very - [Methodist Church of Japan Cathedral, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/methodist-church-japan-c-1920/) - "The Japan Methodist Church (Nippon Methodist Kyokwai) is one of the most progressive and influential denominations in Japan. It has been the great and good fortune of that church to be under a strong and influential leadership both native and foreign. "Among the bishops and other high officials of that church in Japan were and - [Ginza Methodist Church, Sukiyabashi, c. 1915.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ginza-methodist-church-c-1915/) - "The Methodist Church, under the supervision of Bishop M.C. Harris, is also represented by many modern church buildings in Tokyo, among the most characteristic of which must be included the new building known as the Ginza Church, which is one of the finest ecclesiastical structures in gothic style that we have in Tokyo. "The congregation - [Aji-no-Moto, c. 1950.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/aji-no-moto-c-1950/) - "The first stage of the story begins in 1908 with chemist Ikeda Kikunae’s isolation of the ingredient in sea kelp that gave flavor to konbu dashi, the standard Japanese broth. Trained in Germany, the center of organic chemistry at the time, Ikeda shared with his German colleagues a desire to develop a cheap and mass-manufactured - [Sapporo Brewery and Factory, Sapporo, Hokkaido, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sapporo-brewery-sapporo-hokkaido-c-1910/) - See also: Yebisu Beer, Tokio Brewery No. 1, Meguro, Tokio, c. 1900. Nippon Beer (Sapporo Beer), c. 1950. Okura Kumi (Okura Partners), Ginza, 1921. "The Sapporo Beer Joint Stock Company was the first beer brewery ever established by the Japanese themselves. "In 1876 the Hokkaido Colonial Government concluded after investigation that the soil of the - [Mitsukoshi Department Store advertising postcard, Nihonbashi, Tokyo, c. 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mitsukoshi-department-store-advertising-postcard-c-1905/) - See also: Mitsukoshi Department Store, Nihonbashi, c. 1903-1923. Roof Garden, Mitsukoshi Department Store, Tokyo, c. 1930. "Mitsukoshi had its roots as a dry goods store, or drapery, and even after the store expanded its line of products in 1905 it mainly continued to carry textiles for sewing into Japanese-style dress. However, at the turn of - [I.J.N. "Tosa"-class battleship "Kaga", c. 1922.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tosa-class-battleship-kaga-c-1922/) - See also: IJN aircraft carrier Akagi, c. 1930 Kaga was laid down on 19 July 1920 in the Kawasaki shipyard in Kobe and the completed hull was launched on 17 November 1921. Originally intended to be one of two Tosa-class battleships, Kaga was converted, under the terms of the then-recently concluded Washington Naval Treaty, into - [Tokyo Nautical School, Etchujima, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-nautical-school-shinagawac-1910/) - The Tokyo Nautical School [Shosen Gakko] was first established in 1875 by entrepreneur Iwasaki Yataro as the private Mitsubishi Nautical School. In 1882, it became a government school and was renamed Tokyo Nautical School. The school was originally sited at Reiganjima, just east of Shinagawa on Tokyo Bay, until 1902 when it was relocated to - [Kyoto Hotel, Kyoto, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kyoto-hotel-kyoto-c-1910/) - "This famous hotel, which has been honoured with the patronage of a larger number of distinguished visitors than any other hotel in the Far East, owes its justly earned celebrity to the beauty and convenience of its situation, its modern and thoroughly up-to-date equipment, the excellence of its cuisine and service , and the unremitting - [Toei Kyoto Movie Studios, Kyoto, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/toei-kyoto-movie-studios-kyoto-c-1960/) - From the wiki: "Uzumasa, a neighborhood in Kyoto, was the 'Hollywood' of the Japanese motion picture industry. The first motion picture facility in the area was built nearby in a neglected bamboo forest in 1926 by Bando Tsumasaburo. The original studio was called 'Bantsuma Productions' but was renamed several times until the end of the - [JOBK (NHK) Radio, Osaka, 1926.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/jobk-radio-osaka-1926/) - See also: Tokyo Broadcasting Office, Atago Hill, Tokyo, c. 1930 "Gojira" (Godzilla) origin, 1947 "Radio broadcasting began in Japan in 1925 with the establishment of stations in the three major cities of Tokyo, Osaka and Nagoya. In August of the following year, the present Broadcasting Corporation of Japan [NHK] was organized as a 'corporate juridical - [JOAK (NHK) Radio Studios, Atago Hill, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/joak-nhk-radio-studios-atago-hill-tokyo-c-1930/) - See also: The Tokyo Broadcasting Office (JOAK), Atago Hill, Tokyo, c. 1925. JOBK (NHK) Radio, Osaka, 1926. Atagoyama (Atago Hill), Tokyo, c. 1910-30. "On the evening of August 13, 1925, the Tokyo Broadcasting Station (call sign JOAK) broadcast a radio drama entitled Tanko no naka (In a Coal Mine). Although it wasn’t the first radio - [JOAK (NHK) Radio Building, Tokyo, c. 1948.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/joak-nhk-radio-building-tokyo-c-1940/) - See also: JOBK (NHK) Radio, Osaka, 1926. JOAK (NHK) Radio Studios, Atago Hill, Tokyo, c. 1930. Gojira (“Godzilla”) origin, WVTR Radio, Tokyo, 1947. Far East Network QSL postcard, c. 1955. "Radio broadcasting began in Japan in 1925 with the establishment of stations in the three major cities of Tokyo, Osaka and Nagoya. In August of - [Asahi Shimbun (Newspaper) Building, Sukiyabashi, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/asahi-shimbun-building-c-1930/) - See also: Asahi Shimbun, Sukiyabashi, c. 1940 2nd Air-mail Flying Contest, Osaka-Kurume, 1920 Tokyo Nichi Nichi Shimbun (Newspaper), Yurakucho, c. 1920 Nippon Theater (Nichgeki) "The journalistic world into which Asahi Shimbun ('Morning Sun' Newspaper) was born was not the most auspicious. In 1875, the Japanese Government had passed a stiff libel law and was putting - [Comparisons of Daily Newspaper Circulations, Worldwide, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/comparisons-of-daily-newspaper-circulations-worldwide-c-1930/) - "[T]he First World War marks for the Japanese print media a critical transition from the nineteenth to the twentieth century: from an era of experimentation to one of truly mass circulation. "In 1905, Japanese dailies had a [total] circulation of 1.63 million a day. By 1924, this had grown almost fourfold, to 6.25 million. The - [Torii and toro, "Starlit Night, Miyajima", shin-hanga by Hasui Kawase, 1928.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/torii-and-toro-starlit-night-miyajima-shin-hanga-by-kawase-hasui-1928/) - See also: Miyajima (Mikado) Hotel, Miyajima, c. 1910. The Big Torii from Matsubara Itsukushima, Aki, c. 1910. The term shin-hanga (lit., "new prints") was coined in 1915 by Watanabe Shōzaburō (1885–1962), the most important publisher of shin-hanga. Directed primarily to foreign markets, shin-hanga prints appealed to Western tastes for nostalgic and romanticized views of Japan, - [Imatake-designed Takashimaya advertising postcards, 1947.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imatake-designed-takashimaya-advertising-postcards-1947/) - See also: Takashimaya Department Store, c. 1940. Imatake Shichiro was born in Kobe in 1905. Influenced by Italian painter Massino Campigli and a student of post-Imperessionist Hayashi Shigeyoshi, Imatake would go on to establish himself as a commercial artist and leader of the Japanese Modernist movement in graphic design, quickly became one of the leading - [Patriotic Youth Brigade Farmers propaganda postcard, Manchukuo, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/patriotic-youth-brigade-farmers-propaganda-postcard-manchukuo-c-1940/) - See also: South Manchuria Railway Co., c. 1930-1940. Miscellaneous scenes of Manchukuo, c. 1940. Tsitsihar (Qiqihar), Manchuria, c. 1940. "Over time, however, as the labour crisis deepened and the rural economy in Japan improved it became increasingly difficult for local leaders to meet the assigned quotas. To sustain the movement the Kwantung Army, the Ministry - [Doshisha Girls' School, Kyoto, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/doshisha-girls-school-kyoto-c-1930/) - "[A]fter making great efforts to come up to the government standard , we have at last received the coveted recognition for the [girls'] academy. Not yet are we able to get it for the two departments of the college; the Literary College and the Domestic Science Department are still unrecognized. "You all understand that we - [Japan Air Transport Co. Hinazuru-type Airspeed As.6 Envoy, 1936.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japan-air-transport-co-airspeed-as-6-envoy-1936/) - "The scheduled speed-up of the Tokyo-Dairen line of the Japan Air Transport Co., Ltd., which runs the main airway in Japan, was put into effect at the end of 1935. "In this speed-up, the hitherto used Fokker Super Universal Monoplane (Bristol Jupiter engine) will be replaced by a new and more powerful machine. Already the - [Steak House Akasaka Misono, Akasaka, Tokyo, c. 1970.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/steak-house-akasaka-misono-akasaka-tokyo-c-1970/) - "AKASAKA MISONO, Akasaka "A steel-plate steak house. This is where the genre started. It is located in a tiny alleyway just opposite the entrance to the TBS television building." - Fodor's Guide to Japan and East Asia, 1963 See also: “Seryna” restaurants advertising postcards, Roppongi, c. 1970. Anne Dinken’s Kosher Deli, Roppongi, c. 1970. Mizu - [Seven Lucky Gods of Japan, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/seven-lucky-gods-of-japan-c-1920/) - See also: Enoshima, c. 1910-1960. Hachiman Temple, Kamakura, c. 1910. "The 'Seven Lucky Gods of Japan' deities are a group of deities whose origins stem from Indian, Chinese, and indigenous Japanese gods of fortune. Not all of the gods are mythical beings. One of them is an actual historical person. "Each of the seven gods - [Mikimoto Pearls, Ginza, c. 1950.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mikimoto-pearls-ginza-c-1950/) - "If properly irritated in a scientific manner, oysters produce big lustrous pearls. They are called cultured pearls and in Japan the cultured-pearl business has suddenly come back to lusty life, having found a lush and handy market in the U.S. occupation forces. Strings of cultured pearls selling at $20 to $130 [$265-$1727 in 2019 US - [Oriental Hotel, Kobe, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/oriental-hotel-kobe-c-1910/) - "A house where you can dine ... Do not merely feed you ... If the Pioneer were a medium for puffs, I would write a leading article upon your potato salad, your beefsteaks, your fried fish, and your staff of highly trained Japanese servants in blue tights, who looked like so many small Hamlets without - ["Eating with chopsticks", c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/eating-with-chopsticks-c-1910/) - See also: Rice culture, c. 1910. Public nutrition campaign, c. 1930. Early history of school lunches in Japan. “Salt fields at Mita”, c. 1940. "Looking around for knife, fork, and spoon, you suddenly remember. In Japanese, I am told, the same word [hashi] means both bridge and chopsticks. It is as easy, at first, to - [Shell gathering at low tide, 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/shell-gathering-at-low-tide-1905/) - See also: Drying of Laver at Shinagawa, c. 1910 "[I]n May, when the fall of the spring tide bares long stretches of beach at Shinagawa, a scene of picturesque animation is presented by gaily dressed maidens and youths delving for shell fish in ankle-deep water." - Handbook of Information for Shippers & Passengers, published by - [Aoyama Parade Ground, c. 1908.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/aoyama-parade-ground-c-1905/) - "The usual new year's military review took place at 10 a.m. on Jan. 8th at the Aoyama Parade Ground. The Emperor was present, escorted by Princes Higashi Fushimi and Fushimi the younger; Marquis Tokudaiji, Grand Chamberlain; Viscount Tanaka, Minister for the Imperial Household; General Baron Okazawa, Chief Aide-de-Camp; and other distinguished personages. "The troops which - [Christmas Card, Japan, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/christmas-card-japan-c-1920/) - Christmas in Japan "If we stop to think about it, we have to confess that it is a remarkable fact how widespread in Japan the observance of Christmas is getting to be. A little more than three decades ago Japanese were thrown into prison for merely professing to believe in Christianity ... Now all over - [Tokyo Amateur Dramatic Club, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-amateur-dramatic-club-c-1910/) - "As a child, I often heard my parents talk about Kei Kurosawa's Madrigal Society, as well as the Amateur Dramatic Club, in which their friend Mrs. de Havilland (mother of the film stars Olivia de Havilland and Joan Fontaine) use to shine. I was delighted to see both groups in full post-war swing, and joined - [Horikiri Shobuen (Sweet Flag Iris Garden), c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/horikiri-iris-garden-c-1910/) - The long, long journey have I traveled across the countries, Far away from my old home in the capital of flowers, Where my sweetheart must be longing for my return, Wrapped in the bed clothe embroidered with irises. - from Ise Monogatari ["Tales of Ise"] See also: Autumn Gardener, c. 1920. In the Japanese Gardens, - [Residential tokonoma (alcove), c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/residential-tokonoma/) - "One of the peculiar features of Japanese life that most forcibly strikes the attention of the foreigner on his first visit to this country is the fact that the homes of the people have no carpets nor even floors in the ordinary sense of the term. "In the Japanese house carpet and floor are all - ["Principal services of O.S.K. Line", Osaka Shosen Kaisha, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/principal-services-of-osk-line-osaka-shosen-kaisha-c-1930/) - See also: M.S. “Oto-maru”, Inland Sea routes, O.S.K. Lines, c. 1930. M.S. Nachi Maru, c. 1930. “Honkon (Hongkong) Maru”, T.K.K. Line, 1913. "Two new steamers built in an English shipyard have been added to the European service of the Osaka Shosen Kaisha. "Added to the five freighters already in operation on the European run, these - [Tokyo Arsenal, Koshikawa, Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-arsenal-koshikawa-tokyo-c-1920/) - See also: Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, c. 1910. Korakuen Amusement Park, c. 1960. "Imperial Japanese Army Tokyo Arsenal was an arsenal in the Koishikawa area of Tokyo, on the grounds of today's Tokyo Dome City and the Koishikawa Kōrakuen Garden. "The arsenal was inaugurated in 1871, soon after the Meiji restoration. One of its main early - [Hotel Metropole (former US Legation), Tsukiji, c. 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hotel-metropole-tsukiji-c-1905/) - "Those were the days of course of extra-territoriality and Consular jurisdiction, when the foreigner could reside only in sections specially designated. The quarter of Tokyo given over to foreign residence is known as Tsukiji. The word means 'made ground', the few acres having been made by filling in a part of Tokyo Bay ... It - [Skiers, Japan Alps, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/skiers-japan-alps-c-1940/) - "Time was when a Japanese in ski-kit and armed with other paraphernalia arrested attention on a railway platform. Today, it is quite common to see boys and girls in skiing outfit during the season. Every department store in our large cities has its sports section where skis, ski-kit, skates and things are sold, together with - ["This is the Japanese greatest admiral ...", Admiral Togo, 1906.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/this-is-the-japanese-greatest-admiral-admiral-togo-1906/) - See also: Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905). IJN battleship “Mikasa”, c. 1910. Emperor Meiji at the Grand Fleet Review, 1905. "The modest and retiring life which Admiral Togo has hitherto lived has made it difficult for the biographer to collect many picturesque incidents relating to his early years. But modesty is one of the greatest of virtues, - [Matsuzakaya Department Store, Ueno (c. 1907-1940).](https://www.oldtokyo.com/matsuzakaya-department-store-ueno-1907-1940/) - "Have you the Matsuzakaya habit? "This Wanamaker in the Orient is deservedly popular with most people in Japan, for it has acted up to its slogan, “High in Quality, Low in Price.” Matsuzakaya is one of the oldest stores in Japan, having behind it over 220 years’ experience. "Premises are a substantial re-inforced concrete building, - [Transfer of the national capital to Tokyo, 50th Anniversary, 1919.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/transfer-of-the-national-capital-to-tokyo-50th-anniversary-1919/) - See also: Exposition celebrating the 70th anniversary of the “Meiji Assembly”, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1938. Tokyo City self-government commemoration, 1919. The creation of “Greater Tokyo,” 1932. "The new government’s leaders immediately after the Restoration had had no intention whatsoever of establishing a single and permanent capital at Tokyo. "Inoue Yorikuni, for example, a scholar of - [Ebisu, God of Good Fortune, New Year's postcard, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ebisu-god-of-good-fortune-new-years-postcard-c-1920/) - See also: Seven Lucky Gods of Japan, c. 1920. Yebisu Beer, Tokio Brewery No. 1, Meguro, Tokio, c. 1900. "Ebisu is the god of good luck as well as of fisherman. He is usually depicted with a fish in his left hand and a fishing rod in his right hand, although this last item can - [Akemashite Omedetou (Happy New Year), c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/akemashite-omedetouhappy-new-year-c-1910/) - See also: Ebisu, God of Good Fortune, New Year’s postcard, c. 1920. Hanetsuki (Japanese Badminton), New Year’s cards, 1910 & 1939. Dezome-shiki (“First event”), New Year’s Day, c. 1910 & 1960. "The Japanese return to their homes at New Year's and, if at all possible, in summer for the Festival of the Dead (obon). In - [Hanayashiki, Asakusa Park, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hanayashiki-asakusa-park-c-1920/) - See also: Ryounkaku (Twelve-Storeys Tower), Asakusa Asakusa Rokku (Theater Street) Temple of the Goddess of Mercy (Asakusa Kannon), c. 1910 Korakuen Amusement Park, c. 1960 "In my childhood, the admission at Hanayashiki was five sen for an adult, two or three sen for a child [one sen was 1/100 yen]. In the spacious grounds where - [1964 Summer Olympics Venues, Tokyo.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/1964-summer-olympic-venues/) - From the wiki: "Tokyo was selected in 1936 to host the 1940 Summer Olympics, but had to withdraw its hosting duties upon Japan's second invasion of China in the following year. This led the organizing committee to abandon organizing the 1940 Games altogether in 1938 with them being awarded to Helsinki though the Finnish city - [Just after sunset [at] Tsukudajima, Tokyo, c. 1900.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/just-after-sunset-at-tsukudajima-tokyo-c-1900/) - See also: Uogashi (Fish Market) at Nihonbashi, c. 1910. "One of the attractions of the island for Tokyo residents through the years has been the odor of soy sauce permeating the air on Tsukudajima, for the fisherman developed a culinary delight by simmering fish in seaweed and soy sauce. Preserved in this boiled-down sauce along - [Orchestra & Chorus of the Tokyo Academy of Music, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/orchestra-chorus-of-the-tokyo-academy-of-music-tokyo-c-1910/) - "[The Nippon Ongaku-Kwai, lit. 'Japan University of Music'] gave a very successful concert in the New Music Hall at Uyeno on Saturday last. The audience was large; it included the German, Austrian, and American Ministers. The Army and Naval bands played some excellent music. Mrs Tietze sang three solos with her usual skill. "But perhaps - [Hotel Tokyo, Marunouchi, c. 1950.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hotel-tokyo-lobby-marunouchi-c-1950/) - "The message that Japan was at the mercy of the occupier was reinforced in a thousand ways, subtle and manifest. While the average US soldier did not fit the rapacious image of wartime Japanese propagandists, Occupation personnel lived and frequently behaved like neo-colonial overlords. "SCAP commandeered every large building that had not burned down to - [Manseibashi Station, Tokyo (1912-1936).](https://www.oldtokyo.com/manseibashi-station-1912-1936/) - See also: Shimbashi Station (Shiodome), 1872-1910 Shimbashi Station (Kasumori), c. 1910-1923 Ueno Station, c. 1910 Tokyo Central Station, 1914-1940 Yorozuyobashi (Manseibashi) Bridge, Tokyo, c. 1910 The Funeral of Commander Hirose, Tokyo, 1904. "The region bounded by the Imperial Palace on the W.; the Sumida River on the E.; Shimbashi Station at the S,; and Manseibashi - [Japan Women's University, Meijiro, Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japan-womens-university-meijiro-tokyo-c-1920/) - See also: Hyogo Prefectural Girls’ School, Hyogo (Kobe), 10th Anniversary postcards, 1911. Sendai Private High School for Girls (Sendai Koto Jo Gakko), Sendai, c. 1910. "It may interest the readers of this paper to hear something of the first, and so far the only, women's college in this country as distinct from mission schools. The - [Buchanan family portrait, Christmas/New Year's postcard, c. 1915.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/buchanan-family-portrait-christmas-new-years-postcard-c-1915/) - "Forty-five years in Japan! "That’s the record of Scotland-born William Cumming Buchanan, a retired Presbyterian missionary who recently came to Hopewell to make his home. Dr. Buchanan first sailed for the orient in 1891 when he was 26 years old, a youngster not long out of theological school with a bride of three months. He - [Taxi Dancers, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/taxi-dancers-tokyo-c-1930/) - "Dance halls, where young men could pay to spend time in the arms of a taxi dancer and possibly arrange to meet her after hours, prove equally appalling to moral reformers. "The first halls opened in 1925, and in Tokyo in the same year, the MPD issued an ordinance prohibiting 'underage students' from entering them. - ["Fishing boat", c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/fishing-boat-c-1910/) - See also: “A fishing place in Awaji”, Hyogo Prefecture, c. 1920. Fishing with cormorants, Gifu, c. 1930. Uogashi (Fish Market) at Nihonbashi, c. 1910. "Owing to its geographical position, to the direction of the marine currents in its vicinity and also to the abundance of suitable indentations along the well-wooded coast, Japan is an ideal - [Godaido Temple at Matsushima, Japan, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/godaido-temple-at-matsushima-japan-c-1910/) - See also: View of Matsushima, Inland Sea, c. 1910 "Godaido Temple is on a small pine-covered islet to the left of the landing stage and is accessible by two short bridges. The present structure was reconstructed by Date Masamune. In the temple are installed images of the five guardian Buddhist deities. The islet is often - [Imperial Palace (Meiji Palace) interiors, Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-palace-meiji-palace-tokyo-c-1920/) - See also: Imperial Palace Gates, c. 1905. akasa "The new Palace, inhabited by His Majesty the Mikado since 1889, is not accessible to the public; only those who are honoured with an Imperial Audience being admitted within its walls. "Nevertheless the following description, abridged from the Japan Mail, may be of interest: "Entering through long - [Jidai Matsuri, Kyoto, 1914.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/jidai-matsuri-kyoto-1914/) - "Jidai Matsuri (Festival of the Ages) is a traditional Japanese festival (also called the matsuri) held on October 22 annually in Kyoto, Japan. "The festival traces its roots with the relocation of the Japanese capital from Kyoto to Tokyo in 1868, involving the relocation of the Emperor of Japan and his imperial family, the Imperial - ["Do not forget", Imperial Rescript for the Declaration of War, propaganda postcard, c. 1942.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/do-not-forget-imperial-rescript-for-the-declaration-of-war-propaganda-postcard-c-1942/) - To ensure the stability of East Asia and to contribute to world peace is the far-sighted policy which was formulated by Our Great Illustrious Imperial Grandsire [Emperor Meiji] and Our Great Imperial Sire succeeding Him [Emperor Taishō], and which We lay constantly to heart. To cultivate friendship among nations and to enjoy prosperity in common - [Imperial Hotel (1890-1923).](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-hotel-1890-1922/) - See also: Imperial Hotel (1923-1968) Hotel Seiyoken, Tsukiji, c. 1910 "It is interesting to hear the eulogies now passed by tourists on the Imperial Hotel in Tokyo. "There is unanimous testimony that no better hotel is to be found eastward of Suez, for not only have the food and attendance as well as the warming - [Yokohama Bluff, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yokohama-bluff-c-1910/) - See also: Honmoku, Yokohama, c. 1910 Grand Hotel, Yokohama, c. 1910 Motomachi Street, Yokohama, c. 1910 "The Bluff (Yamate-cho) is a wide and elevated area, 150-ft above the sea at the S side of the Yokohama Settlement, crowned by many pretty dwellings of the foreign residents and crossed and recrossed by many charming flower decked - [Koshikibu no Naishi "Lady in Waiting", c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/koshikibu-no-naishi-lady-in-waiting-c-1930/) - "The scenic Ama-no-hashidate sand bar is located in the northern part of Kyoto Prefecture, on Miyazu Bay, facing the Sea of Japan. It is a 3-kilometer-long and 40- to 100-meter-wide sand spit, stretching into Miyazu Bay from Ejiri on the Tango-hanto Peninsula. "It was formed by sand accumulated by the tides and wind. The over - ["Tea-farming", c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tea-farming-c-1920/) - See also: Tea picking at Uji, c. 1920. Tea time, c. 1910. Green tea culture, c. 1950. "The English word 'tea' is derived from the common sound of the character for the plant at Amoy, where it is tay; at Canton and Peking it is cha; at Shanghai, dzo; and at Fuchau, ta. The Japanese, - [Nikolai Cathedral, Ochanomizu, c. 1920-1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nikolai-cathedral/) - "The year of 1891 was doubtless the most glorious in the history of the Japanese Orthodox church, for in March the Tokyo Cathedral of Resurrection, the Nikolai-do, was completed at last. It took nearly seven years and cost as much as 240,000 yen - a vast sum in those days. "... Because Surugadai Hill, on - [Hiroshima Showa Industrial Exposition, 1929.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hiroshima-industrial-exposition-1929/) - "The first ever exposition in Hiroshima [was held] in 1889, celebrating the incorporation of the city. "... In 1929, the city marked Crown Prince Hirohito's ascent to the throne with the Showa Industrial Exposition. Significantly, although it was marketed as a national event, the president of the exposition happened to be the former lord of - [Marugata (round-shaped) woolen shawl, advertising postcard, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/marugata-round-shaped-woolen-shawl-advertising-postcard-c-1930/) - See also: Sheep grazing in the shadow of Ezo Fuji, Hokkaido, c. 1930. Kimono fashion, c. 1910. "Prior to Japan's expanded contact with the world outside its borders in the mid-1850s, wool was a relative novelty, confined to such uses as the fabric of [feudal] military campaign coats (jimbaori) ... The [Meiji era] military class - [Yorozuyobashi (Bridge), Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yorozuyobashi-bridge-tokyo-c-1910/) - "The most important thoroughfare in Tokyo, which none should fail to see, leads from the Shimbashi terminus to Yorozuyo-bashi and Ueno. The portion of it lying nearest to [Shimbashi] is called the Ginza, and has a number of shops in European style. "Proceeding along it, the traveller crosses the Kyobashi and Nihon-bashi bridges, from the - [Ikebana (flower arrangement), c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ikebana-flower-arrangement-c-1910/) - "The essence of ikebana is simplicity, and in contrast to Western flower arrangement, very few flowers, leaves, and stems are used to achieve the desired effect. Ikebana uses the flowers, the container, and the space around the flower arrangement as part of the artistic expression. "... The essence of the Buddhist art is the Buddhist - [Yasukuni Shrine at Kudan, Tokyo, c. 1910](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yasukuni-shrine-at-kudan-tokyo-c-1910/) - See also: Yusukan (Yushukwan), Kudan, c. 1910 Ex-soldiers Hall, Kudan, c. 1935 Statue of Omura Masujiro at Yasukuni Shrine, Tokyo, c. 1920. "Yasukuni Shrine is a Shinto shrine located in Kanda, Tokyo, near to Kudanzaka. It was erected originally to commemorate the individuals who had died during the Boshin War (1867) leading to the Tokugawa - [Public nutrition campaign, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/public-nutrition-c-1930/) - "Ryo-yu-kai (lit.: Provision’s Friends Association) — the organizer of the exhibition — played until 1945 a critical role in enlarging public awareness concerning nutrition. Established in 1925 at the initiative of a group of officers from the Army Provisions Depot, Ryo-yu-kai was, in the first place, to act for the sake of improvement of military - [Night view of Shibuya Station, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/night-view-of-shibuya-station-c-1960/) - "[H]ow many Tokyoites are aware of the rivers they cross every day? (A quick survey of friends suggests not so many.) The Wakaba shōtengai [shopping street] is but one example and many other shōtengai were also once rivers. Shibuya’s main drag, Center Gai, and Harajuku’s Cat Street are other examples. "The rivers that run under - ["Washington Cottage", Joshi Gakuin, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/washington-cottage-joshi-gakuin-tokyo-c-1910/) - "The Joshi Gakuin opened in 1890 with 130 pupils; the number now in attendance is 180. Of the 180, 87 are day and 93 are boarding pupils ... During the past ten years there have been in attendance 219 day and 210 boarding pupils; in all 429, the majority of whom have continued in the - [Onagadori (Long-tailed chicken), c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/onagadori-long-tailed-chicken-c-1920/) - "With the Onagadori [long-tailed chicken] of Japan, the males are reared in tall, narrow, dark, restrictive boxes called tombaku. In these conditions the level of molting can be extended beyond what would be seen if the bird were on the ground, so that a bird that molts once in eighteen months on the ground may - [Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/womans-foreign-missionary-society-of-the-methodist-episcopal-church-c-1910/) - "In 1869, a group of Methodist Episcopal women had met in old Tremont Church in Boston to organize a foreign missionary society with the avowed purpose of carrying Christian principles and faith to foreign lands. The Woman's Foreign Missionary Society became one of most powerful women's institutions of the late nineteenth century, becoming the largest - [Hokkaido Semi-Centennial Exposition, 1918.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hokkaido-semi-centennial-exposition-1918/) - See also: Sheep grazing in the shadow of Ezo Fuji, Hokkaido, c. 1930. “The Five Stock Exhibition of Hokkaido,” c. 1920. "'American Influence in Japan' is a broad topic, one aspect of which was impressed upon me in a recent trip to the northern island of Hokkaido. "The occasion was the Semi-Centennial Exposition at Sapporo - [Elephants at Ueno Zoo, Tokyo, c. 1950.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/elephants-at-ueno-zoo-tokyo-c-1950/) - See also: Ueno Zoological Garden, Ueno Park "Zoo animals, too, suffered in the war. The fate of the elephants at Ueno is especially well known: they were killed by grieving attendants - so the story goes - to prevent a stampede in the event of bombing ... Indira was presented by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru - [Maruzen Book Store, Nihonbashi, Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/maruzen-book-store-nihonbashi-tokyo-c-1920/) - "It was thanks to the upstairs section of Maruzen that the surging currents of thought of nineteenth [and early twentieth] century continental Europe broke relentlessly through onto the shores of this remote Far Eastern island. "It was a small and gloomy section. The attendant, who had a limp and was very pale, had a ready - [Mikoshi (Portable Shrine), c. 1950.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mokishi-portable-shrine-c-1950/) - "Standing in a pile of lacy shavings and grinning, Tokuji Ai admits it was purely by chance that he became a miyashi. 'My father was a farmer and I was his second son, so I had to take up some sort of craft.' His work consists of handsome lacquered mikoshi (the 'palanquin of the gods'), - [Ferry Boat (Yane-bune), Sumida River, Tokyo, c. 1911](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ferry-boat-sumida-river-tokyo-c-1911/) - See also: Shinohashi, Tokyo, c. 1910-1912. "In her memoir the Sarashima Lady makes reference to a still older literary appearance, in Ise monogatari (Tales of Ise), a series of romantic episodes built around the verse of the legendary poet Ariwara no Narihira. "In this story, a group of courtiers from the capital are reminded of - [Tokyo Baptist Tabernacle, Kanda, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-baptist-tabernacle-c-1910/) - "Built of a native material which makes it resemble the concrete block construction, in Cathedral form it presents an attractive appearance. The building itself will always be a silent witness to the Christ, commanding the attention of every passer-by. "The outside dimensions are 96 feet for the length, with a width of 54 feet at - [Geta (Footwear)](https://www.oldtokyo.com/geta-footwear/) - See also: Changing fashion (Western dress), c. 1910 Changing Fashion (Coiffure), c. 1910 Changing Fashion (Sokuhatsu), c. 1910 Changing fashion (Swimsuit), c. 1920 Wedding fashion, c. 1930 "The clapping of hands has ceased; the toil of the day begins; continually louder and louder the pattering of geta over the bridge. "It is a sound never - ["Imperial Princesses Making Bandages", Russo-Japanese War, c. 1904.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-princesses-making-bandages-russo-japanese-war-c-1904/) - "Many of the Princesses are in the Ladies' Nursing Associatiion, a self-supporting auxiliary of the Red Cross Society, founded in Japan by the late Imperial Princess Komatsu. "... The duties of these society women have taken upon themselves are by no means light. "The work to be done has all been mapped out in a - [Japan Red Cross Society commemorative postcard, c. 1937.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japan-red-cross-society-commemorative-postcard-c-1937/) - See also: HIH Princess Kan'in, President of the Volunteer Nurses Association, ca. 1910 "In the month of February 1877, there suddenly broke out in Kagoshima, the capital of the Province of Satsuma, an insurrection at the head of which was Saigo Takamori. The insurgents opposed a most vigorous resistance to the Imperial troops sent against - [Lotus Flower at Shinobazu Pond, Ueno, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/lotus-flower-at-shinobazu-pond-ueno-c-1910/) - See also: Shinobazu Pond, Ueno Park, c. 1910 Ueno Park, c. 1910 Peace Commemorative Exposition, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1922. "[A] shallow sheet of water at the left of the main entrance to [Ueno] park contains an island with a pretty shrine dedicated to the Goddess Benten and a handsome granite bridge referred to by sentimental - [Atami Hot Springs, Atami, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/atami-hot-springs-atami-c-1910/) - See also: Atami Hotel, Atami, c. 1940-1960 "Atami nestles cosily in a little V-shaped valley which reaches back into the hills from the sea and Sagami Bay, on the E. edge of the Izu Peninsula, in Izu Province. It is embowered in orange groves, camphor trees, and many flowers, which like the warm exposure and - ["Tokyo Matsuri" advertising postcard, 1933.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-matsuri-advertising-postcard-1933/) - "Despite the unevenness of [its earliest sound films, beginning with Hometown (Fujiwara yoshie no furusato) in 1929], Nikkatsu finally saw the light and began to take sound seriously. "After making its first talkie of genuine value - Tomotaka Tasaka's Spring and a Girl (Haru to musume), with a script by Murata and Kajiro Yamamoto - - [Singer Sewing Machine Co. advertising postcard, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/singer-sewing-machine-co-advertising-postcard-c-1920/) - See also: Kodak Verichrome Film & “Vest Pocket” Camera, Japan, c. 1932. Maiko with “Nipponophone”, c. 1910. "When the Singer Sewing Machine Company entered the Japanese market in earnest in 1900, it brought a half-century of experience as 'the world's most successful multinational company.' "Founded in 1851 by Isaac Merritt Singer, the company focused on - [M.S. "Oto-maru", Inland Sea routes, O.S.K. Lines, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/m-s-oto-maru-inland-sea-routes-o-s-k-lines-c-1930/) - See also: “Principal services of OSK Line”, Osaka Shosen Kaisha, c. 1930. "The most beautiful scenic view in Japan is the Inland Sea, which is sometimes called the ‘Mediterranean of Japan’. Extending 240 miles from Kobe on the east to Shimonoseki on the west, its widest part is only 40 miles, while the narrowest place - [Mitsui Bank, Nihonbashi, c. 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mitsui-bank-nihonbashi-c-1905/) - See also: Nippon Ginko (Bank of Japan) & Mitsui Bank, Nihonbashi, c. 1910. Yokohama Specie Bank, Yokohama, c. 1920. "The 1876 revisions of the National Bank Decree allowed would-be bankers to use the title 'bank', but it was only Mitsui who would immediately take this opportunity to establish themselves as a western-style modern bank. (Mitsui - [Meiji University, Kanda-Kogamachi, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/meiji-college-kanda-kogamachi-tokyo-c-1920-30/) - "Meiji University was founded in January 1881 as the Meiji Law School by Kinmochi Saionji and a principal group of young lawyers, Tatsuo Kishimoto, Kozo Miyagi, and Misao Yashiro, during the era characterized by Japan's urgent need to develop as a modern independent nation. Meiji Law School was founded with the fervent hope to 'foster - [Mikasa Hotel, Karuizawa, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mikasa-hotel-karuizawa-c-1920/) - See also: View of Kose Station, Karuizawa, c. 1920 Playground in Karuizawa, c. 1930 "Perfect Accommodation - Excellent Cuisine - Charges Moderate "[The Mikasa Hotel] is finely situated at Karuizawa 3,278 feet above sea level. It commands wonderful panoramic views of the surrounding hills and the famous volcano Asnma, and is only 20 minutes ride - [NYK Line (Nippon Yusen K.K.).](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nyk-line-nippon-yusen-k-k/) - See also: M.S. Shanghai Maru, NYK Lines, c. 1930. M.S. Asama Maru, NYK Lines, c. 1930. Yusen (Nippon Yusen Kaisha) Building, Marunouchi, c. 1930. "To visit Japan on an NYK liner is the delightful and logical way to go. Once across the gangplank you feel you are already in Japan. On ships of the NYK - [S.S. Shanghai Maru, NYK Lines, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/s-s-shanghai-maru-nyk-lines-c-1930/) - "The Shanghai Line was greatly strengthened by the commissioning of the Nagasaki Maru in February, 1923, and the Shanghai Maru in March, 1923, both of which had been expressly for this service by Messrs. William Denny's Shipbuilding Yard, Dumbarton, Scotland. "In spite of their great cost, these vessels were built in order to inaugurate a - ["Year of the Rat", New Year's postcard, 1936.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/year-of-the-rat-new-years-postcard-1936/) - See also: “Year of the Dog”, New Year’s Card, 1910. Year of the Rooster, New Year's card, 1921. "Once upon a time, on a day near the end of the year, God told all the animals: 'You must come to see me for New Year’s greeting on the morning of the New Year. I will - [Custom House, Yokohama, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/custom-house-yokohama-c-1910/) - "A strict examination of the luggage of passengers is made at the Custom House, but it is rare for any difficulty to arise as opium is the only article prohibited in the tariff. All dutiable articles, however, should be entered on the ship's manifest as otherwise the owner renders himself liable to a fine." - - [Motomachi Street, Yokohama, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/motomachi-street-yokohama-c-1910/) - "Motomachi was originally a quiet farming and fishing village until 1859, when the Port of Yokohama was opened. "Soon after the start of the Meiji era [in 1868], the number of foreign residents increased. And Western influence became more evident in Motomachi, with the opening of many cafés, bakeries, and boutiques. Such shops were uncommon - [Nara Park, Nara, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nara-park-nara-c-1910/) - "Nara Park, a magnificent stretch of woodland comprising some 1250 acres, on a gentle hill-slope [in Nara], crossed and re-crossed by noble avenues overhung with lofty evergreens and deciduous trees of many varieties (cryptomerias, pines, oaks, plums, Salisburias, etc.), is perhaps the finest cultivated park in the Empire. "These superb trees (60 or more of - [Marunouchi District, c. 1900-1950.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/marunouchi-district/) - See also: "London Town", Marunouchi, c. 1920 "Marunouchi was a terribly dismal place, with a lonely, bleak, desolate air to it, and the Imperial Palace seemed shut away in the clouds. What a change nowadays! "Now there are tramcars running busily all around the moat, cars speeding about, and occasionaly you even see aeroplanes flying - [Yusen (Nippon Yusen Kaisha) Building, Marunouchi, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yusen-nippon-yusen-kaisha-building-marunouchi-c-1940/) - See also: NYK Line, c. 1930-1960 "The Nippon Yusen Kaisha building will cover an area of 296 by 166 feet and will be of the same height and the same type of construction as that of the Japan Oil Company. It will be completed on or about November 1, 1922. The base course of the - [Postal service commemorative postcards, c. 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/postal-service-commemorative-postcards-c-1905/) - See also: Japan Postal Service 50th Anniversary Commemorative Postcard, 1921 2nd Air Mail Flying Contest, Osaka-Kurume, 1920 "The first regular postal system in Japan was established during the Tokugawa Shogunate (Edo era), when two-sworded men wearing a special uniform carried official correspondence between Kyoto and Yedo. In 1663 the business men of those cities and - [Hotel Teito, Tokyo.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hotel-teito/) - See also: Palace Hotel "I Love Lucy (Nov. 27, 1959) "The gang is headed to Japan for Ricky's two-week tour of Tokyo, and stay at the Hotel Teito. Lucy's one wish is for a string of real pearls, and when she meets actor Bob Cummings she convinces him to help her acquire some. She steals - [Daibutsu at Kamakura, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/daibutsu-at-kamakura-c-1910/) - See also: Daibutsu at Ueno Park, Tokyo, c. 1910. Daibutsu, Nara, c. 1920. To him the Way, the Law, Apart, Whom Maya held beneath her heart, Ananda's Lord the Bodhisat, The Buddha of Kamakura. ... But when the morning prayer is prayed, Think, ere ye pass to strife and trade, Is God in human image - [Benkeibashi (Akasaka Mitsuke), c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/benkeibashi-akasaka-mitsuke-tokyo-c-1910/) - "There used to be parsley and shepherds-purse growing in spring on the banks of the Tamaike reservoir, and families used to got there to pick them. "The flowers alongside the outer moat here were indeed so splendid that they would now be thought of as one of the sights of Tokyo. The green of the - [Garden of Yasukunijinsha, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/garden-of-yasukunijinsha-tokyo-c-1910/) - See also: Yasukuni Shrine at Kudan, Tokyo, c. 1910 "This Japanese style strolling garden, the Shinchi Teien [sacred pond garden], was created in the early Meiji Era on the grounds of Yasukuni Shrine behind the main shrine building. Its current centerpiece is a small waterfall located in a serene pond, refurbished in 1999." - Wikipedia - [Dai-ichi Sogo Building, Kyobashi, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/dai-ichi-sogo-building-kyobashi-c-1920/) - See also: Dai-ichi Seimei Sogo Building (1949) Dai-ichi Seimei Hoken Sogo-gaisha [First Mutual Life Insurance Co.] (often shortened to Daiichi Sogo) was founded in 1902, making it the oldest mutual insurance company in Japan. The firm relocated twice before beginning construction of a modern 7-story building at Kyobashi in 1915. Designed by Tatsuno Kingo (who - [Tofukuji Bridge, Kyoto, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tofukuji-bridge-kyoto-c-1910/) - "Tofukuji [東福寺, trans. 'east fortune temple'], one of the chief monasteries of the Zen sect, was founded by Shoichi Kokushi in the 13th century. It is noted for the maple trees lining both sides of a gully which is spanned by a bridge or gallery called Tsu-ten-kyo, that is 'the bridge communicating with heaven.' This - [Iwaya-Furo, Kawaji Spa, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/iwaya-furo-kawaji-spa-c-1920/) - See also: Nikko, Japan, c. 1910 Onsen culture The Natural Sand Baths and Onsen, Beppu, c. 1910-1930 "Kawaji Onsen Hot Spring is a famous onsen [hot spring] district at Nikko near the merging of the Kinugawa and Ojikagawa rivers, with waters said to be especially healing for wounds, injuries and burns. The hot spring was - [Tsitsihar (Qiqihar), Manchukuo, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tsitsihar-qiqihar-manchuria-c-1940/) - "Tsitsihar, the former capital of Heilung-chiang Province and former military citadel of North Manchuria, is really off the beaten-track of the tourist and sight-seer, because it lies 25 kilometers away from the North Manchuria Railway main line and because until recently only a narrow-gauge indifferent railway was available to the city. "Things have now changed, - [Ambassador Hotel, Tokyo, c. 1950.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ambassador-hotel-tokyo-c-1950/) - "My first visit to Tokyo was a tourist one. I arrived at Haneda Airport on 11 July 1956 and was the only passenger on the BOAC bus, which took me to the Ambassador Hotel, near Iidabashi Station. The Ambassador was excellent. A single room cost 2000 yen, which in those days was £2; but, unlike - [Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden, Shinjuku, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/shinjuku-gyoen-national-garden-shinjuku-c-1960/) - "The site of Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden was once part of the Edo estate of daimyo Kiyonari Naito who, as a vassal, was given the eight states around Kanto region by Hideyoshi Toyotomi in 1590. The grounds once stretched east to Yotsuya, to Yoyogi in the west, to Sendagaya in the south, and north to - ["Live Stock Exposition", Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1919.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/live-stock-exposition-ueno-park-tokyo-1919/) - See also: Sheep grazing in the shadow of Ezo Fuji, Hokkaido, c. 1930. “The Five Stock Exhibition of Hokkaido,” c. 1920. Stock Exposition Now in Progress "The Live Stock Exposition at Ueno, the first venture of the kind in Japan, is now having a very successful time, drawing big crowds of visitors who have been - [Olympic Village née "Washington Heights" US Military Housing Complex, Tokyo, 1964.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/olympic-village-nee-washington-heights-us-military-housing-complex-tokyo-1964/) - "They still come back. Some peek through the fence - others just walk around and look. "This is the way a Japanese official at the Tokyo Olympic Village - the former Washington Heights U.S. housing area - describes the frequent visits of American families who gave up their homes in the 'little American village' to - [Hoteiya department store, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 1929.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hoteiya-department-store-shinjuku-tokyo-1929/) - See also: Yodobashi (Shinjuku), Tokyo, c. 1910. Japanese Department Stores, c. 1930. The bustling main street of Shinjuku, Tokyo, c. 1930. Isetan Department Store, Shinjuku, c. 1935. "Shinjuku [in the 1920s] was not only the gateway for new suburban commuters, but also a growing market for their shopping needs. "Along the main street were four - [Mitsubishi Shipyard, Nagasaki, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mitsubishi-shipyard-nagasaki-c-1910/) - See also: Shinyo Maru, T.K.K. Line, c. 1930 "Across the harbor from Nagasaki are the Akuno-ura Engine Works, and the Mitsubishi Dockyards, the latter one of the largest of its kind in Nippon. It was established in 1856 by the Tokugawa shogunate, under the tutelage of Dutch engineers, but was transferred to the Mitsubishi Co. - [Futagawa, Mikawa, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/futagawa-mikawa-c-1910/) - "The wait was tense. The Arai barrier marked the boundary of the province of Mikawa. Lord Kira's closest allies were in Mikawa. Once Cat and Kasane reached the head of the line, however, they found that the harried officials weren't checking commoner's papers very thoroughly. "By the time they reached Futagawa the sun had almost - [Changing fashion (Swimsuit), c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/changing-fashion-swimsuit-c-1920/) - "As with interwar flappers in Europe and America, a new philosophy was emerging [in Japan] in which physical activity became a space of a fashion-spectacle and its product of a healthy body was considered prepossessing and feminine. The new body consciousness of the moga [modern girl] was manifested in the popularity of ocean bathing and - [Teishin-sho (Ministry of Communications), Tsukiji, c. 1900.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/teishin-sho-ministry-of-communications-tsukiji-c-1900/) - See also: Tsukiji (Foreign Settlement), c. 1900 Seiyoken Hotel, Tsukiji, c. 1910 Rikkyo Daigaku (St. Paul's University) St. Luke's International Hospital, c. 1945-1950 Ministry of Communications, c. 1910. "Full-fledged construction in such foreign materials as brick was of course impossible for the early Japanese architects, and they compromised by exploiting materials easily obtainable in Japan. - [Odawara City Ocean Water Pool, Miyukinohama (Miyuki Beach), Odawara, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/odawara-city-ocean-water-pool-miyukinohama-miyuki-beach-odawara-c-1960/) - By the turn of the 20th century, the Odawara area had become a famous holiday destination area known for its mild climate and scenic seashore beauty. But the offshore waters were not safe for swimming. There is a steep, sudden drop-off into deep water close to the sands at Miyukihama. So, in July 1931 Odawara - [The Maple Club, Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-maple-club-tokyo-c-1920/) - "The Maple Club (Koyo-kwan), on Maple Hill (Koyo-zan) in Shiba, a sort of international club and restaurant combined, is celebrated for its cuisine (lobster dinners a specialty), its geisha dances (the 'Maple Dance' can be arranged for through a member; cost , ¥10 to ¥35, according to the extras), diplomatic banquets, etc. It is well - [Yotsuya-mitsuke, Tokyo, c. 1915.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yotsuya-mitsuke-tokyo-c-1915/) - See also: Chuo Rapid Line (neé Kobu Line), Tokyo, c. 1910. Kanda River. Sophia University, Yotsuya, Tokyo, c. 1930. "To ensure the unassailability of its stronghold, the bakufu [Tokugawa shogunate] skillfully utilized the Sumida and Kanda rivers to serve as large-scale moats. Tremendous construction projects were carried out ... A particularly deep trench was dug - [Dai-ichi Hotel, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/dai-ichi-hotel-c-1950/) - The Dai-ichi Hotel was built in the Shimbashi District in 1938 to house foreign athletes in anticipation of the 1940 Summer Olympics (subsequently canceled because of the European war). During the Pacific War the Dai-ichi quartered interned expatriates and prisoners-of-war who had been coerced to produce propaganda for 'Zero Hour' and other broadcasts emanating from - ["Club Washing Powder" advertising postcards, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/club-soap-advertising-postcards-c-1910/) - See also: “Calpis” beverage advertisement, c. 1919. Singer Sewing Machine Co. advertising postcard, c. 1920. Kodak Verichrome Film & “Vest Pocket” Camera, Japan, c. 1932. "As Japanese-manufactured soap and cosmetics entered Hawai’i’s Japanese American consumer market, the advertisements for those products not only spread the homeland perception of skin color, but also a sense of - [Peacock Alley, Imperial Hotel, c. 1950.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/peacock-alley-imperial-hotel-c-1950/) - "In the ‘Peacock Alley’ of the Imperial it was of keen interest to Mrs. Huckins and Gloria to linger a bit after dinner, as a wedding ceremony and banquet in the hotel was an almost nightly occurrence, and the parade of beautiful kimonos a delight to see. "I might say, also, they have mentioned to - ["The tomb dedicated to hero, Yoritomo, rested under the old tower of the fine elements," Kamakura, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-tomb-dedicated-to-hero-yoritomo-rested-under-the-old-tower-of-the-fine-elements-kamakura-c-1930/) - "His simple tomb stands at the top of a knoll on the slope of hills a few hundred yards distant from the great temple at Kamakura, overlooking the fields on which a mighty city once rose, when called into being by his genius and energy, which flourished for centuries, and disappeared, to allow luxuriant - ["Exercises of the Tokyo Girls Higher Normal School", Tokyo, 1904](https://www.oldtokyo.com/exercises-of-the-tokyo-girls-higher-normal-school-1904/) - See also: Girls Normal School, Ochanomizu, c. 1910 Undokai (Sports Day), 1930 "In 1882, the Government opened the Koto Jo Gakko (Girls High School) as a part of Tokyo Girls Normal School established 1874, with the object of giving girls a higher common education mainly based on the principles of humanity and morals and of - [Shintomi-za Theatre, Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/shintomi-za-theatre-tokyo-c-1920/) - See also: Kabuki Theatre, Tokyo, 1911-1950 "The great theatre of Tokio is the Shintomiza, a long, gabled building, ornamented above the row of entrance doors by pictures of scenes from the play. The street is lined with tea-houses, or restaurants, for a play is not a hap-hazard two-hour after-dinner incident. A man goes for the - [Lake Hakone (Ashi-no-ko), c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/lake-hakone-c-1920/) - See also: Hakone Hotel, c. 1910-1950 Mount Fuji reflected upon Lake Ashi, c. 1920 Matsuzaka Hotel, Ashinoyu, c. 1910 "Hakone Lake (2378 ft.) known also as Ashi-ko, a clear sheet of water 3 1/2 M. long, 1/2 M. wide, and about 150ft. deep, is circled by half-bare volcanic mts. of which the tallest is Komo-ga-take - [Onnanoko carrying child, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/onnanoko-carrying-child-c-1910/) - "All the men and women were at work, and all the children carrying babies. In this street, as in all other thoroughfares, the number of children is astounding. Salt Lake City is childless as compared any Japanese quarter whether in town or country. "The stranger is startled by the first impression all the girls are - [Miyagino, Hakone, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/miyagino-hakone-c-1910/) - See also: Lake Hakone (Ashi-ko), c. 1920 Miyanoshita Village, Hakone, c. 1910 Mt. Fuji and Lake Hakone Railway Access and Bus Routes, c. 1930. "The road, which branches left, goes to Hakone Lake. That at the right soon crosses a rushing streamlet, and at a point where Miyanoshita is seen far below, enters a pine - [Ryounkaku (Twelve-Storeys Tower), Asakusa](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ryounkaku-twelve-storeys-tower-asakusa/) - "[In the first month after its opening] Fifty-three thousand nine-hundred and thirty-nine visitors, including adults and children, were registered visitors at the Ryounkaku from the 12th of last month to the 4th [of December]." - Japan Daily Mail, December 13, 1890 "The Twelve Stories was a popular sight in the urban landscape of modern Tokyo - ["Anytime!!" Preparations for invasion, propaganda postcard, 1945.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/anytime-preparations-for-invasion-propaganda-postcard-1945/) - "Should the enemy invade our mainland, 100 million of us, as the Special Attacking Forces, must exterminate them to protect our native soil and maintain our everlasting empire. "... The safety pin must be removed Molotov cocktails, which should be hurled so that the side of the bottle impacts against vehicles. In aiming against descending - [Kodak Verichrome Film & "Vest Pocket" Camera, Japan, c. 1932.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kodak-verichrome-film-vest-pocket-camera-japan-c-1932/) - See also: Singer Sewing Machine Co. advertising postcard, c. 1920. Maiko with “Nipponophone”, c. 1910. "During the 1920's, Kodak began to market consumer cameras such as the basic VP Model B targeting women. The Vest Pocket Model B came with imitation leather covering, and a simple shutter and lens. From this foundation, Kodak branched out - [Teikoku Hakuhinkan (Imperial Esteemed Goods Hall), Shimbashi, c. 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/teikoku-hakuhinkan-imperial-esteemed-goods-hall-shimbashi-c-1905/) - See also: Shimbashi District, 1900-1950 Shimbashi Station (Shiodome), 1872-1909 "The name of Hakuhinkan has been popular on Ginza from the Meiji period to the present day, beginning with 'Teikoku Hakuhinkan Kankoba'. In 1899, Hakuhinkan was opened at Ginza 8-chome as the seventh kankoba ['emporium, bazaar'], a former style of department store, in the district. "While - [Tagami Tea-house, Mogi Road, Nagasaki, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tagami-tea-house-mogi-road-nagasaki-c-1910/) - "Of the two fair attendants at the tea-house at Moggi [sic], one could speak English fluently, whilst the other was equally at home in the Russian language, and they could entertain and attend to the wants of their principal customers, who, they told us, were generally English or Americans and Russians." - A Jaunt in - [Mogi Hotel, Nagasaki, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mogi-hotel-nagasaki-c-1910/) - "A steam launch conveyed us to Nagasaki and, once there, we took a jinrikisha for a memorable mountain ride of five miles along a road called the Mogi. We ascended gradually from the sea level and soon the loveliest view was spread before us. "On our right, looking downward, were the sea and the city - [Yokohama Port centennial parade, 1958.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yokohama-port-centennial-parade-1958/) - See also: Commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of the Opening of Yokohama Port, 1909. Yokohama Specie Bank, Yokohama, c. 1920 U.S. Consulate, Yokohama, 1933 Marine Tower, Yokohama, c. 1965 "In Japan, ninety-eight and a half years can be near enough to a centenary, or many seem to think it can, and apparently the Governor of - [Commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of the Opening of Yokohama Port, 1909.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/commemoration-of-the-50th-anniversary-of-the-opening-of-yokohama-port-1909/) - See also: "Jack’s Tower", Yokohama Port Opening Memorial Hall, c. 1920. Yokohama Bluff, c. 1910. Grand Hotel, Yokohama, c. 1910. Sakuragicho (Yokohama) Station, c. 1910. Yokohama Port centennial parade, 1958. "The first official function — the laying of the foundation stone of the Jubilee Memorial Hall — took place shortly after 10 a.m., on July - [Secretary of War Howard Taft & First Daughter Alice Roosevelt in Japan, 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/secretary-of-war-howard-taft-first-daughter-alice-roosevelt-in-japan-1905/) - See also: Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905). Japan-US Relations, c. 1908. “General Grant” tree, Nagasaki, c. 1910. "When [Secretary of War Howard Taft and Alice Roosevelt] sailed from San Francisco aboard the S.S. Manchuria that July 8 [1905], her father Theodore was trying to bring Russian and Japanese diplomats together to negotiate an end to a costly - [Shiba Park Hotel, Tokyo, c. 1950.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/shiba-park-hotel/) - See also: Dai-ichi Hotel, c. 1950. Ambassador Hotel, Tokyo, c. 1950. Hilltop Hotel, Kanda, Tokyo, c. 1960. "The forerunner of the Shiba Park Hotel was the women's dormitory of the adjoining Kyoritsu Pharmaceutical University (presently, Kyoritsu Campus of the Keiyo Gijuku University Pharmacology Department). After the war, it became an officers' lodge assimilated in GHQ - [Metropolitan Police Board, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/metropolitan-police-board-c-1910/) - See also: Koban (police box) system in Japan, c. 1910. "Searching for a Western police force to copy, the Japanese picked the French model, a logical choice: it was famous, it was highly centralized, it performed a wide range of administrative functions (including preventive policing and political surveillance). "Kawaji Toshiyoshi, a member of the inspection - [Hyogo Prefectural Girls' School, Hyogo (Kobe), 10th Anniversary postcards, 1911.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hyogo-prefectural-girls-school-hyogo-kobe-10th-anniversary-postcards-1911/) - "Due to the negligence of the government on women's secondary education, the first government high school for women in Hyogo prefecture, where the city of Kobe is located, was not founded until 1901." - American Women Missionaries at Kobe College, 1873-1909, by Noriko Kawamura Ishii, 2004 See also: Girls Normal School, Ochanozmizu, c. 1910. Sendai - [Aerial daredevil Art Smith barnstorming Japan, 1916-1917.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/aerial-daredevil-art-smith-barnstorming-japan-1917/) - See also: Juichi Sakamoto, Pioneer Aviator, c. 1914 Aviatrix Katherine Stinson in Japan, 1916 "No longer is Art Smith an insignificant Hoosier boy, a simple citizen of the United States, for he has so to speak become an international figure. "Ever since he landed at Yokohama he was busy exhibiting his wonderful skill in the - [S.S. Murasaki Maru, Beppu, 1929.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/s-s-murasaki-maru-beppu-1929/) - "The Murasaki Maru was a very modern 3000-ton ship, with all the luxuries of an ocean liner. Crowds waved her goodbye as if the ship was setting off across the Atlantic instead of doing a day trip down the equivalent of a long lake ... The ship throbbed grandly through the endless horned islands. Tiger - [Early history of school lunches in Japan.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/early-history-of-school-lunches-in-japan/) - See also: Rice culture, c. 1910. “Eating with chopsticks”, c. 1910. "Sources cite the first 'school provided meal' [gakko kyūshoku] to have begun in Tsuruoka City, Yamagata Prefecture, in 1889. The notion of meals at school directly correlates with the cultural and political changes sweeping Japan at the end of the 19th century. The advent - [Aso Kanko Hotel, Kumamoto, Kyushu, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/aso-kanko-hotel-c-1960/) - "The Aso Kanko Hotel (Aso Sightseeing Hotel) has been an urbex legend for many, many years. Japanese bloggers were excited about its size, its beauty, its famous former guests – and after the abandonment: its security and its function as a movie set. "The Aso Kanko Hotel was opened in July of 1939, in Kumamoto, - [Yokohama Foreign Cemetery, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yokohama-foreign-cemetery-c-1940/) - "In the earliest days of foreign residence in Yokohama, the Japanese Government treated us in a right royal and liberal manner. As since at Hiogo, and Osaka, and the sister settlements, the native Government granted to the subjects of all treaty powers a portion of ground to be used exclusively as a Cemetery. This ground - [Daigo Sambo-in, Kyoto, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/daigo-sambo-in-kyoto-c-1910/) - "Sanbō-in was established in the Azuchi-Momoyama period (1582–1615). It was a sub-temple of Daigo-ji, which is a Heian period temple founded in 902. The temple complex had fallen into disrepair during the Sengoku period. "A majority of the present buildings and the garden of Sanbō-in date from the late 16th century. The garden is designed - [Fujiya Sengoku Golf Course, Hakone, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/fujiya-sengoku-golf-course-hakone-c-1960/) - See also: Golfing in Japan (A short history) Fujiya Hotel, Miyanoshita "Hakone made a perfect natural canvas for golf course architects and designers to practice their craft, and practice they did! "... The first course built in the valley was the Fujiya Hotel Sengoku Golf Club constructed in 1917, making it the third oldest course - [Shimbashi Station (Shiodome), 1872-1909.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/shimbashi-station-shiodome-1872-1909/) - See also: Shimbashi Station (Kasumori), c. 1910-1923 Shimbashi District 50th Anniversary Commemoration, Imperial Government Railways, 1922 "The original Shimbashi Station, northern terminus of the railway from Yokohama and later from Kobe, is said by experts of Meiji architecture to be something of a mystery, though it was endlessly photographed and made into woodblock prints. "The - ["A Bamboo Horse", boys on bamboo stilts [takeuma], c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/a-bamboo-horse-boys-on-bamboo-stilts-takeuma-c-1910/) - See also: Uta-garuta (“Poem cards” game), c. 1930. The Game of “Go”, c. 1910. Hanetsuki (Japanese Badminton), New Year’s cards, 1910 & 1939. "It is unclear just how or when stilts first came to Japan. But, written mentions of stilts can be traced back to the classical Heian Period (794-1185 CE) and the medieval Muromachi - [Sheep grazing in the shadow of Ezo Fuji, Hokkaido, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sheep-grazing-in-the-shadow-of-ezo-fuji-hokkaido-c-1930/) - "When I was in Hokkaido sheep were being experimented with at different places on the mainland, sheep buyers had gone off to Australia, New Zealand and South America, and a Tokyo Sheep Bureau of two dozen officials had been established. "Great hopes were built on a few hundred sheep in Hokkaido. But I noticed that - [Kabuki theater & actors, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kabuki-actors-c-1910/) - See also: How Faubion Bowers saved Kabuki, c. 1950 Kabuki Theatre, Tokyo, 1911-1951. "The Japanese theater is the only place left in which one can study the ways of Old Japan. Though it retains many of the ancient and grotesque traditions of its early days, it is accurate in presenting customs that else long since - [Machine Shop, Tokyo Industrial Art School, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/machine-shop-tokyo-industrial-art-school-tokyo-c-1910/) - "In 1876 the Meiji government, continuing its policy of encouragement of Western-style art, opened the Industrial Art School (Kobu Bijutsu Gakko) and invited several Italian artists to provide training in painting, sculpture, and general methods of art. The most important of these was Antonio Fontanesi who, during his stay of approximately two years in Japan, - [Modern Lighthouse, Niigata, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/lighthouse-c-1930/) - See also: “A View of a Lighthouse from the Bentenbashi Riverbank”, Yokohama, c. 1910. Kudanzaka (Kudan Slope), Tokyo, c. 1910 "The regular records of lighthouses built before Japan was opened for foreign commerce were kept about two-hundred ninety-seven years previous to this [1898]. These lighthouses were mostly on pier heads or at the entrances of - [Kundanzaka (Kudan Slope), Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kundanzaka-kudan-slope-tokyo-c-1910/) - See also: Yasukuni Shrine at Kudan, c. 1910 Kaikosha of Kudansakaue, Tokyo, c. 1910. “A View of a Lighthouse from the Bentenbashi Riverbank”, Yokohama, c. 1910. "Kudan Hill, with its famous shrine and museum, stands at the northwest corner of the Palace grounds, in Kojimachi-ku, and is one of the most interesting as well as - [Conquest of Singapore commemorative postcard, 1942.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/conquest-of-singapore-commemorative-postcard-1942/) - "The city [Singapore] was buzzing with the wildest rumours - that the Japanese had been pushed back into the sea, that their advance troops had reached the Botanical Gardens, only three miles up the road, that Japanese parachutists had tried to seize the Singapore broadcasting station in Thompson Road, that American troops had landed at - [Naraya Hotel (Ryokan), Hakone, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/naraya-hotel-ryokan-hakone-c-1910/) - See also: Fujiya Hotel, Miyanoshita Miyanoshita Village, Hakone, c. 1910 "The Nara-ya was first built about the time of the fifth Tokugawa shogun, Tsunayoshi (1646-1709). It started life as a honjin - an inn designated for the daimyo nobility traveling on the Old Tokaido Highway. In 1873, the Meiji emperor (1852-1912) stayed there while his - [Akasaka Prince Hotel, Tokyo, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/akasaka-prince-hotel-c-1960/) - "The original hotel (now formally referred to as 'The Classic House at Akasaka Prince'), the second 'Prince' hotel in Tokyo, opened in 1955. It was located in the former Kitashirakawa Palace, the former estate of Prince Yi Un, the last crown prince of Korea*. The property would later become surrounded by high-rise buildings that sprang - [Japanese quail (uzura), c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japanese-quail-c-1920/) - "The Japanese also keep quails as pets; but the task is not an easy one, as the birds are delicate and soon die. The bird-lover who can keep a quail in good health may well boast of his love for wildlife; and there are Japanese who are proud of such achievement. "The cage for quails - [Koganei Cherry Blossoms, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/koganei-cherry-blossoms-c-1910/) - "In the good old days, as now, Koganei was celebrated for the beauty of its scenery in the springtime. Thousands of spreading trees formed a glorious avenue on either side of the blue waters of the River Tama, and when these burst into clouds of diaphanous bloom, visitors from far and near came in crowds - [The Military Academy (Shikwan Gakko), Ichigaya, Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-military-academy-shikwan-gakko-ichigaya-tokyo-c-1920/) - See also: Central Military Preparatory School, c. 1910. The Headquarter Staff, Tokyo, c. 1910. "In all military nations, and in Japan particularly, the army is a school of the highest quality in which the habits of discipline and self-respect are formed and the principles of honor and patriotism are taught. In the public schools there - [Fujinami Shrine, Tosa, Shikoku, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/fujinami-shrine-tosa-shikoku-c-1920/) - "In 1805 the officials of Tosa domain had the priestly Yoshida house of Kyoto invoke the new deity Fujinami Myojin, after which they installed it in the Fujinami shrine created on the grounds of Kochi castle. "Fujinami Myojin was the kami deification of Yamauchi Katsutoyo, the founder of the Tosa Yamauchi clan. He had lived - [Maiko playing "onigokko" ("devil catch"), c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/maiko-playing-onigokko-devil-catch-c-1920/) - See also: Uta-garuta (“Poem cards” game), c. 1930. Hanetsuki (Japanese Badminton), New Year’s cards, 1910 & 1939. Three playful, smiling maiko, c. 1910. "Onigokko is a game wherein one is a devil and tries to catch the others. The one caught must in turn become devil, the former devil joining the rest of the crowd. - [Departure by Steamship, Yokohama, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/departure-by-steamship-yokohama-c-1930/) - See also: NYK Line (Nippon Yusen K.K.). American Hatoba (Wharf), Kobe, c. 1910. "After all the necessary documentation and procedures had been fulfilled, I had to face yet another major problem - it was the simple matter of the 150 yen fare for the passage to Peru. Professor Umehara knew I was a penniless student - [The Teikoku Theatre, The Best Theatre in Tokyo, c. 1920-30](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-teikoku-theatre-the-best-theatre-in-tokyo-c-1920-30/) - "In 1911, the music journal Onagakukai published an article entitled 'Teikoku Gekijo to Kageki' (The Imperial Theater and Opera), written by a certain Gyokugan (a nom de plume used by Komatsu Kosuke). "... The title of the article refers to an event of March 1911: the opening of the long-awaited Teikoku Gekijo (The Imperial Theater) - [Ofuro (bath) culture, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ofuro-bath-culture-c-1910/) - See also: Onsen culture Dogo Onsen, Matsuyama, c. 1910 The Natural Sand Baths and Onsen, Beppu, c. 1910-1930 "The Japanese passion for bathing is proverbial. Perhaps the people of no other country are so fond of hot-water bathing as the Japanese, who make it a rule to get into a good hot bath in the - [Motomachi-dori, Kobe, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/motomachi-dori-kobe-c-1930/) - See also: The Bund, Kobe, c. 1910. Kobe Chamber of Commerce & Industry, Kobe, c. 1930. View of Kobe Harbor and Nakayamate Catholic Cathedral, Kobe, c. 1925. "Kobe is the best and most significant example in Japan of what a few hundred intelligent foreigners and Japanese, imbued with civic ideals and a spirit of helpfulness, - [Geisha playing billiards, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/geisha-playing-billiards-c-1920/) - See also: “Recreation Ground”, Kobe, c. 1930. A history of tennis in Japan, c. 1920. "A variant of four-ball is the East Asian game yotsudama (四つ球, Japanese for 'four balls'), or sagu (사구, Korean for 'four balls'). "The game is played with two red object balls, one white cue ball and one yellow cue ball - [Kyobashi (Capital Bridge), c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kyobashi/) - See also: The Street of Kyobashi, c. 1920 Ginza Crossing, c. 1910-1940 Shibaura Engineering Works, Shinagawa, c. 1910 The significance of Kyobashi [capital bridge], both the district and the bridge itself, touched both the practical and the artistic. During the Tokugawa era, when Edo served as the administrative capital of Japan while the Emperor remained - [Imperial Japanese Navy Cruiser "Soya", c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/imperial-japanese-navy-cruiser-soya-c-1910/) - See also: Russo-Japanese War, 1904-1905 Imperial Japanese Navy training cruise, 1924-1925. "Soya was a protected cruiser in the Imperial Japanese Navy, acquired as a prize-of-war during the Russo-Japanese War from the Imperial Russian Navy, where it was originally known as the Russian cruiser Varyag. "Varyag was built in the United States by William Cramp and - [Yuigahama Beach, Kamakura, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yuigahama-kamakura-c-1910/) - See also: Enoshima, c. 1910-1950 "A walk of no more than five or six minutes through the garden brought one to the Yuigahama beach. In fact the Marquis, with the aid of binoculars, could sit on the terrace and watch the Marquise frolicking in the surf, an incidental diversion that amused him greatly. "... The - [Swimming at the Seven Slope Pond, Karuizawa, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/swimming-at-the-seven-slope-pond-karuizawa-c-1930/) - See also: Kumoba Pond, Karuizawa, c. 1910 Karuizawa, c. 1920 "Playground in Karuizawa", c. 1930 "A different heaven and earth."- Hatta YujiroFormer Diet representative (ca. 1910) and Karuizawa Residents Association Chair "Karuizawa is an old post town, turned into a summer resort by Westerners in the late nineteenth century. Looking for a place to escape - [S.S. President Cleveland, Dollar Steamship Line, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/s-s-president-cleveland-dollar-steamship-line-c-1930/) - See also: S.S. President Cleveland, American President Lines, c. 1960. NYK Line (Nippon Yusen K.K.). Departure by Steamship, Yokohama, c. 1930. Surrender of the US & Philippine armies at Bataan, Philippines, April 9, 1942. "Since 1899, San Francisco had been the primary port of dispatch for the U.S. ships headed to the Orient. Upon our - [Nikkatsu International Building & Nikkatsu Hotel, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nikkatsu-hotel-c-1960/) - "On April 3 1955 [Joseph] Campbell flew to Tokyo and was whisked efficiently to the expensive Nikkatsu Hotel. 'But hurray for Tokyo and the Japanese,' he wrote. 'This tops Hong Kong and scores supreme for the cities of Asia visited so far. 'My hotel is an absolutely modern, absolutely clean, perfectly efficient, fine affair, with - ["The center of Ginza which boasts the sight of neon signs", c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-center-of-ginza-which-boasts-the-sight-of-neon-signs-c-1930-2/) - See also: Ginza at Night, c. 1935. Night view of Shibuya Station, c. 1960. View of Shinjuku at Night, c. 1960. "The Tokyo street scene is best at night, like a fashionable beauty. Electric light is cheap and competition is keen, and the Ginza at night is more like foreign fireworks than a busy shopping - [The Headquarter Staff, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-headquarter-staff-tokyo-c-1910/) - "Tokyo's ability to determine Japan's destiny evaporated in 1931 when junior officers in Japan's Kwangtung Army Headquarters in Manchuria decided, on their own initiative, to expel Chinese forces from the province and create an independent Manchurian state under Japan's control. The Kwangtung officers began planning the complex operation that summer, and they coordinated their scheme - [Central Post Office, Tokyo, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/central-post-office-tokyo-c-1935/) - "The new Tokyo Central Post Office is situated in the front of Tokyo Station across a broad way and its general mail service was opened on November 6, 1933. "The construction [was] completed after a period of six years since the first foundation work commenced. The building has five floors and a basement occupying a - [Kobe Station, Kobe, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kobe-station-kobe-c-1910/) - See also: Kobe Station, c. 1920. The Second Kyoto Railroad Terminal, c. 1940. Tokyo Station, 1914-1940. "The railway Compound at Kobe is a valuable and extensive plot of land, with a good water frontage on the west side of the harbour. There is a good passenger station with brick buildings. "Into this station and yard - [Sculpting studio, Imperial School of Art, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/sculpting-studio-imperial-school-of-art-tokyo-c-1910/) - "Recently the Imperial School of Art, Tokio, the premiere institution of the kind in Japan, celebrated, with appropriate ceremonies and with an exhibition of its treasures, the twenty-fifth anniversary of its foundation. "The Imperial School of Art came into existence by imperial order on Oct. 4, 1889, and came to occupy the present splendid position - [Naval Base Tourism, Souvenir stamps, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/naval-base-tourism-souvenir-stamps-c-1935/) - See also: IJN armored cruiser Azuma, c. 1910. Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, c. 1910. Kure Kaikokan (Port of Kure), c. 1920. IJN battleship “Mikasa”, c. 1910. "Before its rapid urbanization after the establishment of the district base for the Imperial Navy, Shin-Maizuru was a scattered collection of houses along a coastal road. The other three naval - [Hotel New Grand, Yokohama, "Picturesque" Series, c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yokohama-hotel-new-grand-picturesque/) - See also: Lobby, Hotel New Grand, Yokohama, c. 1940 Yamashita Park, Yokohama, c. 1960. "Work on the new Grand Hotel on the Bund Yokohama was started early in April. It is expected that the hotel will be completed in August 1927, and will be open for business in September of that year. "The Mayor of - [The Japanese Occupation of Singapore, c. 1943.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-japanese-occupation-of-singapore-c-1942/) - "Moshe Hai Sion was 15 when Singapore fell to the Japanese on Feb 15, 1942. Able-bodied adult Jewish men were among those rounded up and interned at Changi Prison but he avoided the internment. "'I was too young to be a threat,' Mr Hai Sion, now 90, recalled. He was then living in a shophouse - [Beer Shop, Myadzu, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/beer-shop-myadzu-c-1910/) - See also: Koshikibu no Naishi "Lady in Waiting", c. 1930 "Myadzu [contemporary romaji: Miyazu] is a harbour well-sheltered and by its size calculated to afford good and secure anchorage for a large number of ships, either foreign or native. By a chart of the harbour and anchorages published by the Admiralty in March 1870, Myadzu - [Ochanomizu Bridge, Ochanomizu, c. 1910-1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ochanomizu-bridge-ochanomizu-c-1910-1920/) - See also: Nikolai Cathedral, Ochanomizu Kanda River. This Meiji-era Ochanomizu Bridge was erected in 1891 across the Kanda River. It was thirty-eight meters high and 7-meters wide, and remained standing until felled by the 1923 Great Kanto Earthquake, and was replaced in 1931 with the present-day bridge structure. "One of the finest and best-built bridges - [Mitsukoshi Department Store, Nihonbashi, c. 1903-1923.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mitsukoshi-department-store-c-1903-1923/) - See also: Mitsukoshi Department Store, c. 1926-1960 Roof Garden, Mitsukoshi Department Store, c. 1930 "In Japan at the turn of the century, the western-inspired commercial revolution was pioneered by the Japanese entrepreneurs of Mitsukoshi and its rival, Shirokiya, Tokyo's first and largest department stores, offering their version of 'modern life' or modan raifu. Retailing novelties - [Monument of Count Goto at Shiba Park, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/monument-of-count-goto-at-shiba-park-c-1910/) - "There stands in Tokyo in one of the most beautiful spots of the city a statue of Count Goto. It is of heroic size. The dress chosen is the frock-coat. The pity of it! For the greater part of his life, Count Goto wore the robes of a Samurai. These at any rate would have - [Kotohira-gu, Toranomon, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kotohira-gu-toranomon-tokyo-c-1910/) - "The establishment in 1872 of an organized national indoctrination effort added new ideological and financial priorities to policy decisions at Kotohira Shrine ... On the day it announced the Three Standards*, the Ministry of Doctrine granted Kotooka Hirotsune the rank of assistant head priest (gon guji) of Kotohira Shrine, raising him to the highest existing - [City Office, Yokohama, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/city-office-yokohama-c-1920/) - "The Yokohama City Office is ... the office of an autonomous city, having a Municipal Assembly as a Representative organ and a Municipal Council as an Administrative organ. The latter is selected from the former. "The Mayoralty is recognized by the Emperor. The Mayor acts as Chairman of the Municipal Council. While representing the Municipal - [Panoramic view of Asakusa, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/panoramic-view-of-asakusa-c-1910/) - See also: Asakusa Rokku (Theater Street), c. 1910-1950. Asakusa Park, c. 1910. Temple of the Goddess of Mercy, Asakusa Kannon, c. 1910. "In an unfinished novel, The Mermaid (Koujin), Tanizaki tells what Asakusa was like in 1918. Its attractions were 'plays of the old style, operettas, plays in the new style, comedies, movies - movies - [Hibiya Public Hall (Kokaido), c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hibiya-public-hall-c-1930/) - See also: Hibiya Park, c. 1910 Hibiya Public Hall [Shisei Kaikan, 'City Hall'], in part a public facility and in part the offices of the Tokyo Institute of Municipal Research, is located on the southeastern corner of Hibiya Park. The ten-story steel-frame reinforced concrete structure is finished in terra cotta, Yokonezawa stone (quarried in Shizuoka - [Tokyo-London-Rome flight, 1931.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-london-rome-flight-1931/) - See also: Haneda Airfield (Pre-war) "In November 1930 Hōsei University in Tokyo announced that it had decided to sponsor a flight to Europe on behalf of the newly formed Japan Students’ Aviation League (JSAL). The endeavour was backed by the newspaper Asahi Shimbun and was supported by a society specifically formed for the purpose within - ["All the staff and students of Kinjo Girls' School", Nagoya, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/all-the-staff-and-students-of-kinjo-girls-school-nagoya-c-1920/) - " See also: Kochi Jogakkai [Kochi Girls’ School], Kochi, c. 1920. Girls Normal School, Ochanozmizu, c. 1910. Daini Middle School, Sendai, c. 1910. "Kinjo Jo Gakko ['Golden Castle' Girls' School] was established in September, 1888, and [its] government license was received in September, 1889. "Mrs. [Annie Edgar] Randolph, the first principal, began the school with - [Kochi Castle, Tosa, Shikoku, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kochi-castle-tosa-shikoku-c-1920/) - "Kochi Castle, in the former Tosa Province-now Kochi Prefecture of Shikoku, is one of just twelve Japanese castles to have survived the fires, wars and other catastrophes of the post-feudal, modern age. It was first constructed between 1601 and 1611, but most of its main buildings date from 1748 after a reconstruction from a fire. - [Takarazuka Gekijo (Theater), Tokyo](https://www.oldtokyo.com/takarazuka-gekijo/) - See also: Takarazuka Revue, “Parisette”, c. 1930. Ernie Pyle Theater, Yurakucho, c. 1950 Takarazuka Hotel, Baths and Opera House, Takarazuka, c. 1920-1930 "The Takarazuka Revue Company was founded in 1914 by a new railroad line which had commenced operations just three years earlier. "Takarazuka, one of the terminal points of the line, had at one - [Oscar V. Babcock in the 'Death Trap Loop and Flume', Peace Commemorative Exposition, Tokyo, 1922.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/oscar-v-babcock-in-the-death-trap-loop-and-flume-peace-commemorative-exposition-tokyo-1922/) - See also: Peace Commemorative Exposition, Ueno Park, Tokyo, 1922 Ferris Wheel at the Meiji Industrial Exhibition, 1907 "Oscar V. Babcock (1875-1957) started out as a bicycle racer, once part of the racing Harlem Wheelmen team, who became a professional stunt bicycle rider & biplane pilot. A newspaper reference has him participating in a 6-day bicycle - [The Bund, Kobe, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-bund-kobe-c-1910/) - See also: Oriental Hotel, Kobe, c. 1910. American Hatoba (Wharf), Kobe, c. 1910. "The dawn is no longer poetically heralded by the deep booming of the temple bell, but by the shrill blasts of steam hooters and sirens whose strident notes fall discordantly upon the ears of those whom they awaken, and remorselessly upon the - [Shikomi with pail and brush, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/shikomi-with-pail-and-brush-c-1910/) - "In the past, children sold into the geisha districts often had to work as maids for years. They lived in the geisha house, being treated like dogsbodies but getting the chance to have the patina of the geisha world rub off on them. For Harumi her period as a shikomi (literally 'in training') or tamago - [Cryptomeria Avenue, Nikko, c. 1910-20.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/cryptomeria-road-nikko-c-1910/) - See also: Nikko, Japan c. 1910 "As the day wore on in its brightness and glory the pictures became more varied and beautiful. Great snow-slashed mountains looked over the foothills [of Nikko], on whose steep sides the dark blue green of pine and cryptomeria was lighted up by the spring tints of deciduous trees. "There - [Yamato Maru, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yamato-maru-c-1930/) - See also: NYK Line Yusen (NYK) Building, Marunouchi, c. 1930 From the wiki: "In 1915, the Italian-built 9000-gross ton passenger-cargo ship Giuseppe Verdi was completed for the Transatlantica Italiana (TI) Societa Anonima Di Navigazione, Genoa, and transported thousands of Italian immigrants to Ellis Island, NY. In 1928, Giuseppe Verdi was purchased by Kinkai Yusen K. - [M.S. Chitose Maru, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/chitose-maru-c-1930/) - From the wiki: "Chitose Maru was launched as an ice-breaker on April 28, 1921 at Yokohama Yard Dock Co. Ltd., under the ownership of Kinkai Yusek K.K. (KYK). In 1938, the vessel was renamed Kitose Maru, and sailed under the NYK flag. In 1941, the ship was taken over by the Imperial Japanese Navy. "After - [M.S. Hakozaki Maru in dry dock, Kobe, 1922.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/m-s-hakozaki-maru-in-dry-dock-kobe-1922/) - Another Japanese Ship Detained at Bermuda "Hamilton, Bermuda (Oct. 8 1940) - British authorities announced today the Japanese passenger ship, Hakozaki Maru, was being detained here pending a routine inspection of her papers. "She is the second Japanese vessel to be detain in Bermuda in the last week. Another ship of the Nippon Yusen Kaisha - [M.S. Asama Maru, NYK Lines, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/m-s-asama-maru-nyk-lines-c-1930/) - See also: NYK Line (Nippon Yusen K.K.). M.S. Chitose Maru, c. 1930. Yusen (Nippon Yusen Kaisha) Building, Marunouchi, c. 1930. "Nineteen hundred and thirty is a banner year for the Nippon Yusen Kaisha (NYK), [its] building project far exceeding that of other shipping companies in [Japan] in point of scale as well as quality. Especially, - [Kaikatei Hotel, Hakone, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kaikatei-hotel-hakone-c-1910/) - "I found at Kaikatei the most curious and cozy little hostelry that I have ever come across in my many travels and adventures. "A crowd of Japanese servant girls stood in the threshold to welcome us. They bowed to the ground, they grinned, they chirped like sparrows, and in a few minutes they shuffled after - [Restaurant Han-nya-en, Shirogane, Tokyo, c. 1950.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/restaurant-han-nya-en-shirogane-tokyo-c-1910/) - "After the Banquet was a thinly disguised, brilliant, witty account of [Hachiro] Arita's affair with a restaurant owner, the proprietress of the Han-nya-en in Tokyo. Why did Mishima take such a risk? The libel laws in Japan are weak - by Western standards they are a farce - but Mishima was going much too far. - ["Jack's Tower", Yokohama Port Opening Memorial Hall, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/jacks-tower-yokohama-port-opening-memorial-hall-c-1920/) - See also: Kanagawa Prefectural Office, Yokohama, c. 1930. Yokohama Specie Bank, Yokohama, c. 1920. Silk Conditioning House, Yokohama, c. 1935. "Construction of the Yokohama Port Opening Memorial Hall (in Japanaese Kenenkaikan) was finished in 1917, paid for by donations from citizens. It commemorated the 50th anniversary of opening Yokohama Port in 1867. Since then, it - [The Temple of the 33,333 images of Kwannon, Sanjūsangen-dō, Kyoto, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-temple-of-the-33333-images-of-kwannon-sanjusangen-do-kyoto-c-1920/) - "Quite unique is the impression produced by this immensely elongated edifice, with its vast company of gilded images rising tier above tier. Each image is 5 ft. high, and all represent the Eleven-faced Thousand-handed Kwannon. "There are 1,000 of these, the total number of 33,333 being obtained by including in the computation the smaller effigies - [Emperor Pu Yi ("The Last Emperor"), State Visit to Tokyo, 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/emperor-pu-yi-tokyo-1935/) - See also: Imperial Japanese Navy Battlecruiser Hiei, 1933. "I reached the pinnacle of authority and the nadir of my misconceptions after the first of my two state visits to Japan, in April, 1935. The Kwangtung Army had made all the arrangements for this trip which was undertaken to demonstrate my gratitude to the Japanese Emperor - [2nd Tokugawa Shogun temple, Zojo-ji, Shiba Park, Tokyo, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/2nd-tokugawa-shogun-temple-shiba-park-tokyo-c-1910/) - See also: Shiba Park, Tokyo Zojoji Temple, c. 1910 Tokyo First Bazaar Co. (Kwankoba), Shiba Park, c. 1910 "Then in addition to the attractions of the Kwankoba [bazaar] itself, there is the fascination of its surroundings. It is in the romantic region now called Shiba Park, a neighbourhood once sacred as the precincts of the - [Meiji Jingu (Shrine), Tokyo.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/meiji-jingu-shrine/) - "In the Shinto sense, Tokyo, which lost the site of [Emperor Meiji's] grave, won the site of his spirit. It now rests in Meiji Shrine, a magnificent but restrained version of the Toshogu, the great shogunal shrine in Nikko, to which has been added an outer worship hall much like the one at Heian Shrine - ["Took in the Exposition today ... ," 1907](https://www.oldtokyo.com/took-in-the-exposition-today-1907/) - See also: Meiji Industrial Exhibition, 1907 Ferris Wheel at the Meiji Industrial Exhibition It was still the fashion in 1907 to write any small correspondence on the front of a postcard: "Took in the Exposition at Tokyo today with Capt von Troschke of the German Embassy. - Nina Peterson Apr 9/07" - [Kobe Station, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kobe-station-c-1920/) - See also: Tokyo Central Station, 1914-1940 Manseibashi Station (1912-1936) "Kobe marked the end of the IJGR [Imperial Japanese Government Railway] Tokaido Line and was the start of the San'yo Tetsudo. During the building of the Kobe-Kyoto line, Kobe served as the national headquarters of the Railway Bureau. "... In 1888, a charter was granted for - ["A fishing place in Awaji", Hyogo Prefecture, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/a-fishing-place-in-awaji-hyogo-prefecture-c-1920/) - "Both designers and antique-textile enthusiasts will surely be impressed by Japanese fishermen's coats from Awaji Island, antique quilted coats in deep blue with white stitching ... They were made in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in five fishing villages on Awaji, which is at the eastern end of the Inland Sea. "... The - [Exposition of Shining Technology (2,600th National Foundation Anniversary), 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/exposition-of-shining-technology-2600th-national-foundation-anniversary-1940/) - See also: 2600th Anniversary of the Founding of Japan, 1940 Meiji Industrial Exhibition, 1907 Peace Commemorative Exposition, Ueno Park, 1922 "The empire of Japan in countless ceremonies this year [1940] will celebrate the 2,600th anniversary of the ascension to the throne of Jimmu Tenno, first emperor of Nippon. In modern cities, isolated mountain hamlets, and - [Hongan-ji Temple, Tsukiji, c. 1935](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hongan-ji-temple-tsukiji-c-1935/) - "Then there are curious exercises in styles neither Western nor Japanese. Chief among them, probably, is the Honganji Temple in Tsukiji, not far from the fish market, the villa where General and Mrs. Grant stayed, and the site of the Meiji foreign settlement. "The principal east country temple of the pietist Shin Buddhist sect, the - [Ginza Tokyu Hotel, c. 1965.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ginza-tokyu-hotel-c-1965/) - "450 rooms with private bath, shower and radio. The GINZA TOKYU HOTEL is the most up-to-date, entirely air-conditioned and soundproof establishment in the very heart of Tokyo. It also provides the utmost in comfort, convenience and gracious living, as well as all the facilities of a first class hotel." - Above postcard reverse description. Built - [Mukden, Manchuria (Manchukuo), c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/mukden-manchuria-manchukuo-c-1940/) - "Many historians identify Japan's invasion of Manchuria in 1931 as the beginning of World War II. In their drive to achieve political and economic parity with the West, Japanese leaders in the 1920s decided they could no longer tolerate being resource-dependent on Europe and the United States. Japan looked longingly on Manchuria, with its abundant - [Nagoya Castle, Nagoya, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nagoya-castle-nagoya-c-1910/) - "The place came into history early in the 14th cent., when a family of the name of Nagoya resided there. Shiba Yoshimune, governor of the province, built the first castle about 1525, but the martial Oda Nobunaga wrested it from him in 1532. After this was razed and the present castle built on the site, - [Yaomatsu Restaurant, Mukojima, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/yaomatsu-restaurant-mukojima-c-1910/) - "We are on our way to the far end of the long Mukojima highway, at least six miles from town, where we shall find an inn that is completely and entirely Japanese in structure and surroundings. It is called the 'Yao Matsu,' 'The Place of Eight-Hundred Pine-Trees.' "It is the most aristocratic resort of Tokyo, - [Hakone District, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hakone-district-c-1910/) - See also: Lake Hakone, c. 1920. Hakone Hotel, Hakone, c. 1910-1950. Naraya Hotel (Ryokan), Hakone, c. 1910. Kaikatei Hotel, Hakone, c. 1910. Mt. Fuji and Lake Hakone Railway Access and Bus Routes, c. 1930. "This route is specially recommended, as uniting charm of scenery, accessibility, and an unusual degree of comfort . All tourists arriving - ["Japanese troops marching scene to Ping Yang (Pyongyang) [in 1894]", Russo-Japanese War propaganda postcard, c. 1905.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japanese-troops-marching-scene-to-ping-yang-pyongyang-in-1894-russo-japanese-war-propaganda-postcard-c-1905/) - "The Battle of Pyongyang was the second major land battle of the First Sino-Japanese War (1894-95). It took place on 15 September 1894 in Pyongyang, Korea between the forces of Meiji Japan and Qing China. It is sometimes referred to archaically in Western sources as the 'Battle of Ping-yang'. "Prince Yamagata Aritomo's First Army of - [Tea picking at Uji, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tea-picking-at-uji-c-1920/) - See also: Tea Time, c. 1910 Green tea culture, c. 1950 Ochaya (tea house), c. 1910 "Every hill is covered with low, knob-like bushes that sweep down to the very roadside, their white waxy flowers perfuming the air. Young girls, gay in brightly colored costumes, are snipping young leaves, most of which, dried by fire - [Nihonbashi Bridge, Tokyo](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nihonbashi-bridge/) - "The creative destruction of modernity was the background to Tekiko's picture of Nihonbashi Bridge in the print series ['Woodblock Prints of the Taisho Earthquake', 1924]. Although the Nihonbashi district had been a flourishing center of Edo commercialism in Tokugawa times, the place Tekiko depicted instead spotlighted the landmark Renaissance-style stone bridge that was built there - ["Road of Kiso" (Nakasendo highway), c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/road-of-kiso-nakasendo-c-1910/) - "The Nakasendo, or Central Mountain Road, is so named in contradistinction to the Tokaido or Eastern Sea Road, and the comparatively unimportant Hoku- roku-do, or Northern Land Road in Kaga and Etchu, between which it occupies a middle position. It runs from Kyoto to Tokyo, passing through the provinces of Tamashiro, Omi, Mino, Shiushu, Koteuke, - [Nogeyama Daijingu, Yokohama, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nogeyama-daijingu-yokohama-c-1910/) - See also: Nogeyama Park, Yokohama, c. 1935. "A visit should be paid to Noge-yama, close behind the [Yokohama] Railway Station, for the sake of the general view of the town and harbour. Here stand some small but popular and representative shrines dedicated to the Shinto god of Akiha; to Doryo, a Buddhist saint; to Fudo, - [Jozankei spa, Sapporo, Hokkaido, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/jozankei-spa-sapporo-hokkaido-c-1960/) - "Jozankei Onsen spreads out along the banks of the Toyohira River that runs from Sapporo and is only a 50-minute drive away. Founded in in 1866 it is one of Hokkaido’s best-known hot springs areas. Visitors can either find accommodations in one of the inns or just enjoy the many different hot springs, including foot - [St. John's Episcopal Church, Asakusa, Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/st-johns-episcopal-church-asakusa-tokyo-c-1920/) - "St. John's Church is situated in the very centre of the great Buddhist locality of Tokyo. If any congregation can be said to carry the Light for Christian faith and worship into the heart of the idolatrous' camp, that honor should be given to this church. Asakusa is the Tokyo home of the Great Kwannon, - [The Anglican Cathedral (Sei ko kwai) in Tokyo, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-cathedral-sei-ko-kwai-in-tokyo-c-1900/) - See also: St. Hilda's Chapel, Tokyo, c. 1912 "The first Synod of the Anglican Episcopal Church in Japan met in Osaka in February 1887. At this meeting, instigated by Bishop Edward Bickersteth, and presided over by Bishop Williams, it was agreed to unite the various Anglican missionary efforts in Japan into one autonomous national church: - [Butokuden (Military Arts Hall), Suwayama Park, Kobe, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/butokuden-military-arts-hall-suwayama-park-kobe-c-1910/) - On February 27, 1935, Sarah Mayer became the first non-Japanese woman in the world to be awarded black belt rank in kodokan judo. She began learning judo in London, England at the Budokwai. In the 1930s Mayer visited Japan to study judo first in Kobe and, then, in Kyoto. During Mayer’s stay in Japan, which - [Aerial View of Yurakucho Theaters, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/aerial-view-of-yurakucho-c-1935/) - See also: Yurakucho (Tokyo) Station Opening, 1910 Takarazuka Gekijo, Tokyo Nippon Theater (Nichigeki) "Kobayashi's bold plan [of building three high-class theaters in Yurakucho] was executed after careful planning, starting with an exhaustive survey of the crowds of train riders passing through Yurakucho station. The vast majority were employees working in the offices in the area. - [Hotel Kokusai Kanko, Marunouchi, Tokyo, c. 1965.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hotel-kokusai-kanko-marunouchi-tokyo-c-1965/) - "On [Shimbashi Station's] N. side stands the Kokusai Kanko Kaikan Building, housing the Hotel Kokusai Kanko ..." "Hotel Kokusai Kanko means 'International Tourist Hotel' and this Tokyo hostelry fits its name. ... with 626 guest rooms, many of them singles, occupying the whole of an 8-story building near the Shimbashi Railway Station. On the 8th - [French Consulate, Yokohama, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/french-consulate-yokohama-c-1910/) - See also: U.S. Consulate, Yokohama, 1933 "When Yokohama Port opened to foreign trade in 1859, the Tokugawa shogunate still ruled the country. But, there was disagreement among the samurai whether to simply expel the 'barbarians' or to open the country to them, acquire the latest Western technology and maintain national sovereignty. The Tokugawa were in - [Kinkiro Hotel, Enoshima, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kinkiro-hotel-enoshima-c-1910/) - See also: Enoshima, c. 1910 "Kinkiro Hotel, Enoshima: This first-class and commodious Hotel is situated at the highest point of the Picturesque island of Enoshima and commands a magnificent view of the sea and surrounding country. "As a summer resort, it possesses unrivalled advantages since its splendid position ensures refreshing sea breezes throughout the hottest - [Royal Navy (English) Hospital, Yokohama, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/royal-navy-english-hospital-yokohama-c-1910/) - "TOKIO. March 12.— Sir Claude Macdonald, the British Minister to Japan, through Admiral Bridge, to-day tendered the Navy Department the use of the naval hospital 'at Yokohama' for the treatment of sick and wounded [Japanese] sailors. Vice Admiral Yamamoto, Minister of the Navy [and future Prime Minister], gratefully accepted the offer on behalf of Japan. - [MF.7 "Longhorn" biplane & Kanda Post Office at Manseibashi Station, c. 1915.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kanda-post-office-mf-7-biplane-at-manseibashi-c-1911/) - See also: Manseibashi Station, 1912-1936 "As early as 1908 Henry Farman had a school of aviation and construction works at Buc near Versailles. Somewhat later his brother Maurice Farman began to manufacture aircraft and in 1912 the brothers merged their interests in the Farman works at Boulogne-sur-Seine, making many planes of their characteristic pusher biplane - [Changing fashion (Western dress), c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/changing-fashion-western-dress-c-1910/) - "The first reported instance of women appearing in Western attire is said to have been 1858, when prostitutes in the Maruyama, Nagasaki licensed quarter posed in Western dress with Dutchmen. Lower-class women who became the exclusive concubines of Western men were frequently seen in public in Western attire—earning them the derogatory sobriquet rashamen, or 'wool - [Hadakajima & Tobishima, Naruto Strait, Shikoku, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hadakajima-tobishima-naruto-strait-shikoku-c-1930/) - See also: Naruto whirlpools at Setonaikai, Inland Sea, c. 1910. Round kite (wanwan-dako) flying at Naruto, Shikoku, 1935. "The landscape of the Naruto Strait has been repeatedly selected to represent Japan, in the 'Eight Views of Japan' (1927), the '100 Views of New Japan' (1957), '100 Landscapes of Heisei Era' (2009), etc. It is protected, - [View of Kobe Harbor and Nakayamate Catholic Cathedral, Kobe, c. 1925.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/view-of-kobe-harbor-and-nakayamate-catholic-cathedral-kobe-c-1925/) - "The Port of Kobe was opened to foreign trade on January 1st, 1863. Prior to that date the part particularly known as Kobe was occupied by three old villages containing in all about one thousand houses; but in 1868 the town was incorporated. With the passing of the new regulations for gun (county), ku (division), - ["Salt fields at Mita", c. 1940.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/salt-fields-at-mita-c-1940/) - "In the morning, the smoke from the salt pans, now hanging low across the beach, can still be seen. "Almost the entire salt supply of Japan is obtained by the evaporation of saltwater; and here at Mitajiri are hundreds of sea-salt gardens — nothing more than a layer of coarse sand, mixed with clay, thick - [Matsushima Park Hotel, Matsushima, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/matsushima-park-hotel-matsushima-c-1920/) - See also: View of Matsushima, Inland Sea, c. 1910 Godaido Temple at Matsushima, c. 1910 Koshikibu no Naishi "Lady in Waiting", c. 1930 The Big Torii from Matsubara Itsukushima, Aki, c. 1910 "The Matsushima Park Hotel is a handsome new structure combining Japanese charm with comfort and luxury desired by foreign travelers. English spoken. Superbly - ["Akita Obako", c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/akita-obako-c-1930/) - "In Akita ben, or the dialect of Japanese as it is spoken in Akita, obako means 'daughter', but the word is often used to refer to an unmarried woman. A local phrase – 'Akita obako musume' – is used to refer to someone who was born and raised in Akita. The city of Daisen is - [Azabu Prince Hotel, Tokyo, c. 1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/azabu-prince-hotel-tokyo-c-1960/) - See also: Akasaka Prince Hotel, Tokyo, c. 1960. Chinzan-so Gardens and Hotel, c. 1962. "In 1946, as a program of the Occupation's post-war purges, a new asset tax system was introduced in Japan. Members of the former peerage and the imperial family were forced to bear an enormous tax burden based on the size of - [Katase Beach, Enoshima, 1910-1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/katase-beach-enoshima-1910-1960/) - See also: “Whole View of Yenoshima” from Katase, c. 1910. Kinkiro Hotel, Enoshima, c. 1910. “Sea Water Bath of Kaomega-saki”, Tsuruga, c. 1910. "In the summer of 1914, Father decided we should remain in Tokyo instead of going to the beach where we had gone for many years ... But as the weather grew more - [Central Theological College, Setagaya, Tokyo, c. 1950.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/central-theological-college-tokyo-c-1950/) - "Established in 1908 from the amalgamation of three older Japanese Anglican seminaries, the formal opening of the Central Theological College occured in 1912. Prior to that, graduate level study and clergy training in the Anglican Church in Japan was divided between two schools in Tokyo and one in Osaka. "The idea of a central theological - [Kure Kaikokan (Port of Kure), c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kure-kaikokan-port-c-1920/) - See also: Naval Base Tourism, Souvenir stamps, c. 1935. "Kure, an important station of the Japanese navy, is romantically situated at the base of the hills of the province of Aki. None but those having permission from the authorities are allowed to inspect the place. One and a half ri distant is the barren island - [A history of tennis in Japan, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/a-history-of-tennis-in-japan-c-1920/) - See also: Karuizawa Union Church, Karuizawa, c. 1910. “Play Ground in Karuizawa”, c. 1930. Karuizawa, c. 1920. “Recreation Ground”, Kobe, c. 1930. Golfing in Japan (A short history). "At the entrance to the [Yokohama International Tennis Community] tennis court in Yokohama, Yamate Park, there is a monument of a roller carved as 'the origin of - [Karuizawa, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/karuizawa-c-1920/) - See also: Swimming at the Seven Slope Pond, Karuizawa, c. 1930. Karuizawa Union Church, Karuizawa, c. 1910 Mikasa Hotel, Karuizawa, c. 1920 Playground in Karuizawa, c. 1930 "An important part of my school years [in the 1920s] consisted of the long summers we spent at our summer home in Karuizawa, 5,000 feet high in the - [Morikawacho-Dori, Hongo, Tokio, 1909](https://www.oldtokyo.com/morikawacho-dori-hongo-tokio-1909/) - See also: Whole View of Tokyo Imperial University and Faraway Shinobazu Pond, Tokyo, c. 1930. Hongo neighborhood in the Bunkyo ward of Tokyo is bounded to the east by Ueno Park and, to the south, by the Kanda Canal. Tokyo Imperial University was chartered there in 1877 on estate land appropriated from a Tokugawa era - [Tomonoura, Inland Sea, Japan, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tomonoura-inland-sea-japan-c-1910/) - "Tomonoura, nestled in its half-moon bay overlooking the Seto Inland Sea National Park, has been inspiring poets and artists for centuries. One thousand years before I-pan-on’s visit, eight poems about the town were included in the Man-yoshu (an 8th-century collection of Japanese poems), including this one by Otomo no Tabito: Whenever I see that - [Nara Hotel, Nara, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nara-hotel-c-1910/) - “Swarm of deer at Nara Park”, Nara, c. 1910. Daibutsu, Nara, c. 1920. "It is said in Japan that drinking tea together constitutes an act of peace. At the Nara Hotel, an oddly shaped teapot is laid on its side and said to be 'sleeping'. Pico and I watch it, as if watching a child. - [Dai-Ichi Seimei Sogo building, Marunouchi, c. 1949.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/dai-ichi-seimei-sogo-building-marunouchi-c-1949/) - See also: Dai-Ichi Sogo Building, Kyobashi, c. 1920 "We were glad when we reached Tokyo, where the destruction was bad enough, too, but where at least some parts of the city had been spared in anticipation of the Allied occupation. "This was evidently true of the area along the Imperial moat, where the impressive Dai - ["Honkon (Hongkong) Maru", T.K.K. Line, 1913.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/honkon-hongkong-maru-tkk-line-1913/) - See also: "Shinyo Maru", T.K.K. Line, c. 1920-1930. "TEN THOUSAND MILES AROUND THE PACIFIC July 1913 "For the last fifty kilometres the descent is very gentle, and as we approached Lima fields of maize, cotton, and sugar cane appeared on either side of the track. 'Desamparados', the Lima station, was reached at six forty-five, - [Kimigayo (National Anthem) Commemorative Postcard, c. 1910](https://www.oldtokyo.com/kimigayo-national-anthem-commemorative-postcard-c-1910/) - "An entirely different sense of the meaning of 'Kimigayo' in contemporary Japan was encountered at a rock concert I attended in July 2003 at the Zozoji temple in downtown Tokyo. Thousands of young Japanese flocked to this free concert featuring Imawano Kiyoshiro, former lead vocalist of R.C. Succession, which was among Japan's most influential bands - [Tokyo Station, 1945-1960.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tokyo-station-1945-1960/) - See also: Tokyo Station, 1914-1940. "October 10, 1945. When we arrived here this morning after spending a night at the Kisarazu Naval Air Base in Chiba, a drizzling rain was falling through the burned-out dome of the south rotunda of Tokyo Station. It was a desolate sight. So is the city!" - The Allied Occupation - ["The Cannon-ball of Ohato", Nagasaki, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/the-cannon-ball-of-ohato-nagasaki-c-1910/) - "It may be a mere historical footnote, but to this day a giant cannonball cast during this era remains on an obelisk at Ohato beside Nagasaki harbor. "According to Plutschow, originally the gift of a Nagasaki merchant, the iron ball along with cannon was intended to be deployed against the rebel fortress at Shimabara*. Even - [Nihonbashi, Nishikashibashi & Ichikokubashi bridges, c. 1920.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/nihonbashi-nishikashibashi-ichikokubashi-bridges-c-1920/) - "Waterways crisscross Edo in all directions; north, south, east, and west; and there are bridges, too, in numbers beyond knowing. One great river joins the current of the moat in front of Ote gate and then flows through the city, southward to the ocean. Nihonbashi is just one of the spans crossing this river, and - [Menoyu Ryokan, Asama hot springs, Matsumoto, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/menoyu-ryokan-asama-hot-springs-matsumoto-c-1930/) - "Rather than stop at Matsumoto, those in search of pure air and the picturesque should repair to the spruce little vill. of Asama, 30 cho to the N.E., noted for its hot springs. Of the numerous inns, the best is the Me-no-yu." - A Handbook for Travellers in Japan, by Basil Hall Chamberlain & W.B. - [Japanese Fan, c. 1910.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/japanese-fan-c-1910/) - "Incidental mention of fans occur in the oldest official annals of Japan. The chief kinds of fans are the uchiwa or round fan, not capable of being shut, and the ogi or sensu, folding fan. "A noble lady, widow of the youthful hero Atsumori, is credited with the invention of the folding fan. At the - [Ueno Zoological Garden, Ueno Park](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ueno-zoological-garden-ueno-park/) - See also: Ueno Park, c. 1910 Ueno Pank Museums, c. 1910 Elephants at Ueno Zoo, Tokyo, c. 1950. Established in 1882, Ueno Zoo is the oldest zoo in Japan. The zoo is in Ueno Park, a large urban park that is home to museums, a small amusement park, and other attractions. The ground was originally - [Hamacho Park, Tokyo, c. 1930.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/hamacho-park-tokyo-c-1930/) - "Waterside spaces in post-earthquake Tokyo provided the most direct expression possible of modernism in urban place formation. "... First came the earthquake recovery projects of Hamacho and Sumida parks, both featuring modern promenades along the Sumida waterfront. They and Kinshi Park - the three major parks incorporated into the city's earthquake recovery plans - were - [Ginza at Night, c. 1935.](https://www.oldtokyo.com/ginza-at-night-c-1930/) - "The Tokyo street scene is best at night, like a fashionable beauty. Electric light is cheap and competition is keen, and Ginza at night is more like foreign fireworks than a busy shopping street. "By day its appearance rather suggests that some Japanese architects, after a rapid tour of Germany and Venice, had woke up ## Pages - [Contact Me](https://www.oldtokyo.com/contact-me/) - admin@oldtokyo.com - [Privacy Policy](https://www.oldtokyo.com/privacy-policy/) - To manage the cookies and similar technologies used (tracking pixels, web beacons, etc.) and related consents, we use the consent tool "Real Cookie Banner". Details on how "Real Cookie Banner" works can be found at https://devowl.io/rcb/data-processing/. The legal basis for the processing of personal data in this context are Art. 6 (1) lit. c GDPR - [Front](https://www.oldtokyo.com/home/) - [mpsl slider5e1be4a4eebfc] - [Cartography](https://www.oldtokyo.com/cartography/) - Tokyo 1900-1950 Japanese Empire (East Asia), 1940 Tokyo in distress Two major events within 25 years of each other forever altered Tokyo - the 1923 Great Kanto earthquake, and the 1945 firebombings during the Pacific War. The earthquake, which killed 142,000 people and created firestorms that raged for three days, erased much of the modern - [A Brief History of Tokyo](https://www.oldtokyo.com/a-brief-history-of-tokyo/) - The charm of Tokyo to the visitor is the huge experiment it presents in the meeting of East and West. The air is electric with change and new ideas. - Zoe Kincaid, "Tokyo Vignettes" (1933) - See also: Tokyo City Hall, c. 1910-1930 The overthrow of the Tokugawa Shogunate and the restoration of Imperial rule - [Bibliography](https://www.oldtokyo.com/bibliography/) - Low City, High City: Tokyo from Edo to the Earthquake, Edward Seidensticker, 1982, Alfred A. Knopf. Tokyo Rising: The City since the Great Earthquake, Edward Seidensticker, 1990, Alfred A. Knopf. Tokyo Now & Then: An Explorer's Guide, Paul Waley, 1984, Weatherhill. Yoshiwara: The Nightless City, J.E. De Backer, 1960 (reprint of the 1899 edition), Frederick ## Categories - [Uncategorized](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/uncategorized/) - [Decades](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/decades/) - [1900s](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/decades/1900/) - [1910s](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/decades/1910/) - [1920s](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/decades/1920/) - [1930s](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/decades/1930/) - [1940s](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/decades/1940/) - [1950s](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/decades/1950/) - [1960s](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/decades/1960/) - [Fashion](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/people-places-things/fashion/) - [Patriotism/Military](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/people-places-things/patriotism/) - [People, Places & Things](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/people-places-things/) - [Amusements & Recreations](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/people-places-things/amusements/) - [Architecture](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/people-places-things/architecture/) - [Bridges & Spans](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/people-places-things/bridges/) - [Cherry Blossoms](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/people-places-things/cherry-blossoms/) - [Commerce](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/people-places-things/commerce/) - [Geisha/Maiko/Onnanoko](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/people-places-things/geisha-people-places-things/) - [Government](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/people-places-things/government/) - [Imperial Household](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/people-places-things/imperial-household/) - [Maps](https://www.oldtokyo.com/category/people-places-things/maps/) - [Mt. 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Fuji](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/mt-fuji/) - [Music](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/music-2/) - [Navy](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/navy/) - [Navy Ministry](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/navy-ministry/) - [Nihonbashi Bridge](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/nihonbashi-bridge/) - [Nihonbashi District](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/nihonbashi-district/) - [Nikolai Cathedral](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/nikolai/) - [N.Y.K. 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(JATC)](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/japan-air-transport-co-jatc/) - [Emiko](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/emiko/) - [Miss Tokimatsu](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/miss-tokimatsu/) - [Winter](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/winter/) - [Skiing](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/skiing/) - [Rokko](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/rokko/) - [Duncan Academy](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/duncan-academy/) - [Kudanzaka](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/kudanzaka/) - [Benkeibashi](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/benkeibashi/) - [Edo Castle](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/edo-castle/) - [Snow skiing](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/snow-skiing/) - [Japan Alps](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/japan-alps/) - [Meiji Theater](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/meiji-theater/) - [Meiji-za](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/meiji-za/) - [Foreign Settlements](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/foreign-settlements/) - [Kaikosha](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/kaikosha/) - [Kudan lighthouse](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/kudan-lighthouse/) - [Jyotomyodai](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/jyotomyodai/) - 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[Shibaura](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/shibaura/) - [Kudan kaikan](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/kudan-kaikan/) - [Gunjin kaikan](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/gunjin-kaikan/) - [Ex-Soldiers Hall](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/ex-soldiers-hall/) - [Meiji Outer Garden](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/meiji-outer-garden/) - [Olympics](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/olympics/) - [Meiji Gallery](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/meiji-gallery/) - [Girls' Normal School](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/girls-normal-school/) - [Tokaido Main Line](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/tokaido-main-line/) - [Flip-Flap](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/flip-flap/) - [Kimono](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/kimono/) - [Kyoto](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/kyoto/) - [Imperial household](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/imperial-household-2/) - [Fujiya Hotel](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/fujiya-hotel/) - [Miyanoshita spa](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/miyanoshita-spa/) - [Onsen](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/onsen/) - [Karuizawa](https://www.oldtokyo.com/tag/karuizawa/) - 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